2. Definition of Material Handling
Material handling is an activity that involves movement of
material or products within an organization from one place
to another place or the flow of material or products to
vehicles or from vehicles. The activities are usually
confined within the boundaries of an organization. The
movement of material from one organization to another is
categorized as transportation work, which is not part of
material handling activities.
3.
4. Objectives of Materials Handling
1. Reduced cost using a material handling
2. Reduced waste of material
3. Improved work condition
4. Enhanced distribution
5. Optimized warehouse capacity
6. Improved flow of material
7. Full equipment utilization
8. Workers’ safety
9. Costs Included in Material Handling :
Materials handling includes following costs:
Materials handling cost = cost of handling +
cost of transportation + cost of packaging +
cost of space + cost of handling equipment
including operation, maintenance and
depreciation etc.
10. Activities of Materials Handling
1. Packaging and packing of raw material for the
industry.
2. Loading and transportation to the plant.
3. Unloading activities.
4. Receiving, storage and issue of material for
production.
5. In-process handling.
6. In-process storage.
7. Work-place handling.
11. Activities of Materials Handling
8. Infra-departmental handling.
9. Inter-departmental handling.
10. Intra plant handling.
11. Packaging.
12. Warehousing.
13. Packing.
14. Loading and transportation to
customers/distributors/dealers place.
13. 1. Equipment Oriented Systems:
(a) Industrial Truck Systems: Platform trucks
and skids, fork trucks and pallets, and
tractor-trailers.
(b) Conveyor systems
(c) Overhead systems: Overhead cranes, and
monorails
14. 2. Material (Load) Oriented Systems:
(a) Unit handling system.
(b) Bulk handling systems: conveyors,
power shovels, scoops, cranes,
draglines, and construction
equipment.
(c) Liquid material handling systems.
15. 3. Method (Production) Oriented
Systems:
(a) Manual system.
(b) Mechanised or automated systems,
(c) Mass production handling systems.
(d) Job shop handling systems.
16. 4. Function Oriented Handling Systems:
(a) Transportation systems: For horizontal motion.
(b) Elevating systems: For vertical motion over
vertical or steeply inclined routes.
(c) Conveying systems: Horizontal, vertical or
combined motions.
(d) Transferring systems: Horizontal, inclined or
declined motions through the air.
(e) Self-loading systems: Intermittent motion with
machines that pick up, move and set down, i.e., unit
load systems.