Assembly Line balancing and material handeling equipments

1. Industrial
Engineering
Unit 1-Chapter 06
Assembly line Balancing
&
Material Handeling and Equipments
By –Anwer Ahmed
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

2. Chapter Index
S.No. Reference No. Particulars Slide From-To
1 Learning Objective 3
2 Topic1 Assembly line Balancing 4-5
3 Topic 2 Concept of material handling 6
4 Topic 3 Functions and Principle of material
handling
7-9
5 Topic 4 Types of material handling system. 10-14
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

3. Learning Objective
 Concept of Assembly line Balancing
 Explain the concept of Material Handling.
 Discuss function and principal of Material Handling.
 Selection of Material Handling equipment.
 Types of Material Handling equipment.
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

4. Assembly line Balancing
 LineBalancing: Line balancing means balancing the line
 The main objective of line balancing is to distribute tasks evenly over the
work stations so that idle time of men and machines is minimized
5 unit/min 10 unit/min 15unit/min
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed
A B C

5.  Since A has minimum i.e. of processing only 5 piece per unit time naturally, work
station (or machine) B will remain idle for 50% of its time and machine C for 66.6% of
its time.
 It shows that the line is unbalanced.
To make the line balance we adopt a method.
5 X 3 = 15 10 X 2 = 20
(3 machines of type A) (2 of type B ) (With every m/c of type C)
 “Another approach to balance the line will be to give some other task to machines B and C so
that they do not remain idle.”
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed
A B C

6. 21/09/2020Anwer ahmed
 Heuristic Method of Line Balancing: The heuristic method involves drawing a
precedence diagram in a particular way which indicates the flexibility
available for transferring laterally from one column to another to arrive at the
most promising balance.
The heuristic approach involves following procedural steps :
1. Identity the work (job).
2. Break down the work into elemental tasks or steps. For example, drilling a
hole is a step or elemental task.
3. List the various steps as under (An example)
4. Sketch the precedence diagram and marks the task duration.

7. 21/09/2020Anwer ahmed
Steps or
Elemental task
Immediate predecessor Duration of task(min)
1 - 3
2 - 4
3 1 2
4 2 5
5 3 4
6 5 8
7 4 2
8 6 4
9 7,8 6

8. 21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

9. 21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

10. 21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

11. Concept of Material Handling
 Material handling involves the movements of materials, manually or
mechanically in batches or one item at a time within the plant. The
movement may horizontal. vertical or the combination of horizontal and
vertical.
 Material handling emphasizes upon the need of installing efficient and safe
methods and equipments for material handling It has been found that 35 to
40% of the plant accidents are the results of bad methods of material
handling.
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

12. Functions and Principle of material handling
Main functions of material handling section are :
 To choose production machinery and assist in plant layout so as to eliminate
as much as possible the need of material handling
 To choose most appropriate material handling equipment which is safe and
can fulfil material handling requirements at the minimum possible overall
cost
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

13.  Principle of material handling
 Minimize the movements involved in a production operation
 Using the principles of containerization, unit load or palletimtion, aim at
moving optimum number of pieces in one unit.
 Minimize the distances moved, by adopting shortest routes.
 Employ mechanical aids in place of manual labour in order to speed up the
material movements.
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

14.  Change in sequence of production operations may be suggested in
order to minimize back tracking and duplicate handling.
 Safe, standard, efficient, effective, appropriate, and proper sized
material handling equipment should be selected.
 Handling equipments arrangement should minimze distances moved
by and at the same time handling equipments should not interfere
with the production line.
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

15. Types of material handling system.
 The following factors may be considered while selecting a material handling
equipment :
 Material to be moved.
 Plant buildings and layout
 Types of productions Machines
 Types of material flow pattern
 Type of productions
 Cost of material handling equipment
 Handling costs.
 Life of Equipments
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

16. Characterstic of matererial handelinf
equipments.
 Material
I. Bulk
II. Packaged
 Movement
I. Vertical
II. Horizontal
III. Combined
 Supervision Required
I. Close
II. Little
III. Equip. are automatic or semi automatic
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

17.  Path followed
I. Variable
II. Fixed
III. Either fixed or variable
 Speed
I. Variable
II. Fixed
III. Either fixed or variable
 Power required
I. Electrical
II. I.C Engine
III. Manuals
IV. Gravity
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

18. Examples of some of the material
handelinf equipments
 Cranes
I. Over head
II. Jib
III. Grantry
 Hoist
I. Chain type
II. Pneumatic
III. Hydraulic
 Monorail
I. Trolley
II. Carriers
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

19.  Conveyors
I. Belt
II. Roller gravity
III. Roller line
IV. Drag
V. Bucket
VI. Chain or cable
VII. Pipe Line
 Lift
 Trails
 Industrial Trucks.
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed

20. Refrences
 Industrial engineering and management- O.P. Khanna
21/09/2020Anwer ahmed