There is an urgent need for the revitalization of the Nigerian Agricultural sector especially now the economic situation of the economy is nothing to write home about. The Agricultural sector of Nigeria was neglected for years owing to the discovery of crude oil in the 70s. Crude oil exportation gradually replaced Agricultural products exportation until Nigeria became a mono product exporting nation. The current fall in oil prices have led to the recent clamor for the diversification of the economy through agricultural export performance. Serveral policies have been implemented by the government both in state and federal levels in order to boost the agricultural sector but no significant change has been achieved. This indicates that the sector is faced with challenges which must be identified and nipped in the bud for the sector to flourish. Marketing of Agricultural products has been identified by various researchers globally and in Nigeria as the major problems of the Agricultural sector. Various scholars have discovered that if the right marketing practices is not put in place in the Agricultural sector of an economy, the sector would not flourish. Therefore the thrust of this conceptual study was to identify the problems associated with the marketing of Agricultural products with a view to proffering recommendations of the best marketing practices to adopt in order to boost the Agricultural sector of the economy for economic growth and sustainable development. Nwuba, Chibike Onyije "Marketing of Agricultural Products, a Panacea for Economic Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38503.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/38503/marketing-of-agricultural-products-a-panacea-for-economic-growth-and-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/nwuba-chibike-onyije
Agricultural trade has been an important contributor in Bangladesh to improved food security and price stability. For example, private sector imports have assured a price ceiling at import parity levels in the aftermath of major floods in 1998 and 2004. As the global price crisis has shown, however, the positive experiences with private trade might not completely eliminate the role of public food stocks. While Bangladesh is a net agricultural importer, it has also been successful in exporting cereals and high-value products such as shrimp and fish. This success has partly been due to preferential trade agreements. However, further investments are needed to assure that Bangladesh can adhere to increasing quality and safety standards and to prepare for a more liberalized international trade environment, once the Doha trade negotiations are finalized.
Economic Environment and Performance of Food and Beverage Sub-Sector of a Dev...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper examines the implications of economic environment on the performance of food and beverage sub-sector of Nigeria. The economic environment is an embodiment of dynamic variables characterized by significant challenges impacting on the food and beverage sub-sector. Performance in this sector is measured in terms of profitability, exchange rate, interest rate, current asset, turnover, market share and return on investment among others. This study therefore serves as report of investigation into the implications of these variables on the performance of food and beverage sub sector. The ordinary least square technique is adopted in the methodology and the result reveals a significant relationship between economic environmental variables and the food and beverage sub-sector. The study advocates a strong public private partnership between government and the sector as well as encouragement of stable exchange rate so as to foster economic growth.
In recent times, agricultural sector has returned to the forefront of development issues in Nigeria given its contribution to employment creation, sustainable food supply and provision of raw materials to other sectors of the economy. In lieu of that, this study examines the impact of agriculture on the economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series data covering the sample period of 1981 to 2018. To analyse the data collected, Autoregression Distributed Lag (ARDL) model through the bounds testing framework is employed to measure the presence of cointegrating relations between real GDP, agricultural productivity, labour force, and agricultural export. Results show the presence of both short-run and long-run relationship among the variables, and that agriculture has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. These findings inform the Nigerian government on the need to expedite labour force (human capital) and agricultural export (non-oil) development with the view to achieving sustainable growth and development. In addition, developing skills and competencies of labour force through capacity building in the agricultural sector will encourage research and development thereby increase the export size, hence essential for long-term growth.
Agricultural trade has been an important contributor in Bangladesh to improved food security and price stability. For example, private sector imports have assured a price ceiling at import parity levels in the aftermath of major floods in 1998 and 2004. As the global price crisis has shown, however, the positive experiences with private trade might not completely eliminate the role of public food stocks. While Bangladesh is a net agricultural importer, it has also been successful in exporting cereals and high-value products such as shrimp and fish. This success has partly been due to preferential trade agreements. However, further investments are needed to assure that Bangladesh can adhere to increasing quality and safety standards and to prepare for a more liberalized international trade environment, once the Doha trade negotiations are finalized.
Economic Environment and Performance of Food and Beverage Sub-Sector of a Dev...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper examines the implications of economic environment on the performance of food and beverage sub-sector of Nigeria. The economic environment is an embodiment of dynamic variables characterized by significant challenges impacting on the food and beverage sub-sector. Performance in this sector is measured in terms of profitability, exchange rate, interest rate, current asset, turnover, market share and return on investment among others. This study therefore serves as report of investigation into the implications of these variables on the performance of food and beverage sub sector. The ordinary least square technique is adopted in the methodology and the result reveals a significant relationship between economic environmental variables and the food and beverage sub-sector. The study advocates a strong public private partnership between government and the sector as well as encouragement of stable exchange rate so as to foster economic growth.
In recent times, agricultural sector has returned to the forefront of development issues in Nigeria given its contribution to employment creation, sustainable food supply and provision of raw materials to other sectors of the economy. In lieu of that, this study examines the impact of agriculture on the economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series data covering the sample period of 1981 to 2018. To analyse the data collected, Autoregression Distributed Lag (ARDL) model through the bounds testing framework is employed to measure the presence of cointegrating relations between real GDP, agricultural productivity, labour force, and agricultural export. Results show the presence of both short-run and long-run relationship among the variables, and that agriculture has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. These findings inform the Nigerian government on the need to expedite labour force (human capital) and agricultural export (non-oil) development with the view to achieving sustainable growth and development. In addition, developing skills and competencies of labour force through capacity building in the agricultural sector will encourage research and development thereby increase the export size, hence essential for long-term growth.
This study examined the effectiveness of agricultural protection policy and other macroeconomic variables on food supply, agricultural export, and farmers welfare in Nigeria, from 1980-2016 with a special interest in their relationship with the political economy. The specific objectives were to (i) estimate the degrees of agricultural protection, domestic agricultural food supply and economic welfare to farmers in Nigeria, (ii) determine the effectiveness of agricultural protection on food self-supply, agricultural export; and farmer-welfare. Data were obtained from secondary sources. Descriptive statistics and generalized method of moment (GMM) were used. Nigeria’s self-food supply was slightly above 50% while the rest of the consumption depended on importation. The welfare measure to farmers was relatively poor and not good enough to motivate them. There was a positive and significant relationship between export and agricultural protection. A significant and positive relationship also exists between farmer-welfare and protection in the sector.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Factors Influencing Smallholder Potato Farmers’ Choice Decisions of Market Ou...ijtsrd
Potato Solanum tuberosum L. is an important crop that plays a major role in food security and poverty reduction to a large proportion of rural farmers in the North West than other parts of Rwanda. However, potato is a perishable product which necessitates an effective choice decision of the market outlet. This paper presents factors influencing smallholder potato farmers’ choice decisions for market outlets in Rwanda. Through a multistage sampling technique, cross sectional data were collected from 585 smallholder potato farmers in Musanze and Nyabihu Districts.Both descriptive statistical methods and econometrics methods were used for data analysis. Multivariate probit model was used to determine the factors influencing smallholder potato farmers’ choice decision to sell to particular market outlets. Results showed that farming experiences, level of education of decision maker, household size, household income, household assets, access to market information and distance to market significantly influenced the smallholder potato farmers’ choice decisions of selling to consumer, retailer, wholesaler, cooperative, collection centres and processors market outlets. The study recommends establishment of structured market systems to improve access to potato market information. This should be supported by agricultural financingfor improved seeds acquisition and other productive inputs to enable farmers to increase surplus potato supplied to market. Improving the farmers’ education in marketing would also help them to effectively deliver potato to efficient market outlet. Patrice Mugenzi | George Owour | Hillary K. Bett "Factors Influencing Smallholder Potato Farmers’ Choice Decisions of Market Outlets in Musanze and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda: A Multivariate Probit Model" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43632.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/agricultural-engineering/43632/factors-influencing-smallholder-potato-farmers’-choice-decisions-of-market-outlets-in-musanze-and-nyabihu-districts-rwanda-a-multivariate-probit-model/patrice-mugenzi
This chapter is intended to ensure that students understand why agricultural policies are needed in both developing and developed countries. It will also shed light on the major forces that cause policy change, reasons for government involvement in agriculture and the place of agricultural policies in the future.
This article focuses on small-scale food processing enterprises (SSFPEs) as one of the important
measures for national development and addressing food security challenges, particularly in Nigeria. The roles,
challenges, prospects and measures of SSFPE’s development in Nigeria were discussed. The need for food
processing following the extent of food losses and wastages in Nigeria was emphasized. Efforts made at
ensuring food security in developing countries, with particular reference to Nigeria were also discussed. The
contributions of engineering in enhancing food processing and productivity in Nigeria in the areas of
mechanization of food processing unit operations, development of new and existing technologies, design and
development of machinery and systems for processing and preservation of different agricultural produce of high
target were also discussed. This will facilitate the achievement of the technical roles of food processing. SSFPEs
play important roles in the economy of a developing country, particularly in terms of employment creation,
income generation, post-harvest losses reduction, food preservation, value addition, improvement of food safety
and nutritional quality, increase in shelf-life of a product, and act as training grounds for entrepreneurs before
they invest in large scale enterprises. SSFPEs in Nigeria are faced with significant challenges that compromise
their ability to function and to contribute optimally to the economy. Financial constraints and lack of
management skills are the major constraints, among others. The long-term effect in the economic and national
development can be achieved through the development of small-scale food processing techniques, and these
culminate to rapid food processing and industrialization. In view of this, it is recommended that governments
and non-governmental organizations should encourage and facilitate the development of SSFPEs either by
funding or regularly organizing seminars for potential small-scale food enterprises’ operators on how to plan,
organize, direct and control their businesses.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
KRI Brown Bag Seminar #2 - Malaysia : Current Scenario and Way Forward for th...KhazanahResearchInstitute
On 18 May 2017, guest speaker Dr. Mohd Desa Hassim, CEO of International Tropical Fruits Network (TFNet), presented at the second KRI Brown Bag Seminar on a topic titled “Malaysia: Current Scenario and Way Forward for the Fruit Industry”.
Dr. Mohd Desa started the session by discussing the importance of tropical fruit industry and current scenario in Malaysia, followed by the industry’s position in the global fruit trade. He then addressed the issues and challenges faced by the industry and wrapped up the discourse with suggestions on how to improve the industry moving forward.
South Sudan's Jonglei State's Agricultural and Food Security Strategy Present...L. Bill Emerson
South Sudan's Largest State Jonglei's Strategic Plan by L. Bill Emerson -- For Elected Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Delivery to Jonglei Council of Ministers (CoM), Approval by Jonglei Congressional Representatives & Signature of Governor of Jonglei State, H.E Lt. Gen. Eng. Kuol Manyang Juuk. Then forwarded to Republic of South Sudan in Juba where National Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry will use in their 5 year national strategic plan.
The presentation was part of the Food Security in India: the Interactions of Climate Change, Economics, Politics and Trade workshop, organized by IFPRI-CUTS on March 11 in New Delhi, India. The project seeks to explore a model for analyzing food security in India through the interactions of climate change, economics, politics and trade.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Per Pinstrup-Andersen (Cornell University, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Agripreneurship Development Strategy for Economic Recovery and Sustainable De...ijtsrd
Over dependence on crude oil for foreign exchange have led to the steady dwindle in the Agricultural sector performance which was Nigerias main stay prior to the oil boom in the 70s. Currently, Nigerias economy has continued to scuffle to retain its title Africas largest economy with the recent fluctuations in oil prices which have affected the economy negatively which is evident in the low standard of living, and the heightened increase in the cost of goods and services. There is an agreement among scholars that the Nigerian economy should be diversified through agriculture and that Agripreneurship could revamp the current economic situation of the nation. Therefore, increased Agricultural sector performance could lead to economic recovery and sustainable development. Despite the fact that a lot of sensitization programmes, workshops, seminars and presentations have been organized by private and government agencies and organizations also, polices and support Systems were created by the government both in the state and Federal levels so as to enhance the Agricultural sector, yet results from recent studies still indicate that the Agricultural sector performance in Nigeria is low. This indicates that perhaps Agripreneurship has not really been embraced and there are seemingly the existence of some bottlenecks or barriers which inhibit the increase in the Agricultural sector performance of the country, Agriculture is still practiced in subsistence level. Accordingly, the thrust of this study is to explore agripreneurship development as a strategy for economic recovery and sustainable development. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba "Agripreneurship Development Strategy for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50314.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/50314/agripreneurship-development-strategy-for-economic-recovery-and-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
Agripreneurship Development as a Tool for Revitalizing the Agricultural Secto...ijtsrd
Over reliance on crude oil as a currency exchange has resulted in a steady decline in the performance of the agricultural sector, which was Nigerias mainstay before the oil boom of the 1970s. At present, the Nigerian economy continues to struggle to retain its title of Africas largest economy, with recent fluctuations in oil prices having negatively impacted the economy, reflected in the low standard of living and increased rise in the cost of goods and services. Scholars agree that the Nigerian economy should be diversified through agriculture and that agripreneurship could improve the nations current economic situation. Therefore, enhanced performance of the agricultural sector could lead to economic recovery and sustainable development. Despite the fact that many awareness programs, workshops, seminars and presentations have also been organized by private and governmental bodies and organizations, strategies and support systems have been created by the government at both the state and federal levels to improve the agricultural sector, but results are still pointing Recent studies indicate that the performance of the agricultural sector in Nigeria is poor. This indicates that perhaps agripreneurship has not really been embraced and there appear to be some bottlenecks or obstacles that are hampering the improvement in the performance of the countrys agricultural sector. Agriculture is still practiced at the subsistence level. Accordingly, the focus of this study is to examine agripreneurship development as a tool for revitalizing the Agricultural sector performance of the economy which will in turn lead to economic growth and development. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba | Chukwunonso Chukwudi Okoli "Agripreneurship Development as a Tool for Revitalizing the Agricultural Sector Performance of Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50498.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/50498/agripreneurship-development-as-a-tool-for-revitalizing-the-agricultural-sector-performance-of-nigeria/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
This study examined the effectiveness of agricultural protection policy and other macroeconomic variables on food supply, agricultural export, and farmers welfare in Nigeria, from 1980-2016 with a special interest in their relationship with the political economy. The specific objectives were to (i) estimate the degrees of agricultural protection, domestic agricultural food supply and economic welfare to farmers in Nigeria, (ii) determine the effectiveness of agricultural protection on food self-supply, agricultural export; and farmer-welfare. Data were obtained from secondary sources. Descriptive statistics and generalized method of moment (GMM) were used. Nigeria’s self-food supply was slightly above 50% while the rest of the consumption depended on importation. The welfare measure to farmers was relatively poor and not good enough to motivate them. There was a positive and significant relationship between export and agricultural protection. A significant and positive relationship also exists between farmer-welfare and protection in the sector.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Factors Influencing Smallholder Potato Farmers’ Choice Decisions of Market Ou...ijtsrd
Potato Solanum tuberosum L. is an important crop that plays a major role in food security and poverty reduction to a large proportion of rural farmers in the North West than other parts of Rwanda. However, potato is a perishable product which necessitates an effective choice decision of the market outlet. This paper presents factors influencing smallholder potato farmers’ choice decisions for market outlets in Rwanda. Through a multistage sampling technique, cross sectional data were collected from 585 smallholder potato farmers in Musanze and Nyabihu Districts.Both descriptive statistical methods and econometrics methods were used for data analysis. Multivariate probit model was used to determine the factors influencing smallholder potato farmers’ choice decision to sell to particular market outlets. Results showed that farming experiences, level of education of decision maker, household size, household income, household assets, access to market information and distance to market significantly influenced the smallholder potato farmers’ choice decisions of selling to consumer, retailer, wholesaler, cooperative, collection centres and processors market outlets. The study recommends establishment of structured market systems to improve access to potato market information. This should be supported by agricultural financingfor improved seeds acquisition and other productive inputs to enable farmers to increase surplus potato supplied to market. Improving the farmers’ education in marketing would also help them to effectively deliver potato to efficient market outlet. Patrice Mugenzi | George Owour | Hillary K. Bett "Factors Influencing Smallholder Potato Farmers’ Choice Decisions of Market Outlets in Musanze and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda: A Multivariate Probit Model" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43632.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/agricultural-engineering/43632/factors-influencing-smallholder-potato-farmers’-choice-decisions-of-market-outlets-in-musanze-and-nyabihu-districts-rwanda-a-multivariate-probit-model/patrice-mugenzi
This chapter is intended to ensure that students understand why agricultural policies are needed in both developing and developed countries. It will also shed light on the major forces that cause policy change, reasons for government involvement in agriculture and the place of agricultural policies in the future.
This article focuses on small-scale food processing enterprises (SSFPEs) as one of the important
measures for national development and addressing food security challenges, particularly in Nigeria. The roles,
challenges, prospects and measures of SSFPE’s development in Nigeria were discussed. The need for food
processing following the extent of food losses and wastages in Nigeria was emphasized. Efforts made at
ensuring food security in developing countries, with particular reference to Nigeria were also discussed. The
contributions of engineering in enhancing food processing and productivity in Nigeria in the areas of
mechanization of food processing unit operations, development of new and existing technologies, design and
development of machinery and systems for processing and preservation of different agricultural produce of high
target were also discussed. This will facilitate the achievement of the technical roles of food processing. SSFPEs
play important roles in the economy of a developing country, particularly in terms of employment creation,
income generation, post-harvest losses reduction, food preservation, value addition, improvement of food safety
and nutritional quality, increase in shelf-life of a product, and act as training grounds for entrepreneurs before
they invest in large scale enterprises. SSFPEs in Nigeria are faced with significant challenges that compromise
their ability to function and to contribute optimally to the economy. Financial constraints and lack of
management skills are the major constraints, among others. The long-term effect in the economic and national
development can be achieved through the development of small-scale food processing techniques, and these
culminate to rapid food processing and industrialization. In view of this, it is recommended that governments
and non-governmental organizations should encourage and facilitate the development of SSFPEs either by
funding or regularly organizing seminars for potential small-scale food enterprises’ operators on how to plan,
organize, direct and control their businesses.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
KRI Brown Bag Seminar #2 - Malaysia : Current Scenario and Way Forward for th...KhazanahResearchInstitute
On 18 May 2017, guest speaker Dr. Mohd Desa Hassim, CEO of International Tropical Fruits Network (TFNet), presented at the second KRI Brown Bag Seminar on a topic titled “Malaysia: Current Scenario and Way Forward for the Fruit Industry”.
Dr. Mohd Desa started the session by discussing the importance of tropical fruit industry and current scenario in Malaysia, followed by the industry’s position in the global fruit trade. He then addressed the issues and challenges faced by the industry and wrapped up the discourse with suggestions on how to improve the industry moving forward.
South Sudan's Jonglei State's Agricultural and Food Security Strategy Present...L. Bill Emerson
South Sudan's Largest State Jonglei's Strategic Plan by L. Bill Emerson -- For Elected Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Delivery to Jonglei Council of Ministers (CoM), Approval by Jonglei Congressional Representatives & Signature of Governor of Jonglei State, H.E Lt. Gen. Eng. Kuol Manyang Juuk. Then forwarded to Republic of South Sudan in Juba where National Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry will use in their 5 year national strategic plan.
The presentation was part of the Food Security in India: the Interactions of Climate Change, Economics, Politics and Trade workshop, organized by IFPRI-CUTS on March 11 in New Delhi, India. The project seeks to explore a model for analyzing food security in India through the interactions of climate change, economics, politics and trade.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Per Pinstrup-Andersen (Cornell University, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Agripreneurship Development Strategy for Economic Recovery and Sustainable De...ijtsrd
Over dependence on crude oil for foreign exchange have led to the steady dwindle in the Agricultural sector performance which was Nigerias main stay prior to the oil boom in the 70s. Currently, Nigerias economy has continued to scuffle to retain its title Africas largest economy with the recent fluctuations in oil prices which have affected the economy negatively which is evident in the low standard of living, and the heightened increase in the cost of goods and services. There is an agreement among scholars that the Nigerian economy should be diversified through agriculture and that Agripreneurship could revamp the current economic situation of the nation. Therefore, increased Agricultural sector performance could lead to economic recovery and sustainable development. Despite the fact that a lot of sensitization programmes, workshops, seminars and presentations have been organized by private and government agencies and organizations also, polices and support Systems were created by the government both in the state and Federal levels so as to enhance the Agricultural sector, yet results from recent studies still indicate that the Agricultural sector performance in Nigeria is low. This indicates that perhaps Agripreneurship has not really been embraced and there are seemingly the existence of some bottlenecks or barriers which inhibit the increase in the Agricultural sector performance of the country, Agriculture is still practiced in subsistence level. Accordingly, the thrust of this study is to explore agripreneurship development as a strategy for economic recovery and sustainable development. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba "Agripreneurship Development Strategy for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50314.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/50314/agripreneurship-development-strategy-for-economic-recovery-and-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
Agripreneurship Development as a Tool for Revitalizing the Agricultural Secto...ijtsrd
Over reliance on crude oil as a currency exchange has resulted in a steady decline in the performance of the agricultural sector, which was Nigerias mainstay before the oil boom of the 1970s. At present, the Nigerian economy continues to struggle to retain its title of Africas largest economy, with recent fluctuations in oil prices having negatively impacted the economy, reflected in the low standard of living and increased rise in the cost of goods and services. Scholars agree that the Nigerian economy should be diversified through agriculture and that agripreneurship could improve the nations current economic situation. Therefore, enhanced performance of the agricultural sector could lead to economic recovery and sustainable development. Despite the fact that many awareness programs, workshops, seminars and presentations have also been organized by private and governmental bodies and organizations, strategies and support systems have been created by the government at both the state and federal levels to improve the agricultural sector, but results are still pointing Recent studies indicate that the performance of the agricultural sector in Nigeria is poor. This indicates that perhaps agripreneurship has not really been embraced and there appear to be some bottlenecks or obstacles that are hampering the improvement in the performance of the countrys agricultural sector. Agriculture is still practiced at the subsistence level. Accordingly, the focus of this study is to examine agripreneurship development as a tool for revitalizing the Agricultural sector performance of the economy which will in turn lead to economic growth and development. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba | Chukwunonso Chukwudi Okoli "Agripreneurship Development as a Tool for Revitalizing the Agricultural Sector Performance of Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50498.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/50498/agripreneurship-development-as-a-tool-for-revitalizing-the-agricultural-sector-performance-of-nigeria/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
Challenges and Prospects of Agribusiness in Nigeria The Missing Linkijtsrd
For about three decades, the Nigerian government had initiated many policies and programs aimed at restoring the agricultural sector to its prominent position in the economy. However, various efforts to encourage investment and export diversification in the agricultural sector have not yielded favorable results. Great potential for investments and export diversification to generate higher economic growth remained untapped, as a result of challenges in the agricultural sector which have to be nipped in the bud. Therefore, this study identified these challenges and made recommendations to be implemented to remove these limitations in order to accelerate the achievement of economic growth and sustainable development in the country. The identified challenges or limitations consist of marketing problems, infrastructure deficiencies and unstable input and output prices. Measures to lift restrictions must include improvements in downstream commodity activities, environmental management, increased financing and efficiency in agricultural spending. The government should wake up and invest in infrastructure, and such investment must ensure infrastructure development in both urban and rural areas. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba | Chukwunonso Chukwudi Okoli "Challenges and Prospects of Agribusiness in Nigeria: The Missing Link" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50510.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/50510/challenges-and-prospects-of-agribusiness-in-nigeria-the-missing-link/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
Assessing agricultural commercialization and rural infrastructure development...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
This study assessed agricultural commercialization and rural infrastructure development of smallholder cassava farmers in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The study was conducted in Nigeria with cross-sectional data collected from 352 smallholder cassava farmers. Crop commercialization index (CCI) was used to compute each farmer’s CCI and categorized into four levels while ordered logit model was employed to analyze the determinants of agricultural commercialization of cassava farmers in the study areas. Availability of some important rural infrastructures were assessed across cassava farmers’ commercialization levels. The results revealed that 13.1 % of cassava farmers did not participate in the sale of cassava roots while 86.9 % of them participated actively in the output market. T he mean and maximum CCI in the study areas was 59.1 and 95.5 respectively. The results also showed that less than 40 % and 20 % of cassava farmers in all commercialization levels had access to electricity and piped water respectively. The ordered logit regression analysis indicated that age, transport cost, cassava marketing experience, and distance to market were among the determinants of agricultural commercialization. Therefore, stakeholders should expedite policy actions capable of promoting rural infrastructure development that will enhance agricultural production, marketing and improve the quality of life of rural farming communities.
Assessing agricultural commercialization and rural infrastructure development...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Abstract: This study assessed agricultural commercialization and rural infrastructure development of smallholder cassava farmers in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The study was conducted in Nigeria with cross-sectional data collected from 352 smallholder cassava farmers. Crop commercialization index (CCI) was used to compute each farmer’s CCI and categorized into four levels while ordered logit model was employed to analyze the determinants of agricultural commercialization of cassava farmers in the study areas. Availability of some important rural infrastructures were assessed across cassava farmers’ commercialization levels. The results revealed that 13.1 % of cassava farmers did not participate in the sale of cassava roots while 86.9 % of them participated actively in the output market. T he mean and maximum CCI in the study areas was 59.1 and 95.5 respectively. The results also showed that less than 40 % and 20 % of cassava farmers in all commercialization levels had access to electricity and piped water respectively. The ordered logit regression analysis indicated that age, transport cost, cassava marketing experience, and distance to market were among the determinants of agricultural commercialization. Therefore, stakeholders should expedite policy actions capable of promoting rural infrastructure development that will enhance agricultural production, marketing and improve the quality of life of rural farming communities.
Exploratory Model of the Impact of Agriculture on Nigerian Economyijtsrd
This paper explored four models in determining the impact of four agricultural sub-sectors of on the Nigerian GDP. The data is on the contribution of four different sub-sectors of agriculture on Nigerian Economy and was obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. The findings revealed that ridge regression and PCR are good regression estimation methods for predicting GDP. From the models there is strong indication that fish production in Nigeria is too insufficient to sustain her ever increasing population and improve her economy. Also, the ever increasing demand for fish by Nigerians due to high cost of meat in the market is clearly shown in the models and this stands to say that a lot need to be done to improve fish production in Nigeria to ensure sustainable growth and development. Okeke, Evelyn Nkiruka | Okeke, Joseph Uchenna"Exploratory Model of the Impact of Agriculture on Nigerian Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd162.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/162/exploratory-model-of-the-impact-of-agriculture-on-nigerian-economy/okeke-evelyn-nkiruka
Agripreneurship Strategy for Wealth Creation and Sustainable Development in N...ijtsrd
Nigerias over dependence on crude oil for foreign exchange since the early 1970s has led to a gross decline in the performance of the agricultural sector, which was Nigerias mainstay before the oil boom. At present, the Nigerian economy continues to struggle to live up to its title as Africas largest economy, with recent fluctuations in oil prices having a negative impact on the economy, reflected in low living standards and rising costs of goods and services. Researchers agree that agripreneurship could improve Nigerias current economic situation. In other words, improved agricultural sector performance could lead to economic growth and sustainable development. Despite the fact that many educational programmes, workshops, seminars and presentations have also been organized by private and governmental bodies and organisations, strategies and support systems have been put in place by the government at both the state and federal levels to boost the agricultural sector, but only recently Studies still show that the performance of the agricultural sector in Nigeria is low. This indicates that agripreneurship may not have been fully embraced and that there appear to be some bottlenecks or limitations that are hampering the improvement of agricultural sector performance. Consequently, the focus of this study is to explore the agripreneurship strategy and its importance for economic growth and sustainable development in Nigeria. Dr. Chibike Onyije Nwuba | Chukwunonso Chukwudi Okoli "Agripreneurship Strategy for Wealth Creation and Sustainable Development in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52483.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/52483/agripreneurship-strategy-for-wealth-creation-and-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/dr-chibike-onyije-nwuba
https://ijaast.com/index.html
Our journal has open-access nature of IJAAST fosters global collaboration. Researchers from diverse geographical locations can engage with and build upon each other's work, transcending borders to collectively address the challenges and opportunities in agricultural science and technology.
Use of Social Media in the Marketing of Agricultural Products and Farmers Tur...ijtsrd
The study sought to determine the extent to which the usage of social media in the marketing of agricultural products in South West Nigeria can enhance farmers turnover. It employed the survey research design to collect data with the help of a structured questionnaire to elicit information from respondents selected from six 6 south western states. Research data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that the use of social media WhatsApp and Facebook in marketing of agricultural products significantly enhances farmers turnover. The managerial implication is that use of Whatsapp and Facebook in the marketing of agricultural products for the enhancement of farmers’ turnover was found to have significant influence on the enhancement in farmers’ turnover from agricultural products. Policy makers in government should provide the enabling environment for the telecommunication companies to enhance their reach by installing their facilities across the length and breadth of the country so that the network coverage will be strong at all times so that the benefits of social media usage will not be constrained. Prof. I. C. Nwaizugbo | Abereola, S. N "Use of Social Media in the Marketing of Agricultural Products and Farmers Turnover in South-West Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45151.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/retail-marketing/45151/use-of-social-media-in-the-marketing-of-agricultural-products-and-farmers-turnover-in-southwest-nigeria/prof-i-c-nwaizugbo
Challenges of Rice Production among Members of Rice Farmers Cooperative Socie...ijtsrd
This study examined the effect of International Fund for Agricultural Development on the output of members of rice farmers’ cooperative societies in Anambra State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to examine the extent to which funding, market participation and environmental sustainability has enhanced the productive capacities Members of Rice Farmers Cooperative Societies in Anambra State, Nigeria. The population of the study consists of 613 registered rice farmers cooperative with membership strength of 7255 famers. A sample of 379 was determined using Taro Yamani formula. Data collected for the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics frequencies and percentages and the inferential statistics such as test statistics and the linear regression model. From the analysis of the study, findings revealed that funding, market participation and environmental sustainability were found to be statistically significant in influencing output of members of rice farmers’ cooperative societies in Anambra State. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made To enhance the output of members of rice farmers’ cooperative societies in Anambra State, the government should initiate a supervised credit scheme that will improve the capital base of the rice farmers and income by extension. The government should ensure that beneficiaries adhere strictly to market participation arrangement to avail the farmers the opportunity for a better bargain for their output. Critical infrastructure should be put in place by the government to enhance environmental sustainability in agricultural production. Chigbo, Chinyere Frances | Akonu, Stephanie Chidiogo | Onwumelu, Chinma Maria | Umebali, Emmanuel. E. "Challenges of Rice Production among Members of Rice Farmers Cooperative Societies in Anambra State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50636.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing-management/50636/challenges-of-rice-production-among-members-of-rice-farmers-cooperative-societies-in-anambra-state-nigeria/chigbo-chinyere-frances
The Effect of Commercial Banks Credit on Agricultural Sector’s Contribution t...ijtsrd
This study is an analysis of the effect of commercial banks’ credit to agriculture on the agricultural sector’s contribution to Nigerian real gross domestic product from 1986 to 2020. Specifically, this study ascertained the effect of commercial banks’ credit to agriculture, inflation rate and interest rate on the agricultural sector’s contribution to real gross domestic product. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag ARDL was the econometric tool of analysis employed using data sourced from the statistical bulletins of the Central Bank of Nigeria CBN . The findings of this study in its totality unveiled statistically that commercial banks’ credit to agriculture does not affect the sector’s contribution to real gross domestic product. In the light of the findings, there is a critical need for commercial banks to increase loans to agricultural enterprises through a reduction in interest rate charge for agricultural purposes, which in turn permits for greater economic growth and development. The Central Bank of Nigeria can encourage this through a reduction in the monetary policy rate which inflicts the high interest rate charged by the commercial banks. The Central Bank of Nigeria can also appeal to the commercial banks to reduce their collateral requirements to encourage more farmers, especially the rural farmers to have access to finance for agricultural production. Dr. (Mrs) Victoria Obi-Nwosu | Amalachukwu Chijindu Ananwude | Chisom Njideka Ezeaku "The Effect of Commercial Banks Credit on Agricultural Sector’s Contribution to Real Gross Domestic Product: Evidence from Nigeria 1986 to 2020" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49229.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-economics/49229/the-effect-of-commercial-banks-credit-on-agricultural-sector’s-contribution-to-real-gross-domestic-product-evidence-from-nigeria-1986-to-2020/dr-mrs-victoria-obinwosu
Performance Implication of Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Program...ijtsrd
In a bid to revitalize the ailing agricultural sector in Nigeria, several programmes have been introduced by the government, one of such programmes is Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Program Phase 1 Atasp 1 . Hence, this study was necessitated to look at the performance implication of the programme on participant farmers in Southeast Nigeria. The study specifically determined the effect of ATASP 1 interventions on the farm income of participants and ascertained the effect of ATASP 1 intervention on the farm profit of participants. A survey research design was adopted for the study. A total of 8,585 Rice 3248 and Cassava 5337 farmers are participating in the programme from Anambra and Enugu constituted the population for the study. A multi stage sampling technique was employed by the researcher. Taro Yamane sample size determination formula was further used to derive the sample size 730 of the study. R. Kumaison formula was adopted to allocate sample stratum for the study. Primary and secondary data were collected and used in the study. A combination of descriptive, regression and inferential statistics were utilized in data analysis. Results revealed that Pseudo R2 was 0.435 which implies that 43.5 variation in farmer's income was explained by the joint action of the programme interventions and that the Pseudo R2 was 0.300 which implies that the programme interventions explained 30.0 variation in the profit of farmers. Hence, it was concluded that ATASP 1 is a signifant and right step in the right direction to regalvanize the agricultural sector and give it the pride of place it desearves. Among others, the study recommended that there is a need for the programme to increase its efforts on financial market development intervention and that the programme implementers and policymakers are encouraged to increase their intervention in rural areas. Johnpaul Chimnedum Onyekineso | Nwankwo Frank "Performance Implication of Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Program Phase 1 (Atasp-1): A Southeast Nigeria Experience" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46410.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-economics/46410/performance-implication-of-agricultural-transformation-agenda-support-program-phase-1-atasp1-a-southeast-nigeria-experience/johnpaul-chimnedum-onyekineso
This particular ppt deals about the role of agriculture in indian economy.How agricultural marketing and green revolution had shown its impact.How organic farming might help in agricultural development.It also deals about different types of rural credit
Unlockin investment and finance wbg final project edxStellaOkeke1
final project for World Bank Group open course on edx.
This project aim to make every one interested aware of the huge benefit and potential of using agriculture as a means of impact investment. and unlocking opportunities in a developing economy.
Agricultural Marketing and Performance of Agricultural Firms in Anambra Stateijtsrd
This research studied the relationship between agricultural marketing and performance of agricultural firms in Anambra State. Specifically, the study addressed the relationship between transactional marketing and performance of agricultural firms, the relationship between database marketing and performance of agricultural firms, the relationship between interaction marketing and performance of agricultural firms and finally the relationship between network marketing and performance of agricultural firms. The study adopted a survey research design in collecting data questionnaire and personal interviews were used in collecting primary data while documentary sources were used for secondary data. The population of the study was made up of 411 agricultural firms in Anambra state, whereas 30 firms were selected as the sample size with the aid of solvin formular. The data generated for this study were presented with frequencies and percentages, while the stated hypotheses were statistically tested with Pearson motion correlation, which was computed with the aid of the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences SPSS Version 20. Findings from the study showed thattransactional, database, interaction and network marketing that were used as proxies for agricultural marketing all have a significant relationship with sales volume which was used as proxy for performance of agricultural firms. Chibike Onyije Nwuba "Agricultural Marketing and Performance of Agricultural Firms in Anambra State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38502.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/38502/agricultural-marketing-and-performance-of-agricultural-firms-in-anambra-state/chibike-onyije-nwuba
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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the consumer at a price which is remunerative to the
producer and is within the consumers' ability to pay. To put
it aptly, once the appropriate marketing strategies and
practices are adoptedthechallengesfacedbystakeholdersin
the Agricultural sector of the Americaneconomy(developed
economy) will be nipped in the bud, which is also the case of
developing economies like Nigeria.
Marketing of Agricultural products has its own uniqueness.
The marketing of industrial and consumer products on the
other hand are quit easier, since their end result can be
coordinated with requirements and perceived wants, tosuit
the tastes in size, colour, and so on. The major difference is
that of the shelf life which the Industrial and consumer
products enjoy, relative long lifespan, the agricultural
products are characterized by varying degrees of perish
ability. However, in the case of manufactured products, all
the agricultural products is not taken to the market for sale.
The produce marketed depends on the marketable surplus,
urgent requirement for cash, price realizable, and storage
capacity; perish ability, transport facilities, size of the firm
etc. The market surplus is the total production, which
depends on the location of production, inputs, price, and
demand, access to market and so on, the market surplus on
the other hand is the volume of produce that the farmerssell
in the market after meeting their home requirements,
payment to local artisans etc.
The unique nature of agricultural products leads to the need
for intermediaries who render services of assembling,
sorting, grading, packaging, transportation, promotion and
selling. Since most farmers are not skilled and do not have
the time to involve themselves in the various activities
involved in the selling of their produce,theneedforagencies
such as Agricultural Firms becomes paramount.
Therefore, the focus of this study is to explore the influence
of Marketing of Agricultural products on the growth of the
economy and sustainable development.
Literature Review
Agricultural marketing is coined out of two words;
Agriculture and Marketing. Agriculturehavebeendefined by
various scholars, such as Rimando (2004) who stated that
Agriculture is the systematic raising of useful plants and
livestock under the management of man. Rubenstein(2003)
defined Agriculture as the deliberate effort to modify a
portion of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of crops
and raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain.
Bareja (2014) also defined Agriculture as theartandscience
of growing plants and other crops and the raising of animals
for food, other human needs or economic gain.Agricultureis
the cultivation of plants and husbandry of animals, that is,
the management of living things and ecosystems to produce
goods and services for the people Nchuchuwe & Adejuwon
(2012). Agriculture includes farming;ranching;aquaculture;
apiculture; horticulture; viticulture; animal husbandry,
including, but not limited to, the careand raisingoflivestock,
equine, and fur-bearing animals; poultry husbandry and the
production of poultry and poultry products; dairy
production; the production of field crops, tobacco, fruits,
vegetables, nursery stock, ornamental shrubs, ornamental
trees, flowers, sod, or mushrooms; timber; pasturage; any
combination of the foregoing; the processing, drying,
storage, and marketing of agricultural products when those
activities are conducted in conjunction with, but are
secondary to, such husbandry or production.
On the other hand, Agbonifoh,etal (2007)definedMarketing
as consisting of individual and organizational activities
designed to facilitate and expedite exchanges so as to
achieve the goals of the producer/seller by sensing and
satisfying consumers’ needs. American Marketing
Association (AMA) Board of directors (2013) defined
Marketing as the activity, set of institutions and processes
for creating, communicating, delivering and exchanging
offerings that have value for customers,clients,partners and
society at large. Marketing is the process of finding,
satisfying and retaining customers while the businessmeets
its goals. Wells, Burnett & Moriarty (2002). Fry & Polonsky
(2004) sees Marketing as an organizational function and a
set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering
value to customers and for managingcustomerrelationships
in ways that benefits the organization and its stakeholders.
Stanton (2001) also sees Marketing as a total system of
business activities designed to plan, price, promote and
distribute want satisfying products to target markets to
achieve organizations objectives. Kotler (2011) defined
Marketing as the science and art of exploring, creating and
delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a
profit.
Some researchers have made attempts to define these two
words as one. The term agricultural marketing according to
Nebo & Ejionueme (2017) is simply the application of
marketing concept in dealing with agricultural products.
Agricultural marketing is the anticipation, identificationand
satisfaction of the needs of consumers in agricultural
markets. It begins before production by determining what
products consumers would need and continues after
production by ensuring that what is produced are packaged,
processed, stored, transported,standardized,graded,priced,
promoted and made available to the consumers through
various marketingchannel memberssuchasfarmers,agents,
wholesalers and retailers (Ejionueme & Nebo, 2014). They
further stated that it involves agricultural pre-production,
productionandpost-productionactivitiesaimedatsatisfying
human needs and that it brings producer and consumers
together for the exchange of agricultural productsfor money
or some other valuables. In the view of Vadivelu & Kiran,
(2013), agricultural marketingincludestheactivitiessuchas
planning-production, growing and harvesting, grading,
packing, storage, processing, promotingandselling-involved
in transferring agricultural products from the farm to the
consumer. Specifically, agricultural marketing helps to
determine what agricultural products to produce, how to
produce it and for whom to produce it and how to transfer
what has been produced to the final consumers.
The National Commission on Agriculture has defined
agricultural marketing as a “process that starts with a
decision to producesaleable farmproductsthatalsoincludes
pre and post harvest operations, assembling, grading,
storage, transportation and distribution”. On this,
agricultural market can be classified as primary, secondary
and terminal or export market.Therearevariouschannelsin
these markets such as government channel, cooperative
channel and private channel (Krishnamacharyulu &
Ramakrishna, 2011).
Badar (2011) stated that agricultural marketing system
generally comprises of five main stakeholders or market
actors i.e. producers, traders, trade supporters, trade
planners/decision makers and consumers. Each of these
stakeholders has its own specific marketing goals as
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described below. The producers or farmers are main
stakeholders in an agricultural marketing system. They
produce wide variety of food items for self-consumption as
well as for supply in the market. Agricultural producers are
interested in maximisation of their net farm income and
aversion of risks involved in production and marketing of
their produce. Moreover, they want developed and
guaranteed markets, improved market position, increased
and stabilised prices for outputs besides stable supply and
prices of inputs. Traders are the people who mostly operate
in the markets and relate producers with consumers.
Commission men, brokers, wholesalers and retailers all
belong to this group. Traders desire tohavehighvolumeand
profit, time and cost efficient purchasing, no trade
restrictions and minimum market risk. Trade supporters do
not directly participate in trading activities of the market.
They support and facilitate performance of tradingactivities
and are interested in enhancing efficiency in exchange of
goods. Smooth functioning of market systems and general
support to market exchange function such as infrastructure
and communication are the main goals of trade supporter.
Trade planners and decision makers are responsible for
making decisions relating to agricultural marketing.
Planners and decision makers have social and political goals
generally related to securing ample food supplies and
expanding domestic agriculture markets. Other major
objectives of this group include price stabilisation and
promotion of export sector. The last group in the marketing
chain comprises of consumers but their influence is
considered a derived function which is executed through
traders and tradeinstitutions.Majorobjectivesofconsumers
include acquisitions of good quality products, low prices of
products and better services.
Problems of Agricultural Marketing in Nigeria
The countinous decline of agriculture in Nigeria has led to
severe scarcity of food in the country. This predicament has
led to the drastic rise in the prices of food items and other
agricultural products.
Various problems that were notwell handledbytheNigerian
government led to the decline in agricultural performanceof
the economy, examples are overpopulation,lack ofirrigation
facilities, difficulty in obtaining land for farming, lack of
funding for agriculture, inadequate security, poor transport
facilities, lack of storage and processing facilities,
concentration on crude oil exportation and many other
reasons are responsible for the poor practice of agriculture
in Nigeria.
Consequently, the discovery of crude oil in Nigeria further
led to the decline in agricultural performance. A decline
which leds to scarcity of food items and also the
disorganization of the agricultural marketing system of the
economy. An organized marketing system will not only
ensure good returns to the farmer but also stabilize the
market prices, protect the interest of boththe producersand
final users (Adegbija, 2020)
Unfortunately in Nigeria, it's a pity that agricultural
marketing is not well practiced and this has made farmers
and producers face lots of challenges.Adegbija (2020)stated
some of the challenges facing agricultural marketing in
Nigeria as follows:
1. Lack of Transport Facilities
This is one of the major problems facing the smooth
marketing of agricultural products as the rural areas where
most of the farmers stay lack good roads. This decreases the
quantity of farm products distributed and decreases
efficiency. The function of transportation inthesupplychain
and distribution of Agricultural products cannot be
overemphasized.
It also leads to late delivery of farm products in the market,
scarcity as well as increase in the prices of farm products as
the cost of transport is very high and as a result, the farmers
inflates the prices so as to make ends meet.
2. Poor Quality of Product
This is caused by lack of improved seeds and fertilizers
which therefore reduces the quality of production and thus
leads to low market prices and preference for imported
products.
3. Long Chain of Middlemen
Before Agricultural products getstothefinal consumersthey
usually go through a long chain of middlemen whichinclude:
wholesalers, agents, retailers and others.
The agricultural products go through all these people before
they get to the final consumers. Unfortunately, as it passes
through each middleman, the price increases and only the
consumers bears the brunt.
4. Lack of Credit Facilities
In Nigeria, it is very difficult for local farmers toaccesscredit
facilities made availablebythegovernmentandonoccasions
where such funds are accessible, it is not enough to meet the
farmers' needs.
At the end, the farmers resort to borrowing money from
private money lenders unfavorable conditions which thus
affects the prices of agricultural products asthefarmersalso
try to earn profits while trying to repay loans from the
proceeds.
5. Inconsiderate Revenue Collection
The government subjectfarmerstoharshrevenuecollection.
This trend is practiced in most states of the country. The
farmers are expected to pay hugeamountsofmoneyinevery
state they pass through with their products. This affects the
Agricultural sector greatly.
6. Lack Of Storage Facilities
Most agricultural products are perishable. Their production
is also seasonal but they are demanded throughout the year.
This implies that agricultural products require to be stored
properly so that they can be made available to consumers at
all times.
The farmers in Nigeria lack storage facilities. Lack of the
required storage facilities pushes the farmers to sell their
products as early as possible, so as to avoid spoilage, even if
it means selling at a very cheap.
7. Unstable Measurement System
In various parts of the country, the way in whichagricultural
products are measured when being sold differs and this
affects agricultural marketing in Nigeria.
8. Lack of Market Information
Most farmers in Nigeria are illiterates and know nothing
about the market conditions. Thus mostfarmersare notable
to determine the real prices of theirproductsandareusually
not aware of new trends in agriculture as they are not
exposed to the modern methods of obtaining information.
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Marketing elements that affect the Agricultural Sector Some
marketing elements that have been empirically identified to
influence the performance of the agricultural sectorinclude:
1. Production
2. Distribution
3. Pricing
Various studies, both indevelopedanddevelopingcountries,
have revealed that problems of agricultural marketingcould
have a significant impact on the performance of agricultural
sector. The factors that are regularly reported in the
literature as problems of marketingagricultural produce can
simply be categorized into three: production, distribution
and pricing –related problems (Ejionueme & Nebo, 2014,
Uturu, 2002; Ugwuanyi & Ugwuanyi, 1999; Okuneye, 2012;
Dayo et al, 2009, Kohl & Uhl, 2002).
Production –related problems: Refers to the problems
related to the production of agricultural produce. Which are
Land tenure system, soil infertility,fire,flood,harshweather,
pests and lack of agricultural inputssuchascapital,fertilizer,
improved seedlings and advanced technology.
Distribution-related problems:Theseareconstraintsrelated
to transfer of products‟ titles among channel members or
marketing such as transport systems, storage and market
facilities that help the movement of agricultural products
from farm to the final consumers.
Price-related problems: These are problems related to
pricing of agricultural produce such as high productioncost,
distribution and farmers‟ inability to control prices due to
perish ability, and the seasonal nature of agricultural
products.
Recommendations
It is obvious that marketing principles and practices plays a
major vital and indispensable role in the life of every
business organisation especially in agricultural sector. The
study proffers the following recommendation to enhance
effective and efficient marketing practice by agricultural
sector of Nigeria for economic growth and sustainable
development:-
1. Farmers and agents have suggested in previous studies
that price stabilization of Agricultural products isoneof
the major remedies for satisfying consumers of
agricultural produce. They feel this can take a form of
inter-seasonal stabilization which is advised by paying
less than market prices in season of relatively high
prices, also, surplus is gained which is used to make up
the price in the season of low market prices.
2. It's also recommended that community market outlets
are established, which will play a majorroleinthesocio-
economic development of the agricultural produce.
Some of these organisations have been set up by
farmers, excluding their control over the commodities
they sell beyond the boundaries of their farms.
3. For consumers needs to be effectively met, a huge effort
should be made by the governmentand privatesectorto
develop the rural areas in order to ease production and
distribution of agricultural products.
4. So as to reduce the problems of waste and dubious
tendencies, government should improve on the
standardization and grading in the various markets.
5. There should be improvement in agricultural trade fair
activities where farmers and producers of agricultural
produce meet to showcase their products for
transactions purposes.
6. The government shouldprovidefarmerswithfertilizers,
improved seedlings, adequate storage facilities and
modern equipment, to enhance the production of
agricultural products.
7. The government should alsoprovidethebasicamenities
to both the rural and urban areas. Amenities like, access
roads, power and good water supply. This will go a long
way in boosting the agricultural sector performance.
8. Government should also organize a training program,
which will aid in educating the farmers on the best
marketing practices to adopt. The resource persons
should be trained and specialized in Agricultural
marketing.
9. Government should also ensure that the incentives
made available for the local farmers gets to themdevoid
of bureaucratic bottlenecks.
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