This document provides a history of marketing from its origins to modern times. It begins with the simple trade era before the 1800s when everything was made by hand. It then outlines the major eras of marketing evolution: the production era focused on availability and affordability; the product era emphasized quality; the sales era stressed promotion and advertising; the marketing era centered the customer; and current relationship marketing aims to satisfy customers through superior value and long-term relationships. The document traces developments in marketing communications from early print to modern digital and mobile channels.

1. TOPIC- MARKETING HISTORY
PRESENTED BY- MAHIMA SURI
BBM-4TH SEMESTER
157517

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY OF MARKETING
MARKETING EVOLUTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
“Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and
processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and
exchanging offerings that have value for customers,
clients, partners, and society at large.”

4. MARKETING HISTORY
• Marketing had a longer history than most people actually realize.
• In the past 30 years, marketing’s history has accelerated at a very
rapid pace with all of the digital marketing opportunities.
• Today, we, as consumers, are targeted relentlessly through digital
mediums, physical advertisements, and through audible airways in
our everyday lives that we might not even realize all the product and
brand placements that are in place.
• To get back to the roots of marketing, and recap on just how far it has
really come, this is the brief history of marketing.

5. 1450
• The beginning of print marketing – Gutenberg invents moveable type,
making mass printing possible.
1730
• Magazines emerge for a new type of print marketing. The first
magazine created was published in 1731, in London. It was called The
Gentleman’s Magazine and is considered to be the first general-interest
magazine.
1839
• Posters become extremely popular and were banned in London
because they were advertising on private property. In turn, London
began using humans as billboards by wearing sandwich boards with
their advertisement on them.
1867
• This was the year that billboards were starting to be leased.

6. 1922
• On February 1922, AT&T announced that they would be selling
advertising spots on the radio. WEAF of New York aired the first paid
radio commercial.
1941
• The first recorded television advertisement was broadcasted in the
United States on July 1, 1941. The watchmaker Bulova paid $9 for a
placement on WNBT, a New York station before a baseball game
between the Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies.
1946
• The first telephone calls from marketers were made from automobiles.
The Bell System’s – Mobile Telephone Service – inaugural call was
made on June 17th in St. Louis.

7. 1973
• While at Motorola, Dr. Martin Cooper makes the first hand-held
mobile phone call. He is responsible for the development of the
cellular phone and brought it to the market.
1984
• Guerrilla marketing is used to generate buzz and in 1984 guerrilla
marketing become popular through a book called Guerrilla Marketing,
written by Jay Conrad Levinson, who coined the term.
1985
• Desktop publishing makes print advertising even easier by launching
an Apple LaserWriter printer, and later would introduce PageMaker
software from Aldus.

8. 1994
• The first automated, large-scale commercial use of spam was created, which
was advertising their service of enrolling people in a green card lottery. The
U.S. government allocated a limited quantity of green cards to certain non-
citizens, so these lawyers offered to do the necessary paperwork for free.
1995
• Yahoo! was launched as a search engine on March 1st. Alta Vista search was
launched as an internet search engine on December 15th by Yahoo!.
1996
• First recorded use of the term search engine optimization (SEO). Webmasters
began optimizing sites for search engines. Initially, all a webmaster had to do
was submit the URL to the search engines to have them crawl it.
1998
• Google was launched as a search engine. MSN search engine was launched.

9. 2003
• MySpace was founded in August. LinkedIn was launched on May 5th.
Can-Spam Act was signed on December 16th. This act was the first
national standard for the sending of commercial emails.
2004
• Facebook founded in February. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg
with his college roommates. Facebook was initially created for
connecting between college students.
2005
• Google begins personalized search results. When a user is logged into
a Google Account, all of his or her searches on Google Search are
recorded for their web history and will help for a better user
experience by personalizing searches.

10. 2006
• Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey. The original
name before twitter was twitter.
2009
• Google Instant is a feature that displays suggested results while the
user is typing in their search query and launched in 2009.
2011
• Google+ is a social network and identity service and launched on
June 28th. Google Panda was a change in Google’s search results
ranking algorithm that was first released in February 2011.

11. MARKETING EVOLUTION

12. 1.SIMPLE TRADE ERA
• This era began around the beginning of time and lasted to the mid
1800's.
• Everything that was available was made or harvested by hand.
• Exploration was the main focus of the economy at the time, and so
was trade.
• Everything was in limited supply because of the fact that most things
were hand made and harvested.
Main focus of the economy at the
time, and so was trade.

13. 2. PRODUCTION ERA: The prevailing attitude and approach of the
production orientation era was -“consumers favor products that are
available and highly affordable” .
• The mantra for marketing success was to “Improve production and
distribution”.
• The rule was “availability and affordability is what the customer
wants”.
• The era was marked by narrow product-lines; pricing system based
on the costs of production and distribution, limited research,
primary aim of the packaging was to protect the product, minimum
promotion.
• Advertising meant, “Promoting products with a lesser quality”.
. Production era: ‘Cut costs. Profits will take care of themselves’

14. 3. PRODUCT ERA: The attitude changed slowly and approach shifted
from production to product and from the quantity to quality.
• The prevailing attitude of this period was that consumers favor
products that offer the most quality, performance and innovative
features and the mantra for marketers was ‘A good product will sell
itself’, so does not need promotion.
Product era: ‘A good product will sell itself’

15. 4. SALES ORIENTATION ERA: The increased competition and
variety of choices / options available to customers changed the
marketing approach and now the attitude was
“Consumers will buy products only if the company promotes/ sells
these products”.
• This era indicates rise of advertising and the focus of marketers
was “Creative advertising and selling will overcome consumers’
resistance and convince them to buy”.
Sales era: ‘Selling is laying the bait for the customer’

16. 5.MARKETING ORIENTATION ERA: The shift from
production to product and from product to customers later
manifested in the Marketing Era which focused on the
“needs and wants of the customers” and the main focus of
marketers was ” ‘The consumer is king! Find a need and fill
it’.
• The approach is shifted to delivering satisfaction better
than competitors are.
Marketing era: ‘The customer is King!’

17. 6.RELATIONSHIP MARKETING ORIENTATION ERA: This is
the modern approach of marketing.
• Today’s marketer focuses on needs/ wants of target markets and aims
at delivering superior value.
• The focus of a successful marketer is ‘Long-term relationships with
customers and other partners lead to successes
Relationship marketing era: ‘Relationship with customers determine our firm’s
future’

18. 7. MOBILE MARKETING ERA- This era is all about real-time
connections with the customers.
• Seeing as how most people these days have some sort of smart phone
this is a really smart concept.
• If you make it so that your ads can be seen on mobile devices, the
amount of people that view them will increase exponentially.
• This is more of a conceptual stage, but it is being used today.
Real-time connections with the
customers.

19. CONCLUSION

20. REFERENCES
• marketingtype.weebly.com/simple-trade-era.
• htmldstevenwhite.com/2010/06/18/the-evolution-of-marketing/