The document outlines the design and construction of the Marina Barrage in Singapore. It was built across the Marina Channel to create a reservoir and address flooding issues. Some key points: - It serves as a water supply source, provides flood control, and is a lifestyle attraction. - Nine crest gates were installed to block seawater. Over 850 piles support the barrage structure. - Environmental features include a green roof, solar panels, and sustainable materials and technologies. - The interior design maximizes natural light, ventilation and reuse of materials to reduce energy usage.

1. Chan Shu Wen Kimberly, Chua Hui Xuan Michelle, Chua Hui Xin Amanda,
Ng Jing Xiu, Tan Zhi Qian Nathalie, Tan Yi Zhen
Marina Barrage
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2. Presentation Outline
1) Introduction
2) Layout and Planning of the Development
3) Site Context
4) Interior Layout
5) Architectural Detailing
6) Learning Points
7) Conclusion
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Introduction
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4. Background of the Development
“In 20 years, it is possible that there could be breakthroughs
in technology, both antipollution and filtration. Then we can
dam up, or put a barrage at the mouth of the Marina, the
neck that joins the sea. And we will have a huge fresh water
lake.“
- Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew
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5. Background of the Development
• Dam built across the Marina Channel between Marina East and
Marina South
• Officially opened on 1st
November 2008
• Singapore’s 15th reservoir
• 1st reservoir in the city
• Architect: Architects Team 3
• Constructed by Koh Brothers
Building Civil Engineering
Contractor Pte. Ltd.
• Project cost: S$226 million
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6. Background of the Development
• Part of Singapore’s National Climate Change Strategy
– Global temperatures projected to rise by
1.1°C to 6.4°C
– Global mean sea levels projected to rise
by 18 cm to 59 cm over 1990 levels by
around 2100
– Temperature extremes, heat waves and
heavy rainfall events projected to
become more frequent
– Annual rainfall in Southeast Asia projected to
increase by about 7%
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7. Background of the Development
• Singapore’s vulnerability to climate change
– Relatively low-lying, densely populated island in the tropics
– Potential impacts of climate change on Singapore include:
1) Increased flooding
2) Coastal land loss
3) Water resource scarcity
4) Public health impact
from resurgence of diseases
5) Heat stress
6) Increased energy demand
7) Impacts on biodiversity
• Marina Barrage one of the existing measures to help
address potential climate change impacts
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8. Design Intention
• Water supply
• Flood Control
• Lifestyle Attraction
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Introduction
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9. Design Intention
1) Water Supply
• Increase local water supply source, which is one of the
Four National Taps
• Local water catchment area increased to two-thirds by
2011 when Marina, Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs are
completed
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10. Design Intention
1) Water Supply
• 9 crest gates built across 350m wide Marina Channel to keep out
seawater
• Marina Basin will turn into a body of freshwater through natural
flushing in 1 to 2 years
– Similar to Kranji and Lower Seletar Reservoir schemes
• Freshwater treated using advanced membrane technology
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11. Design Intention
2) Flood Control
• Part of a comprehensive
flood control scheme
• Alleviate flooding in
low-lying areas in the city
• Separates seawater from
freshwater and acts as tidal
barrier to keep out high
tides 11
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12. Design Intention
3) Lifestyle attraction
• Water in the Marina Basin will
be unaffected by the tides
- Water level will be constant
all year round
• Ideal venue for various recreational
land and water activities
• Venue for many international and
local sporting events and activities
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13. Architectural Concept
• Designed on green principles
• Number ‘9’
shape
• Resembles
a seashell
and sails of
a ship
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14. Architectural Concept
• Designed to be attractive
and able to blend into the
prime location
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16. Structural System
Crest Gates
• Barrage consists of
9 crest gates
• Each gate 30m tall,
5m high, weighs 70
tonnes
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17. Structural System
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18. • Barrage structure supported
by approximately 850 bored
piles
• Each between 1 and 1.5m in
diameter and up to 74m deep
Structural System
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19. Roof Canopy
• Structure covers an area of 383sqm
• Consists of 2 curve arches of different radii
• Supported via 3 inclined steel columns and 2 supported end frames
•
Structural System
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20. Construction System
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21. • Completion at end of 2008
• 2 phases
• Construct 2 temporary cofferdams to
facilitate construction of barrage in
the dry
• Engage independent professional
engineer to counter-check design
Construction System
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22. • 9 crest gates for blocking out tides
-Lifted from a barge and lowered onto the concrete
bedding with nine pivots
• Precision engineering
-Tolerance for mistakes was
2 millimetres for centerline
of the nine pivot pins of each
crest gate
Construction System
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23. •Floating cranes that are used to install the 70-
tonne gates, nine pivot pins were then used to lock
the gate in place.
Construction System
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24. Building Services
• Reservoir, provide water supply
• Flood control for low-lying areas
• Lifestyle attraction for Singaporeans
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Introduction
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25. • Home to Singapore’s largest solar park
covering 1,200 square metres
• Sustainable Singapore Gallery educates the
public on important environmental and water
issues through interactive multi media
displays, exhibits and games
Building Services
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26. Air Conditioning
• Energy efficient air-conditioning system used for its
function rooms
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27. Air conditioning
• Green roof (650 sq m)
• Double-glazed glass panels
• Insulation to reduce heat penetration and
minimize energy consumption of the air-
conditioning
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28. • Automatic sprinkler at green roof
- Prevents grasses from catching fire
due to the blazing sun
• Automatic fire alarm system around
Marina Barrage and gallery
• Engineered smoke control system
Fire-Protection System
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30. Environmental Impact of the Green
Environment Development
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31. • The Marina Barrage was officially opened, together
with the launch of the annual Clean and Green
Singapore
“In 10 years, Singapore will have many waterways
and park connectors, creating more recreational
areas and an aesthetic environment. Future
generations must keep this city beautiful,
distinctive.”
- Minister Mentor
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Introduction
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32. Green features at Marina Barrage:
1. Energy Efficient
The Green Roof
• An eco-friendly feature; grass-
carpeted roof
• Acts as natural heat insulation
• Double-glazed glass panels to
reduce heat penetration
• 100% recycled plastics and eco-
friendly drainage cells
* energy savings of 1102 MWh
per year! *
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33. Drainage pumps
• Job: to drain out excess water during flooding
• Leverage on the siphon effect that occurs shortly
after the pumps’ activation, so less energy is used
*energy savings of 105 MWh per year!* 33
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34. Close-up of solar panels
Solar Park
• 405 solar panels
• Generates about
50% of the
daytime
electricity
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35. Green features at Marina Barrage:
2. Water Efficient
• A rainwater collection system
• The automated irrigation sprinkler system on the rooftop
is linked to rain sensors
• Water-efficient fixtures such as waterless urinals and
water-efficient taps 35
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36. • Green Mark Platinum Infrastructure Award
the top award at the annual BCA Awards
organised by the Building and Construction
Authority (BCA)
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Introduction
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37. Building form
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38. Pump house
Contains 7 massive water pumps →
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39. • Curvilinear curtain wall
suspend above the
ground like a cliff face
• Hovers protectively
over ground storey;
serving as a shade for
ground storey in hot
sunny days
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40. • Made up mainly of perforated aluminum cladding (good
reflector of heat)
• Combination of grilles and louvers, designed to facilitate air
movement
• Sun shading are heavily used
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41. • Main discharge
channel in
courtyard is
turned into a
water feature
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42. Fountain
- Water signifies health
and wealth
- Water shoots up and
flows back into the
fountain
- Signifies bringing health
and wealth into the
building
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43. Exploration of Building's Material
and Aesthetic considerations
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44. • Roof garden with
view of the
Singapore Flyer
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45. • Influence of Modern
Movement - concrete
and steel construction
method
• Usage of water
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46. • Rocks and stones
collected on site during
construction were re-
used as building
materials
• 100% recycled plastics
and eco-friendly
drainage cells are used
on the Green Roof
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48. Interior Layout
• Concrete
Floor & Ceiling
– Advantages:
• Versatile: Poles & columns have
intricate line designs
• Durable & Low maintenance
• Fire resistant
• Environmentally sustainable
• Energy efficiency
• Cost less in the long run
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49. Interior Design: Materials
• 2 Materials
• 3 Textures: lines, rocks, stones
• Distinctive texture & beauty
• Wall is patterned: tiles of different sizes
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50. Interior Layout: Ceiling
• Ceiling
Creases & folds
– Increase surface area to lose
heat in the day
– Expansion and contraction
• Reduce formation of cracks
• Structural stability
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51. Interior layout – Double glazed glass
In the DAY, building can be lit
up by natural sunlight At NIGHT, light penetrates
from the inside,
minimizing need for street
lamps
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52. Interior Layout: Glass
• Incorporate passive-energy-conserving
strategies responsive to local climate
• Transparent:
– sense of generous space
– vantage view of internal facilities
• Double glazed glass panels with vacuum
in between
– Reduce heat penetration
– Minimizing energy consumption
– Futuristic and elegant look
• Reflective
– Minimize mid-day sun
• Heavily tinted
– Reduce the amount of heat entering
• Natural light
 Save energy and cost Sustainable
Building 52
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53. • Use of design-
screened glass dividers
•Resulting in opacity
and a sense of privacy
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54. Interior Design
• Advanced green building
technologies
• Integrated façade devices to
shade the building from solar
gains and glare
• Open space
– Natural lighting
– Natural Ventilation: Healthy,
comfortable and productive
– Optimize use & flexibility of spaces
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55. Interior Design
• Water
Fountain
• Reconnect with environment
• Emotional and therapeutic
benefits that nature provides
– Sounds of water
– Children’s laughter
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56. Interior Layout
• Internal structures create an
Earth-look-alike picture
• Interior layout
– Ecologically & socially
responsive
– Raise awareness of
environmental issues
– Energy-conservation
– Sustainability practices
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57. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition Gallery
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58. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition Gallery
• 5 dimensional: Light, sound, 3D visual
– Use of water sounds, natural sound in the gallery
and lighting
– Emphasize on the LED Lighting used to give a
futuristic, vibrant feeling, wide selection of colour
– High ceiling: Less enclosed
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59. Sustainable Singapore Gallery (SSG)
• Purpose: Environmental
sustainability
• Sustainable:
– Clean air
– Affordable water
– Quality living environment
• Spectacular sensory experience
• Timeline gallery
– Singapore’s efforts towards
environmental sustainability
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60. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 1
• Current environmental challenges
• “Organic Tree”
• Colour switches from:
– blue to red to green
• Uncertain state of environment
Selection of colors:
– colors can transmit messages
• Feature wall: NEWater bottles
– NEWater: treated wastewater
• Sustainable water supply
• 3-Dimensional: Visual and Texture
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61. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 2
• Story of the Singapore
River:
– polluted to a clean water
way
• Environmental story of
Singapore
• Use of reflective
materials: Mirrors
– Modernized and futuristic
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62. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 3
• Active, Beautiful,
Clean waters
programme
• Aim:
– Raise awareness of
water-conservation
– Public responsibility
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63. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 4
• Innovative barrage model
demostration
– Details the intricate
construction & operations of
the dam
• Deeper understanding of
underlying mechanisms
• Educational tool
– Man-environment interactions
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64. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 5
• Jewel box
• Sustainability from different
angles:
– Industrialization
– Waste management
– Housing
– Commerce
– Nature
• Careful planning and management
– Limited land
– Maximize potential
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65. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition Gallery 5
• Blue LED lighting
– Symbolizes water
• 71% earth surface
– Create transformational
experience
– Calm and soothing color
– Creates a conducive
environment
• Environmentally sustainable
practices
• Intervene and resolve
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66. Sustainable Singapore Exhibition
Gallery 6
• Steadfast commitment in caring
for the environment:
– 3P
• Interactive walkway to engage
people
• Futuristic feel
– “journey to the future”
• Memorable experience
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68. Special green architectural features
• Solar Park
• Double-glazed
glass panels
Green Roof
• Rainwater
Collection System
• Automated
Irrigation
• Water-efficient
flushing systems
Water
Sustainability
• Garden City
• Waterscape
designs
Ecological
Landscape
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69. 1. Iconic Green Roof
Green Roof
• Natural heat insulation
• Reduces indoor temperature by approximately 3°C
Double-glazed Glass Panels
• Reduces heat penetration
• Minimizes energy consumption of air-con system
Solar Park
• Green renewable energy
• Reduces daytime electricity demands by 50%
• Powers some of the barrage’s public spaces
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70. 2. Water Sustainability Design
Rainwater Collection System
• Harnesses rainwater to meet the irrigation requirements
• Supports water independence
Automated Irrigation Sprinkler System
• Linked to rain sensors that will be deactivate the system
when it rains
Water-saving Flushing systems
• Waterless urinals
• Water-efficient taps
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71. 3. Ecological Landscape
Singapore’s Garden City Reputation
• Connects a tropical botanical park to the city, extending
from downtown and along the reservoir
PUB: “Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters”
• Transform infrastructural waterways  Central Courtyard
and Community Play areas
• Learn water conservation methods through play
interaction
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73. Family Outings
- Lifestyle attraction right at the heart of the city
Educational Field Trips
- Community education on important environmental &
water issues
Photography excursions
- Aesthetic Features
Site Observation
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74. Similar Architectural Features - ADM
• Helical Grass Roof
• 2 interlocking spirals
• Extensive use of glass panels
• Fountain in courtyard
• Curvilinear shape
• Illusion of a bigger area
Marina Barrage ADM
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76. Prizes won
• Green Platinum Award in new
Green Mark category introduced at
the annual Building and Construction
Authority (BCA) Awards
• ASEAN Outstanding Engineering Achievement
Award
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77. Prizes won
• Superior Achievement Award at the American Academy
of Environmental Engineers (AAEE)’s Excellence in
Environmental Engineering competition
• Grand Conceptor Award at the American Council of
Engineering Companies of Massachusetts' 2009
Engineering Excellence Awards
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78. Conclusion
• New scenic icon that graces Singapore’s city
skyline with numerous benefits
– Educational, practical benefits and lifestyle hot spot
• Important milestone in efforts
to maximise Singapore’s
rainwater harvesting capacity
and to create a sustainable
water supply
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79. Conclusion
The End
Thank You! (:
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