Tsukuba global science week 2018 Worshop CiC - Isabela Battistello Espindola presentation Management of transboundary water resources in South America - CIC La Plata Basin

1. MANAGEMENT OF
TRANSBOUNDARY
WATER RESOURCES
IN SOUTH AMERICA
2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
C O N T R I B U T I O N S O F T H E C O O R D I N A T I N G
I N T E R G O V E R N M E N T A L C O M M I T T E E O F
T H E C O U N T R I E S O F T H E L A P L A T A
B A S I N ( C I C )

2. PRESENTATION
OUTLINE
2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
WATER OUTLOOK
01
2030 AGENDA AND SGD6
02
PHD RESEARCH
03
HIGHLIGHTS
04

3. WATER OUTLOOK
2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
Global water distribution
Why study water?01
Where's water going?
02
World water resources03
Transboundary water
04
05

4. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
WHY STUDY WATER?
Water is a key element of life for
everyone on Earth.
As the world’s population grows, the
demand for water mounts and pressure
on finite water resources intensifies.
Climate change, which is also closely
tied to population growth, will also lead
to greater pressures on the availability
of water resources.
More than 2 billion people are living
with the risk of reduced access to
freshwater resources and by 2050.

5. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
GLOBAL WATER DISTRIBUTION
(USGS Water Science School, 2018)

6. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
WORLD WATER RESOURCES
(FAO, 2018)
South America
28%
Asia (S+E)
27%
North America
15%
CAC
2%
Europe (W+C)
5%
Oceania Pacific
2%
Africa
9%
Europe (E)
11%
Near East
1%

7. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
WHERE’S WATER GOING?
Industry
20%
Domestic
10%
Agriculture
70%
(PWC, 2016)

8. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
TRANSBOUNDARY WATER
153
Countries are sharing water
bodies (rivers, lakes, basin and
aquifers)
(International River Basin Register, 2018; WWAP/UN-Water, 2018)
310
International river basins

9. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

10. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
2030 AGENDA AND SDG6
(UN-Water, 2018)
The goal is to ensure access to safe water sources and
sanitation for all.
01
Water scarcity affects more than 40% of the global population and is
projected to rise.
02
Because access to water is a human right, yet billions are still faced
with daily challenges accessing even the most basic of services.
03
Water related diseases remain among the major causes of death
in children under five.
04

11. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
2030 AGENDA AND SDG6
(UN-Water, 2018)

12. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

13. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
2030 AGENDA AND SDG6
(UN-Water, 2018)
01 40% of the world population (WWAP/UN-Water, 2018)
02
14 transboundary river basins with the highest levels of economic
dependence are home to 1.4 billion people
03
An “operational arrangement” is defined as a treaty,
convention, agreement or other formal arrangement
SDG indicator 6.5.2 measures the proportion of transboundary basin
area within a country covered by an operational arrangement, including
the area of river and lake basins and aquifers.
04

14. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

15. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

16. PHD RESEARCH
2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
01 Transboundary water management
02
La Plata Basin

17. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
TRANSBOUNDARY
WATER MANAGEMENT
01
Water rules
Water uses
02
Territory03

18. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
TRANSBOUNDARY
WATER MANAGEMENT
Countries highlight the challenges in developing
transboundary cooperative arrangements as
including: power asymmetries among countries;
fragmentation in national legal, institutional and
administrative frameworks; lack of financial,
human and technical capacity; and poor data
availability.
All countries have at least started implementing
various aspects of IWRM (indicator 6.5.1) since
the 1992 United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development where Members
States called for more integration among the
water and water-using sectors

19. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
THE LA PLATA BASIN
It is described in international law as an
international water body, and has been jointly
administered by Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
Paraguay and Uruguay.
Is the second largest basin in South America,
after the Amazon Basin.
Tributaries of the La Plata Basin flow through
five countries and collect waters from a diverse
range of environments.
The waters in these rivers provide a wide range
of important services including: domestic,
industrial and agricultural uses; hydroelectric
power generation; regional transport and; as a
receiver of industrial and urban effluents.

20. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

21. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
THE LA PLATA
BASIN
With a population of more than 110
million people, it covers an area of more
than three million square kilometers and
is responsible for the production of 70%
of GDP.
Agriculture is the main economic activity
developed in the La Plata Basin
Is one of the most frequently cited
examples for transboundary water with
the potential for cooperation among
riparian countries.
(CIC, 2016; 2017)

22. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K

23. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
HIGHLIGHTS
H1
Water cooperation in an integral
factor in conflict prevention,
peacebuilding, reconciliation
processes and to ensure
sustainable development.
H2
How to implement efficient
water cooperation among
States?
H3 This two opposites ends of a
continuum actually coexists
H4
Transboundary water
relations represent complex
instances of conflict and
cooperation.
The purpose of analyzing the
transboundary water relationship
along the La Plata Basin is to
explore the nuances that make
this international water an
example to other transboundary
basins.

24. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

25. 2 0 1 8 T S U K U B A G L O B A L S C I E N C E W E E K
THANKS
PHONE
EMAIL
FAPESP
USP
+55 11 9 66262614
isaespindola@hotmail.com
2017_17997-9
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