It is important to keep blood sugar levels within target range to prevent long-term health issues like heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease. Checking blood sugar regularly with a glucose meter or continuous glucose monitor can help achieve this. Target levels before meals are 80-130 mg/dL and under 180 mg/dL two hours after starting a meal. Low blood sugar under 70 mg/dL should be treated right away with a quick-acting carbohydrate to raise glucose levels. Maintaining a healthy diet, weight, and exercise routine can also help manage blood sugar long-term.