1. LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER OF RABIT URINE AND UREA ASSESSMENT
TOWARD BOTH GROWTH AND MUSTARD HARVEST
Dwita Indrarosa
Balai Besar Pelatihan Peternakan Jl. Songgoriti 24 Batu, Telp. (0341) 591302
ABSTRACT
Assessment carried out in Practice Land National Animal Husbandry Training Center
Batu City, East Java from February till March 2013. Assessment using a Randomized
Block Design, with 7 treatment was repeated four times, using urea fertilizer and
Organic Liquid Fertilizer (POC) Rabbit. Objectives of the assessment were to: (a).
Determine the effect of urea fertilizer and POC rabbits on growth and yield of mustard
plants; (b) To determine the optimal dose of POC with results equivalent to the use of
urea fertilizer. Use of Urea respectively 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, and the use of urine to the
composition of 100 ml, 200 ml and 300 ml: A (control, without fertilization), B (Urea 5
gram / polybag), C (Urea 10 grams / polybag, D (Urea 15 g / polybag), E (POC rabbit
100 ml / polybag), F (POC rabbit 200 ml / polybag), G (POC rabbit 300 ml / polybag).
Mustard plant used as an plant indicator. Planting in polybags of 40 x 20 cms with
planting in soil and compost with a ratio of 1:1. Soil and POC rabbit were analysed in
Department of Chemistry Soil Brawijaya University of Malang. Variables measured
were: plant height (cm) and number of leaves (were observed every two weeks till
harvest), plant canopy, root- length (cm) and yield (grams). Data were analyzed with F-

2. test, If there are differences between the treatment done further test Duncan's Multiple
Range Test (α = 5%). Study showed that the highest fresh weight not significantly
different in the treatment of urea fertilizer in treatment B (1003.3 grams), C (1006.7
grams), D (1008.3 grams), while treatment with POC produce wet weight lower and not
significantly different for all treatment that is E (616.7 grams), F (620 grams), G (621.7
grams).
Keywords: Urea, Urine POC Rabbit, Mustard, Batu city
Farming system by using chemical fertilizer continuously can cause the degradation of
the quality of soil so that organic fertilizer is needed to recover the farming farm.
According
to
the
government
regulation
of
Republic
of
Indonesia
No.70
/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011, organic fertilizer derives from dead vegetations, organic or
inorganic waste and waste of cattle which fermented in both of solid or liquid process
and added microbe also mineral during the process of fermentation. Lingga ( 1995)
stated that the finest structure of soil can support the growth of root to penetrate the soil
through the pore of land to absorb the water, nutrients and minerals in the soil.
Rabbit’s urine as organic fertilizer contains N 4%, P2O5 2,8%, K2O 1,2% are relative
higher than cow’s urine fertilizer (N 1,21%, P2O5 0,65%, K2O 1,6%) and goat’s urine
fertilizer (N 1,47%, P2O5 0,05%, K2O 1,96%) ( Balittanah, 2006).

3. Some results of researches showed that the using of rabbit’s urine as organic fertilizer
has proved good crops of vegetables, cabbages, string beans, red beans, mustards,
potatoes and strawberries.
Noor et. al (1996) stated that using rabbit’s waste in
assorted vegetables in South Sulawesi could increase the productivity of babycorns 2,1
%, cabbages 11,8%, string beans 12,5%, red beans 22,7% and potatoes 5,5%.
Research of Mappanganro et. al (2011) at strawberries showed that the using of rabbit’s
urine as organic fertilizer could give the best productivity and also during the growing
period among organic liquid fertilizer of catle, goat, and chicken waste. Vimala et al
(2010) stated that the organic farming system on mustards could produce
8-15
tons/hectare fresh weigh.
Mustard plants can grow well on low land and upland, 5 – 1200 m above sea level. And
the temperature 4-35 C, the precipitation 300- 350 mm during the plant growing period,
the minimum depth of the soil 25 cms, texture of the soil is good, the pH of soil 5,2-8,2
with maximum pH 6,0- 7,0 (Jaenuddin et. al. , 2000). Mustard caisim could be harvested
after 30 – 35 days after seeding with potential of productivity 20-25 ton / hectare. The
leaves are oval, thick , rather round shape, least fibrous, straight, and the color of the
leaves is green and the stalk is light green.
Materials and Method
Assessment carried out in Practice Land National Animal Husbandry Training Center
Batu City, East Java from February till March 2013. Assessment using a Randomized

4. Block Design, with 7 treatment was repeated four times, using urea fertilizer and
Organic Liquid Fertilizer (POC) Rabbit. Objectives of the assessment were to: (a).
Determine the effect of urea fertilizer and POC rabbits on growth and yield of mustard
plants; (b) To determine the optimal dose of POC with results equivalent to the use of
urea fertilizer. Use of Urea respectively 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, and the use of urine to the
composition of 100 ml, 200 ml and 300 ml: A (control, without fertilization), B (Urea 5
gram / polybag), C (Urea 10 grams / polybag, D (Urea 15 g / polybag), E (POC rabbit
100 ml / polybag), F (POC rabbit 200 ml / polybag), G (POC rabbit 300 ml / polybag).
Mustard plant used as an plant indicator. Planting in polybags of 40 x 20 cms with
planting in soil and compost with a ratio of 1:1. Soil and POC rabbit were analysed in
Department of Chemistry Soil Brawijaya University of Malang. Variables measured
were: plant height (cm) and number of leaves (were observed every two weeks till
harvest), plant canopy, root- length (cm) and yield (grams) (Table1 )

5. Table 1. Treatment of rabbit’s urine as organic fertilizer and urea fertilizer
Urea
No
Perlakuan
(Number)
POC
(gr/polybag)
(ml/polybag)
(Treatment)
hst, DAP
7
14
7
14
1
A
0
0
0
0
2
B
2.5 gr
2.5
0
0
3
C
5.0
5.0
0
0
4
D
7.5
7.5
0
0
5
E
0
0
50
50
6
F
0
0
100
100
7
G
0
0
150
150
Organic liquid fertilizer is used made from rabbit’s urine fermentation, contains pH 6,9
C-Organic 1.19 % and
total of N 12,33%. Macro nutrient P, K, Ca and Mg each
consists of 0,04 %, 0,06% 0,55%, 0,26 % and 0,04 and micro Fe 1,28 and Mn 13,20 (
Table 2).

6. Table 2. Analysis Results of POC
Komponen
No
Hasil Analisis
Analisis
1
pH
6,9
2
C Organik (%)
1,19
3
N Total
12,33
4
P
0,04
5
K
0,60
6
Na
0,55
7
Ca
0,26
8
Mg
0,04
9
Fe
1,28
10
Mn
13,20
Resource : Department of chemistry soil of Brawijaya University in Malang, 2013
Variables measured were: plant height (cm) and number of leaves (were observed
every two weeks till harvest), plant canopy, root- length (cm) and yield (grams). Data
were analyzed with F-test and testing by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (α =
5%).(Gomez dan Gomez, 1993).
Result s and Discussion

7. Analysis of soil has done in Soil Chemistry Laboratory of the University of
Brawijaya (Table 3) in which a neutral pH (pH 7.3 H2O; 1N KCl pH 7.0) and high
organic C (4.99%), N medium (0.48%), P medium (107.66%) and very high K (15.3).

8. Table 3. Results of Soil Analysis, 2013
Component of
No
Results
Criteria
Soil Analysis
1
pH H2O
7,3
Netral
2
pH KCl 1N
7,0
Netral
3
C Organik (%)
4,99
High
4
N Total (%)
0,48
Medium
5
C/N
10
Low
6
P Olsen (mg kg-1)
107,55
Medium
7
K (cmol (+) kg-1
15,3
Very high
8
Na (cmol (+) kg-1
8,3
Very high
9
Ca (cmol (+) kg-1
16,3
High
10
Mg (cmol (+) kg-1
1
Low
11
KTK (cmol (+) kg-1
41,7
Very high
12
Texture
Clay
13
Sand
29
14
Dast
47
15
Clay
24
16
Levels of base saturation
40,9
Resource : Department of chemistry soil of Brawijaya University in Malang, 2013

9. In this research the Soil texture is clay. Islami and Utomo ( 1995), stated that soil
texture is very dominant to provide nutrients for plants. Soil texture has many aspects
such as solubility of nutrients, air circulation, specific surface, weight of volume of the
soil and compressibility of soil. Clay is very weak to absorb water. Commonly, the
texture is sticky during in wet condition and it becomes broken into more small fraction
during in dry condition.
C-organic showed 4.99%, in high classification. Organic fertilizer has ability to
recover the physical characteristic of soil (Harjowigeno, 1987). Nitrogen content 0.48%
is in medium category. P-Olsen content 107,55 % in medium category, too. K content
15.3% in very high category, this K form as an positive ion. Kallium is absorbed by root
of plants as kation K+. Plants need macro nutrient ( Nitrogen, Phosphor and Kalium )
for growing. Lacking one of nutrient is able to hamper the supply nutrient of other
nutrient.
CEC growing media included in the category is as high as 41.7%. The condition
of high CEC in planting media is expected to increase the ability of soil to hold nutrients
that are not easily washed away by water (leaching) and become available to plants.
This is according to Hardjowigeno (1987) that the CEC is a chemical component that is
closely related to soil fertility. Soil with a high CEC is able to absorb and provide
nutrients better than soil with a lower CEC.

10. The Effects Of Treatment On Agronomic Component
Collards are leafy vegetables are very response to nitrogen fertilizer, especially
with the response shown in plant height and number of leaves. According Palimbungan
et.al. (2006), the liquid fertilizer in an amount corresponding to the needs of the plant
support the optimal plant growth which led to the division, enlargement and elongation
of the cells will be fast which resulted in some fast-growing plant organs.
The effect of treatment on height of plants and the number of leaves which were
observed for 4 times, starting from 14 DAP, 21 DAP, 28 DAP ,35 DAP respectively after
planting,(Table 4).
Table 4. The results of data analysis toward the number of leaves and height of plants
Plant height
Number of leaves
Treat(DAP, cm)
ment
14
21
28
35
14
21
28
35
A
7,83 a
17,10 ab
13,03 a
20,1 b
5,5 a
11,0 b
12,2 a
15,2 a
B
7,33 a
19,90 a
18,5 a
27,3 a
6,0 a
13,0 a
15,0 a
17,8 a
C
7,27a
17,20 ab
22,0 a
27,6 a
5,7 a
12,0 ab
15,2 a
18,0 a
D
7,00 a
18,00 ab
22,9 a
27,6 a
5,2 a
12,0 ab
15,3 a
19,3 a
E
7,90 a
17,00 ab
22,0 a
24,9 ab
6,2 a
10,8 b
15,3 a
18,2 a
F
7,30 a
15,00 b
18,5 a
25,1 ab
6,2 a
9,5 c
15,2 a
18,3 a
G
7,20 a
17,20 ab
20,9 a
25,3 ab
5,5 a
9,7 c
15,2 a
18,5 a
CV (%)
8,9
13,48
32,39
12,15
13,31
5,65
18,19
14,14

11. Note: Figures in the same column followed by the same letter indicates no significant
difference at LSD (α = 5%).
Using high dose organic liquid fertilizer at height of plants E (24,9 cm0, F (25,1
cm) and G ( 25.3) are also higher than control. Harjdjowigeno (2003) stated that the
weakness of organic fertilizer were the low nutrient contents and the effects to the
plants were slow. Yet, the observations to the number of the leaves did not showed
different effect at observation on 14 DAP, 28 DAP, and 35 DAP and only had present
effect on 21 days after planting. And the next observations toward length of canopy,
width of canopy, length of root and fresh weight at harvest (Table 5)

12. Table 5. The results of data analysis toward length of canopy, width of canopy, length of
root and fresh weight at harvest
Treatments
Length of
Width of
canopies
Length of roots
canopies
Fresh
weight
A
22,0 ab
19,0 ab
20,5 b
550 b
B
29,0 a
26,8 a
28,7 a
1003,3 a
C
18,5 b
17,2 b
23,6 ab
1006,7 a
D
27,7 ab
24,3 ab
23,2 ab
1008,3 a
E
28,2 ab
23,9 ab
28,6 a
616,7 b
F
18,3 b
16,5 b
28,1 a
620,0 b
G
23,0 ab
17,5 b
27,7 ab
621,7 b
22,43
20,66
15,12
21,22
CV
Note: The figures in the same column which are followed the same letters show that there are
not prominent different at BNT ( α=5)
Measuring fresh weight carried out at harvest after the plants in 42 days after seeding.
Weighing the fresh weight of plants were done to know the productivity of mustard plant.
The results of the diversity analysis showed that the effect of the dose treatment of
liquid fertilizer gave the prominent effects toward fresh weight of mustard plants. In the
other hand, the fresh weight of plant was not effected by length of canopy, width of
canopy and length of root. The result of analysis showed that highest fresh weight were
not prominent different to the treatments by using urea on treatment B(1003.3 gram, C

13. 1006. 7 gram), D (1008,3 gram) while treatments with organic liquid fertilizer produced
lower fresh weight and there were not prominent treatments for E (616.7 gram), F ( 620
gram ), and G ( 621.7 gram ).
Conclution
1. The highest fresh weight is not significantly different in the treatments of urea fertilizer
in treatments B (1003.3 grams), C (1006.7 grams) D ( 1008.3 grams )
2. Treatments with organic liquid fertilizer produce wet weight lower and not significantly
difference for all treatments in E ( 616.7 gram), F ( 620 grams), G (621.7 grams)

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