MAGNETIC GUAR AND ITS METAL-BINDING PROPERTIES
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The document provides an overview of different technologies for purifying water from hydro-fracking: evaporation, ion-exchange chromatography, reverse osmosis, and nano-technology. It discusses pros and cons of each method and provides details on Frackclean's plugged flow reactor technology. Overall investment and operating costs are estimated to be lower for ion-exchange chromatography compared to reverse osmosis. The conclusion compares the two main methods and notes advantages of ion-exchange chromatography over reverse osmosis.
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Valens is developing chipsets that are compliant with the MIPI A-PHY connectivity standard for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous vehicles. MIPI A-PHY enables zero-latency, high-speed, and long-range connectivity required for the growing number of sensors in vehicles. Valens' VA7000 chipset family is the first to market with A-PHY support. Adoption of the A-PHY standard and Valens' chipsets could simplify vehicle architecture and reduce costs compared to traditional proprietary solutions.
TRENDS IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES AND MARKET DEPLOYMENT
This document discusses trends in autonomous vehicles and provides an outlook for the market. It covers announcements from automakers regarding automated driving features, the development of scenario-defined autonomy at levels 2+ through 4, and fierce competition in the industry. Regulations in Europe, the US, and China that will impact autonomous features are also reviewed. Forecasts show adoption of more advanced driver assistance and autonomous systems increasing substantially in coming years.
OPTIMIZING PIPELINES WITH MACHINE LEARNING DECISION SUPPORT
Willowglen Systems optimized a 400km pipeline with 7 pump stations using machine learning. They gathered 1 year of historical data, developed a predictive model, and tested it live, reducing monthly operating costs by 20-40% (over $1M annually). The model recommends optimal pipeline operations like flow rates and pump settings to maximize throughput while minimizing costs. Willowglen provides decision support solutions combining industrial expertise, data science, and SCADA integration to help pipelines continuously improve operations.
DISCUSSION ON DIGITAL OILFIELD FULL-FIELD OPTIMIZATION
This document summarizes two case studies of companies using the PI System to optimize digital oilfield operations. The first case study describes how Occidental Petroleum used PI System data and analytics to transform their operations from reactive to predictive. The second case study outlines how Eni implemented real-time online modeling of upstream assets using PI System data fed into simulation and optimization algorithms. Both companies leveraged PI System's integrated edge-to-cloud architecture to improve efficiency and reduce costs through predictive analytics.
REMOTE MONITORING & APPLICATION OF NON-TRADITIONAL ENERGY METHODS TO POWER S...
The document discusses using non-traditional energy sources like solar, wind, and Seebeck devices to power remote oil and gas sampling and reporting stations. It notes that Texas is a top producer of both solar and wind energy. The document also discusses using Seebeck devices to harvest energy from pipelines and the potential of hydrogen as a sustainable fuel for powering operations and vehicles.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE END-TO-END OIL & GAS VALUE CHAIN FOR UPSTREAM INDUSTRY
The document discusses a production optimization advisor created by IBM for a major Canadian energy company to help optimize their end-to-end oil production system. The advisor uses machine learning and optimization models to provide capabilities like flagging process upsets early, generating new production scenarios to improve optimization across silos, and bringing awareness to opportunities in real-time. The advisor analyzes data from the company's 80,000 sensors and helps augment human decision making by providing recommendations within 5 minutes to respond to disruptions or find ways to improve operations.
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ENTERPRISE ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS APPLICATION TO OPTIMIZE OILFIELD ASSET DATA
1. Modern oilfield asset management faces challenges around asset allocation, record keeping, and inventory management due to the large volume and traffic of assets. It also struggles with understanding asset performance and maintenance needs across different downhole conditions.
2. Data analysis and integration with other systems is another key challenge as workflows and reports are not well connected through a single interface, access to information is limited, and no high-level asset performance analysis exists.
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OPERATOR ANALYTICS FROM IMPLEMENTING AN OPERATE BY EXCEPTION STRATEGY
Vermilion Energy is an international oil and gas company that operates in North America, Europe, and Australia. The presentation discusses Vermilion's strategy to implement an "operate by exception" model using remote monitoring and analytics. This approach aims to optimize resources like personnel, equipment, time and costs through collecting time-series production data and using artificial intelligence/machine learning. Basic analytics would provide metrics on safety, production and costs, while advanced analytics could enable automatic pumpjack optimization, predictive maintenance, and optimized field routes. The goal is to efficiently manage operations through data-driven insights.
MEASUREMENT & REPORTING DATA ANALYSIS FOR COMPLIANCE
The document discusses using data analysis to improve compliance and identify potential errors in measurement and reporting. It provides examples of analyzing vent and production data from single well and multi-well sites to identify outliers. Another example analyzes receipt and production data from multi-well sites. The analysis can identify facilities with high vent-to-production or receipt-to-production ratios that may indicate errors. This helps improve data reliability and address non-compliance before it becomes an issue.
BUILDING SMART UTILITY NETWORKS ENABLING REAL-TIME WATER LOSS CONTROL
The document summarizes a conference on building smart utility networks to enable real-time water loss control. It notes that 33% of water is lost due to leaks, main breaks, theft and other issues. It also states that a third of US drinking water operators will retire in the next decade. The conference highlighted real-time strategies using technologies like sensors, software and wireless networks to help identify leaks and ease staffing challenges. Case studies demonstrated using these approaches for leak detection and pressure management.
USING NEAR-REAL TIME MONITORING TO IMPROVE EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY
The document discusses using condition monitoring and predictive analytics to improve equipment reliability. It describes current monitoring methods that only check equipment periodically and miss issues. Intelligent monitoring collects frequent sensor data to detect problems through trends. This enables predictive maintenance by understanding operating conditions. Analytics can then recommend actions to protect equipment and improve performance. The system uses wireless monitoring on most assets and real-time monitoring on critical equipment. The monitoring center helps customers understand data and take corrective actions. The goal is connecting customers, equipment, and experts to predict and prevent failures. Examples show how the system has helped customers detect problems, avoid downtime, and prevent damage.
LEVERAGING BIG DATA FOR INTELLIGENT WATER MANAGEMENT
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CONTROLLING DATA TO IMPROVE SAFETY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE WATER INDUSTRY
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- 1. A Chemist Perspective: Overview of technologies to purify Hydro-Fracking water By Dan Daly Ph.D.
- 3. A Chemist Perspective: Overview of technologies to purify Hydro-Fracking water
- 4. Outline Evaporation Ion-exchange chromatography Reverse Osmosis Nano-technology Cost-effective assessment
- 5. Evaporation In Heavy Oil; recovery used once through steam generators Alberta direct water treatment involving evaporation system called falling film Despite several advantages considered not cost-effective
- 6. Plugged Flow Reactor Frackclean developed a plugged flow reactor for decreasing viscosity of guar
- 7. The Plugged-Flow Reactor The best technology to break-up guar compared to acid hydrolysis,Ozone and ultrasound
- 8. Flowrate 50gpm Mass Flow 11318kg/hr Feedrate 271.6TPD Linear velocity 6.27m/s Spacetime 2.5min Pipe ID 1inch Reactor Volume 125gallons PFR Length 3064ft Inlet Temperature 100C Reaction Temp 200C Delta T 100C Water Cp (average) 3.8kJ/kg Q 1194.7kW
- 9. Inlet Oil 300C Outlet Oil 250.0C Delta T 50.0C Paratherm Cp 2.2kJ/kg Oil Flow 76000kg/hr Q 2322.2kW LMTD 123.32C U 1000W/(m^2*K) A 9.69m^2 Entering Viscosity 2.5cSt Exit viscosity 0.8cSt
- 10. Heat Exchangers Standard Exchange $ 22,000.00 Pump $ 25,000.00 Pipe Swagelok $ 115,000.00 BPR Equilibar $ 5,000.00 Utility Pumps Ingersoll- Rand ARO $ 10,000.00 Utility Hose $ 2,000.00 $ 179,000.00 6million/hr
- 11. Technologies to clean Produced Water
- 14. Pros and Cons of ion exchange chromatography Very effective in removing metals and salts Cons Expensive Need to separate organics Need to elute metals with acid Need to use reverse osmosis to remove acid
- 17. Pros and Cons of Reverse Osmosis Very effective in removing most contaminants from water Cons Expensive Organics will interfere by clogging Will retain a percentage of the water
- 25. Overall Investment and Operating Cost Ion Exchange Reverse Osmosis Investment Cost U.S. $ 840,000 1,020,000 U.S. $/m3 treated water 0.442 0.69 U.S. $ per annum (330 day basis) 241,330 376,500 www.climate-policy-watcher.org/drinking-water/cost-considerations-and-comparisons-to-ro.html
- 26. Detailed Unit Cost Ion Exchange Comments RO Comments Cost Estimate Component U.S. $ Usage Cost Usage Cost Energy, kWh 0.06 0.25 0.015 0.99 0.059 H2S04, kg 0.11 0.4 0.044 0.02 0.002 for MB NaOH, kg 0.56 0.15 0.084 0.06 0.032 for MB Neutralization, kg 0.11 0 0 Self neutra 1 0.15 0.017 forRO Anti-scale, kg 3.89 0 0 0.01 0.019 5 ppm Extra Water, m3 0.26 0.03 0.008 Dilution and rinse 0.45 0.117 Rejected Wastewater, m3 0.33 0.03 0.011 Spent reg. 0.45 0.149 Concentrate Resin Replacement 0.02 0.003 for MB Membrane Replacement 0 0.031 Subtotal 0.182 0.43 Net feed water, m3 0.26 1 0.26 1 0.26 Total 0.442 $/m3 0.69 $/m3
- 27. Concluding Points of Comparison Since RO operates as a filtration system that removes contaminates based on sizes due to polymer configuration, RO is relatively temperature sensitive also it requires more maintenance for cleaning and it will only clean a percentage of the water IEC is a batch process and operates as a porous filter with specific binding of metals and anions, organics will flow through.
- 28. Pros and Cons of Nano Technology Very effective in removing most contaminants from water Can be used across a multiple of platforms Can use same binding components as chromatography Cons Expensive? Will require a powerful magnet Will it need approval? Still in developmental stage Needs help developing