The document discusses the Earth's magnetic field. It is generated by the dynamo effect in the Earth's liquid outer core. As the liquid core circulates due to convection, electric currents and magnetic fields are created. These fields are recorded in ancient rock crystals over 4 billion years old. The tilted magnetic field interacts with the solar wind and magnetosphere to protect the Earth by deflecting charged particles.

2.  Magnetic Fields are produced by motion of
electrical charges.
 Rocks that are formed by molten state
contains indicator of magnetic field at the
time of solidification.

3.  Generation of Earth’s magnetic field is by a process
called “dynamo effect” or “Geodynamo”.
 Convection drives the outer core fluid and it circulates
relative to the earth.
 If it can obtain some interaction like friction between
layers, an effective current loop can be produced.
 Even before the Earth's magnetic field was first
formed magnetic fields were present in the form of
the sun's magnetic field. As a stream of molten
iron passes through the existing magnetic field, an
electric current is generated through a process
called magnetic induction. The newly created
electric field will in turn create a magnetic field.

5.  It is well known that the axis of the magnetic field is
tipped with respect to the rotation axis of the Earth.
Thus, true north does not coincide with magnetic
north and compass directions must be corrected by
fixed amounts at given points on the surface of the
Earth to yield true directions.

6.  Faint remnants of ancient Earth’s magnetic
field have been found imprinted on the
oldest rock crystals in the world—evidence
that the magnetic dynamo in our planet’s
core was more than 4 billion years ago.
 Magnetosphere and ionosphere plays an
important role in long range communication
and radio wave propagation.

7.  Earth magnetic field serves to deflect most of the
solar wind , whose charged particles would
otherwise strip away the ozone layer that protects
the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

8. The solar wind is a stream of ionized gases that blows
outward from the sun at about 400 km/second and
that varies in intensity with the amount of surface
activity on the sun.
When solar wind encounters with earth magnetic field
it gets deflected like water around the bow of ship.