The document provides information on an advanced soft starter product line including its range of models, voltage ranges, protection levels, control voltages, approvals, accessories, and key features. The soft starters have models ranging from 23A to 1600A and 7.5kW to 800kW with voltage ranges from 380V to 690V AC. Accessories include fingerguards, communication modules, remote operators, control panels, and software tools. Key features highlighted are the intuitive interface, adjustable busbars, monitoring capabilities, logs, parameter sets, and premium motor protection functions.
Advantages of Soft Start Motor ControlDesign World
Soft starters for AC motors offer many benefits, with the most significant being a reduction of mechanical stresses on the motor and shaft as well as other components in a system, thereby extending equipment life. They also contribute to smarter use of power and less inrush current, which can minimize penalties from utility companies. An industry expert from Eaton explains these and other benefits of soft starters as well as some of the advantages of soft starters over traditional motor starters.
Viewers will also learn about:
• How to monitor and protect your equipment and reduce overall system costs
• How to select soft starters for unique applications
• Reducing or eliminating water hammer effect and check valve slamming
• Considerations for heavy-duty applications
Further, specific attention will be given how to select soft start controllers for unique application requirements.
The document discusses soft starters, which are electronic starters that control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. Soft starters reduce mechanical and electrical stresses by gradually increasing voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, rather than applying full voltage instantly. This allows the motor to accelerate smoothly and limits high starting currents that can damage equipment. Soft starters provide benefits like reduced component wear, maintenance needs, and power consumption compared to direct-on-line or star-delta starters.
How to Start your Large Motors- typical Solutions or new motor design?Delcho Penkov
In the context of low oil prices and an increasing demand for cost reduction of the electrical installations, optimizing the starting solution of high power electrical motors could be highly contributive. Direct on-line start is the most common solution today, being also the simplest and most cost-effective but it may generate voltage dip during start and stresses mechanically the machine and load. Progressive starting solutions, as auto-transformer, soft-starter or variable speed drive, solve the electrical and mechanical constraints in variable levels, related to their complexity. Today, in addition to the progressive starting solutions, motor manufacturers propose to design the motors as to reduce their inrush current, in some cases down to 300% of the rated current.
In this tutorial different solutions for large motor starting will be explored and compared, with respect to their application field, flexibility of adaptation, complexity during installation and set-up, overall performances and technical and economical aspects. Some guidelines for selection will be also discussed. In the scope of analyses are traditional methods, such as direct on-line, auto-transformer, soft-starter and variable speed drive and also recent solutions as motors designed with reduced inrush current.
This document provides an overview of control circuits and components for electrical machines, including DC motors and AC motors. It discusses various switch types, relays, timers, and interlocking circuits used in motor controls. For DC motors, it describes series relay starters, time acceleration starters, field failure protection, and plugging control. For AC motors, it covers DOL starters, star-delta starters, automatic transformer starters, reversing motor direction, and dynamic braking. The document is intended to explain the basic control circuits and components used for operating electrical machines.
This document discusses motor parameters and starting types for three-phase induction motors. It covers topics such as motor types, electrical power supplies, motor parameters, starting torque curves, and eight common starting types including across-the-line, part-winding, primary resistor, primary reactor, wye-delta open and closed transition, soft start, and autotransformer starting. Tables provide motor locked rotor codes, currents, and allowable horsepowers. Diagrams illustrate motor torque and current curves as well as the operation of various starting methods.
Motor Starter design for switchgears.
It contains Methods of induction motor starting include :
Direct on-line starting
Star-delta starting
Resistance stator starting
Autotransformer starting
Slip ring motor starting
Soft starter starting/slackening
Frequency converter starting
Device selection and proposed circuit for different motor powers and some definition about Load List and other technical consideration of design.
This document describes a project to control the speed of an AC induction motor using a microcontroller and TRIAC. A microcontroller sends commands to a cyclo-converter which controls the frequency of the AC power supplied to the motor, thereby controlling its speed. The microcontroller activates an optocoupler connected to a TRIAC, which allows AC power to flow to the motor and rotate it when triggered. Keypad inputs are used to control the microcontroller and select different motor speeds.
This document describes a project to control the speed of a single-phase induction motor using a TRIAC. It includes sections on the circuit description, induction motor working, SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, applications, advantages and disadvantages. The circuit uses a DIAC to trigger a TRIAC, allowing control of the firing angle to vary the voltage applied to the motor. This provides speed control of the induction motor for applications like pumps, fans and refrigeration.
Advantages of Soft Start Motor ControlDesign World
Soft starters for AC motors offer many benefits, with the most significant being a reduction of mechanical stresses on the motor and shaft as well as other components in a system, thereby extending equipment life. They also contribute to smarter use of power and less inrush current, which can minimize penalties from utility companies. An industry expert from Eaton explains these and other benefits of soft starters as well as some of the advantages of soft starters over traditional motor starters.
Viewers will also learn about:
• How to monitor and protect your equipment and reduce overall system costs
• How to select soft starters for unique applications
• Reducing or eliminating water hammer effect and check valve slamming
• Considerations for heavy-duty applications
Further, specific attention will be given how to select soft start controllers for unique application requirements.
The document discusses soft starters, which are electronic starters that control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. Soft starters reduce mechanical and electrical stresses by gradually increasing voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, rather than applying full voltage instantly. This allows the motor to accelerate smoothly and limits high starting currents that can damage equipment. Soft starters provide benefits like reduced component wear, maintenance needs, and power consumption compared to direct-on-line or star-delta starters.
How to Start your Large Motors- typical Solutions or new motor design?Delcho Penkov
In the context of low oil prices and an increasing demand for cost reduction of the electrical installations, optimizing the starting solution of high power electrical motors could be highly contributive. Direct on-line start is the most common solution today, being also the simplest and most cost-effective but it may generate voltage dip during start and stresses mechanically the machine and load. Progressive starting solutions, as auto-transformer, soft-starter or variable speed drive, solve the electrical and mechanical constraints in variable levels, related to their complexity. Today, in addition to the progressive starting solutions, motor manufacturers propose to design the motors as to reduce their inrush current, in some cases down to 300% of the rated current.
In this tutorial different solutions for large motor starting will be explored and compared, with respect to their application field, flexibility of adaptation, complexity during installation and set-up, overall performances and technical and economical aspects. Some guidelines for selection will be also discussed. In the scope of analyses are traditional methods, such as direct on-line, auto-transformer, soft-starter and variable speed drive and also recent solutions as motors designed with reduced inrush current.
This document provides an overview of control circuits and components for electrical machines, including DC motors and AC motors. It discusses various switch types, relays, timers, and interlocking circuits used in motor controls. For DC motors, it describes series relay starters, time acceleration starters, field failure protection, and plugging control. For AC motors, it covers DOL starters, star-delta starters, automatic transformer starters, reversing motor direction, and dynamic braking. The document is intended to explain the basic control circuits and components used for operating electrical machines.
This document discusses motor parameters and starting types for three-phase induction motors. It covers topics such as motor types, electrical power supplies, motor parameters, starting torque curves, and eight common starting types including across-the-line, part-winding, primary resistor, primary reactor, wye-delta open and closed transition, soft start, and autotransformer starting. Tables provide motor locked rotor codes, currents, and allowable horsepowers. Diagrams illustrate motor torque and current curves as well as the operation of various starting methods.
Motor Starter design for switchgears.
It contains Methods of induction motor starting include :
Direct on-line starting
Star-delta starting
Resistance stator starting
Autotransformer starting
Slip ring motor starting
Soft starter starting/slackening
Frequency converter starting
Device selection and proposed circuit for different motor powers and some definition about Load List and other technical consideration of design.
This document describes a project to control the speed of an AC induction motor using a microcontroller and TRIAC. A microcontroller sends commands to a cyclo-converter which controls the frequency of the AC power supplied to the motor, thereby controlling its speed. The microcontroller activates an optocoupler connected to a TRIAC, which allows AC power to flow to the motor and rotate it when triggered. Keypad inputs are used to control the microcontroller and select different motor speeds.
This document describes a project to control the speed of a single-phase induction motor using a TRIAC. It includes sections on the circuit description, induction motor working, SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, applications, advantages and disadvantages. The circuit uses a DIAC to trigger a TRIAC, allowing control of the firing angle to vary the voltage applied to the motor. This provides speed control of the induction motor for applications like pumps, fans and refrigeration.
Induction Motor Speed Control Drive, Design and ImplementationNasrullah Khan
This document presents a project to design and implement an induction motor speed control drive. It includes an introduction to variable frequency drives and induction motors. It then lists the project group members and outlines the contents to be presented. It discusses the problem statements, goals, and objectives of the project. It also provides details on the literature review, methodology, mathematical calculations, block diagram, applications, advantages, and conclusion.
This document discusses different types of motor starters used for AC and DC motors. It describes the necessity of starters to limit inrush current and protect motors. The main types covered are DOL, star-delta, and autotransformer starters. It provides information on their wiring diagrams, motor starting characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, suitable motor sizes and applications. Current ratings for motors used with different starters are also included.
- Variable frequency drives (VFDs) allow the speed of AC motors to be varied by changing the frequency of the power supplied to the motor. VFDs first convert AC power to DC, then use an inverter to convert the DC back to variable frequency AC to control motor speed.
- The main components of a VFD are a rectifier to convert AC to DC, a DC bus to store the DC power, and an inverter to convert the DC back to variable frequency AC for the motor. Pulse width modulation is used to generate an AC waveform from the DC for motor control.
- VFDs allow parameters like maximum frequency, acceleration/deceleration rates, and torque boost to be set.
Motor StarterTypes and Technology of Motor Starter And Its Applicationselprocus
Most induction motors are started directly on line, but when very large motors are started that way, they cause a disturbance of voltage on the supply lines due to large starting current surges. To limit the starting current surge, large induction motors are started at reduced voltage and then have full supply voltage reconnected when they run up to near rotated speed.
Speed control of single phase induction motor with variable frequency voltage...SHAHRUKH ALAM
This document discusses speed control of a single phase induction motor using a variable frequency voltage source inverter (VSI). It begins with an objective to generate a variable frequency output from the inverter to run the motor at variable speeds proportional to the frequencies. It then discusses single phase induction motor speed control, the components of a variable frequency drive including rectifier and inverter stages, and how a VSI can provide speed control. It also touches on modulation techniques like PWM that are used to control the VSI output voltage. MATLAB simulations demonstrate speed control at different frequencies. Advantages include energy savings and reduced wear. Applications include pumps, fans, and conveyors.
Automatic Star Delta Starter Using Relays And Adjustable Electronic Timer For...Edgefxkits & Solutions
The document describes an automatic star-delta starter circuit for induction motors using relays and an adjustable electronic timer. The circuit starts the motor in star configuration using three transformers, rectifiers and a 555 timer circuit to control four relays. After a preset time, the fourth relay switches the motor to delta configuration. It provides basic protection from voltage fluctuations and single phasing faults. The starter reduces starting current compared to direct online starting and is a low-cost solution, though it can be improved further with soft start capabilities.
The document provides information on AC drives from CG Drives, including their advantages, basic principles of operation, operating modes, braking types, and models. It discusses constant torque and variable torque loads, open loop V/F and vector control modes, closed loop vector control using feedback, and dynamic, DC injection, and regenerative braking methods. It also introduces the CG Drive-SK and CG Drive-SG product lines, specifying their features, connections, dimensions, and optional additions.
The document discusses Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) used to control AC motor speed and torque by varying input frequency and voltage. It provides details on:
- The basic principle of how VFDs operate by converting AC to DC and then back to AC at a variable frequency.
- Features of ABB HVAC drives including EMC filters, embedded fieldbus protocols, PID control, timers and an interactive control panel.
- Technical specifications, installation instructions and mounting of ABB ACH550 HVAC variable frequency drives.
Soft starters are electronic devices used to control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. This helps reduce mechanical and electrical stresses. Soft starters gradually increase the voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, controlling current and torque surges. They provide a smooth, stepless acceleration and deceleration compared to direct-on-line starting. Soft starters limit inrush current, reduce voltage dips, and extend the lifetime of motors and mechanical components in applications like pumps, fans, conveyors, and other machinery.
Speed control 1 phase i.m. motor by integral cktpavankolte
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on speed control of single phase induction motors using integral cycle switching. The presentation discusses various speed control methods for single phase induction motors and focuses on integral cycle control. It provides an overview of the working principle, block diagram, and advantages of integral cycle control. Specifically, it controls speed by varying the on/off ratio of the applied voltage through thyristor switching. Integral cycle control eliminates harmonics, provides proportional speed variation over a wide range, and reduces electromagnetic interference compared to phase control methods.
This document discusses a presentation on variable frequency drives (VFDs). It includes sections on load profiles, motor and load torques, control methods for drives, VFD components and working principles, advantages of VFDs, and a case study on potential energy savings from installing VFDs at a power plant. The case study estimates total annual energy savings of 2,350,000 kWh and payback period of 41 months for a VFD installation project with a total investment of 1,758.6 lakhs.
Single phase induction motor(eee499.blogspot.com)slmnsvn
This document describes a project to control an induction motor using a microcontroller. It discusses the motor specifications and components used, including a capacitor to provide 90 degrees of phase shift between the main and auxiliary windings. The design uses an inverter to convert DC to AC voltage and vary frequency to control motor speed and direction. Software implements semi-sinusoidal waveforms at 7 kHz to achieve the 90 degree phase shift needed for motor control.
1) The document discusses the importance of energy conservation in cement processing and describes several key pieces of equipment used in cement production like crushers, separators, conveyors, mills, and fans.
2) It explains how variable frequency drives can provide significant energy savings when used to control the speed of large electric motors that power industrial fans and pumps. This is because the power required by the motor is proportional to the cube of the speed.
3) The document provides a case example of a Mexican cement plant that saved over 5,300 MWh/year in energy and reduced maintenance costs by 97% by replacing the damper fan control of two large induced draft fans with variable frequency drives.
Speed control of induction motor using vf dsAli Hassan
This document discusses variable frequency drives (VFDs) and how they are used to control the speed of induction motors. It describes the main components of a VFD - the rectifier, DC bus, and inverter - and how they work together to convert incoming AC power to DC and then invert it back to AC at a variable frequency that controls motor speed. The document notes that VFDs are used in boilers at a company to control induced draft fans, forced draft fans, and bagasse feeders. It explains that VFDs provide energy savings of 25-30% by consuming only the power needed, with a return on investment period of 6 months to 2 years. Advantages include efficient motor speed control while
Induction motors are AC motors that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy through electromagnetic induction. They are widely used in industry due to being rugged, reliable and economical. The speed of an induction motor is controlled either through the stator side by varying the supply frequency or voltage, or through the rotor side by adding external resistance or injecting slip frequency voltage. Modern variable speed drives allow induction motors to operate at variable speeds, providing benefits like energy savings and cost effectiveness.
Speed Control of Induction Motor using Variable Frequency DriveSandeep Kaushal
Induction motor is constant speed motor at a particular frequency and consumes almost same power irrespective of load demand. Let's talk about two different load one is high load and other low load. AT low load motor is delivering the load with some current and thereby torque is maintained. If load goes high, to maintain the same speed and developed torqued, motor will draw extra current and will corresponds to more losses. If speed of motor is reduced corresponding too low load and is increased corresponding to high load, then substantial amount of power can be saved. And speed can be changed by changing the frequency of input supply.
Speed Control Techniques for Induction Motor - A Reviewijsrd.com
In this paper, various types of speed control methods for the single phase induction motor are described. Speed can be controlled to control the frequency or slip can be controlled to control the torque. Then flux and torque are also function of frequency and voltage. Various methods are used to control the flux and voltage. This paper is focused on sliding mode control technique for induction motor.
Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051embdnew
This document describes a project to control the speed of a DC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM) generated by a microcontroller. A group of four students developed the project under a professor's supervision. PWM pulses are generated by an 8051 microcontroller to vary the motor speed by changing the duty cycle. The project aims to provide a reliable and efficient method of DC motor speed control.
Speed Control of Induction Motor Drive Using Universal ControllerArif Shahriar
This paper presents the development of a universal controller board to control the speed of single or three phase induction motors. The controller uses a microcontroller and pulse width modulation inverter to generate variable frequency supply to the motor. MATLAB Simulink was used to simulate a three phase inverter circuit controlling an induction motor. Hardware was also implemented including power, control, and driver circuits. Testing showed the fan load speed could be varied by changing the modulation index with the selector switch, demonstrating variable speed control of the induction motor. The designed system provides a low-cost and versatile solution for motor speed control applications.
This document summarizes a presentation on variable frequency drives (VFDs). VFDs vary the speed of 3-phase AC motors by converting AC power to DC and then converting it back to variable voltage/frequency AC. They allow constant and variable torque motor loads to operate at variable speeds. Applications include pumps, fans, compressors. Selecting a VFD depends on the motor's current, kW rating, type of machine/application, and required functionality/controls. Rockwell Automation offers their PowerFlex line of VFDs in compact, standard, and premium models for applications from small to large horsepower. The presentation reviews VFD components, operations, applications in industries, and key selection factors.
Starter ini menggunakan tiga penyambungan (star, delta, main) dan overload relay untuk mengurangkan lonjakan arus dan torsi pada permulaan motor. Ia bermula dalam penyambungan star untuk mengurangkan beban, kemudian beralih ke delta apabila motor menghampiri kelajuan normal. Starter ini berguna untuk motor tidak berat.
A circuit breaker breaks an electrical circuit automatically or manually under all load conditions. A vacuum circuit breaker uses vacuum as an insulating and arc-quenching medium. It contains fixed contacts, moving contacts, and an arc shield housed inside a vacuum chamber. When the contacts open, an arc is produced but quickly extinguished in the vacuum environment, allowing for fast interruption of electric current. Vacuum circuit breakers are compact and reliable with long life, used for outdoor applications from 22kV to 66kV.
Induction Motor Speed Control Drive, Design and ImplementationNasrullah Khan
This document presents a project to design and implement an induction motor speed control drive. It includes an introduction to variable frequency drives and induction motors. It then lists the project group members and outlines the contents to be presented. It discusses the problem statements, goals, and objectives of the project. It also provides details on the literature review, methodology, mathematical calculations, block diagram, applications, advantages, and conclusion.
This document discusses different types of motor starters used for AC and DC motors. It describes the necessity of starters to limit inrush current and protect motors. The main types covered are DOL, star-delta, and autotransformer starters. It provides information on their wiring diagrams, motor starting characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, suitable motor sizes and applications. Current ratings for motors used with different starters are also included.
- Variable frequency drives (VFDs) allow the speed of AC motors to be varied by changing the frequency of the power supplied to the motor. VFDs first convert AC power to DC, then use an inverter to convert the DC back to variable frequency AC to control motor speed.
- The main components of a VFD are a rectifier to convert AC to DC, a DC bus to store the DC power, and an inverter to convert the DC back to variable frequency AC for the motor. Pulse width modulation is used to generate an AC waveform from the DC for motor control.
- VFDs allow parameters like maximum frequency, acceleration/deceleration rates, and torque boost to be set.
Motor StarterTypes and Technology of Motor Starter And Its Applicationselprocus
Most induction motors are started directly on line, but when very large motors are started that way, they cause a disturbance of voltage on the supply lines due to large starting current surges. To limit the starting current surge, large induction motors are started at reduced voltage and then have full supply voltage reconnected when they run up to near rotated speed.
Speed control of single phase induction motor with variable frequency voltage...SHAHRUKH ALAM
This document discusses speed control of a single phase induction motor using a variable frequency voltage source inverter (VSI). It begins with an objective to generate a variable frequency output from the inverter to run the motor at variable speeds proportional to the frequencies. It then discusses single phase induction motor speed control, the components of a variable frequency drive including rectifier and inverter stages, and how a VSI can provide speed control. It also touches on modulation techniques like PWM that are used to control the VSI output voltage. MATLAB simulations demonstrate speed control at different frequencies. Advantages include energy savings and reduced wear. Applications include pumps, fans, and conveyors.
Automatic Star Delta Starter Using Relays And Adjustable Electronic Timer For...Edgefxkits & Solutions
The document describes an automatic star-delta starter circuit for induction motors using relays and an adjustable electronic timer. The circuit starts the motor in star configuration using three transformers, rectifiers and a 555 timer circuit to control four relays. After a preset time, the fourth relay switches the motor to delta configuration. It provides basic protection from voltage fluctuations and single phasing faults. The starter reduces starting current compared to direct online starting and is a low-cost solution, though it can be improved further with soft start capabilities.
The document provides information on AC drives from CG Drives, including their advantages, basic principles of operation, operating modes, braking types, and models. It discusses constant torque and variable torque loads, open loop V/F and vector control modes, closed loop vector control using feedback, and dynamic, DC injection, and regenerative braking methods. It also introduces the CG Drive-SK and CG Drive-SG product lines, specifying their features, connections, dimensions, and optional additions.
The document discusses Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) used to control AC motor speed and torque by varying input frequency and voltage. It provides details on:
- The basic principle of how VFDs operate by converting AC to DC and then back to AC at a variable frequency.
- Features of ABB HVAC drives including EMC filters, embedded fieldbus protocols, PID control, timers and an interactive control panel.
- Technical specifications, installation instructions and mounting of ABB ACH550 HVAC variable frequency drives.
Soft starters are electronic devices used to control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. This helps reduce mechanical and electrical stresses. Soft starters gradually increase the voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, controlling current and torque surges. They provide a smooth, stepless acceleration and deceleration compared to direct-on-line starting. Soft starters limit inrush current, reduce voltage dips, and extend the lifetime of motors and mechanical components in applications like pumps, fans, conveyors, and other machinery.
Speed control 1 phase i.m. motor by integral cktpavankolte
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on speed control of single phase induction motors using integral cycle switching. The presentation discusses various speed control methods for single phase induction motors and focuses on integral cycle control. It provides an overview of the working principle, block diagram, and advantages of integral cycle control. Specifically, it controls speed by varying the on/off ratio of the applied voltage through thyristor switching. Integral cycle control eliminates harmonics, provides proportional speed variation over a wide range, and reduces electromagnetic interference compared to phase control methods.
This document discusses a presentation on variable frequency drives (VFDs). It includes sections on load profiles, motor and load torques, control methods for drives, VFD components and working principles, advantages of VFDs, and a case study on potential energy savings from installing VFDs at a power plant. The case study estimates total annual energy savings of 2,350,000 kWh and payback period of 41 months for a VFD installation project with a total investment of 1,758.6 lakhs.
Single phase induction motor(eee499.blogspot.com)slmnsvn
This document describes a project to control an induction motor using a microcontroller. It discusses the motor specifications and components used, including a capacitor to provide 90 degrees of phase shift between the main and auxiliary windings. The design uses an inverter to convert DC to AC voltage and vary frequency to control motor speed and direction. Software implements semi-sinusoidal waveforms at 7 kHz to achieve the 90 degree phase shift needed for motor control.
1) The document discusses the importance of energy conservation in cement processing and describes several key pieces of equipment used in cement production like crushers, separators, conveyors, mills, and fans.
2) It explains how variable frequency drives can provide significant energy savings when used to control the speed of large electric motors that power industrial fans and pumps. This is because the power required by the motor is proportional to the cube of the speed.
3) The document provides a case example of a Mexican cement plant that saved over 5,300 MWh/year in energy and reduced maintenance costs by 97% by replacing the damper fan control of two large induced draft fans with variable frequency drives.
Speed control of induction motor using vf dsAli Hassan
This document discusses variable frequency drives (VFDs) and how they are used to control the speed of induction motors. It describes the main components of a VFD - the rectifier, DC bus, and inverter - and how they work together to convert incoming AC power to DC and then invert it back to AC at a variable frequency that controls motor speed. The document notes that VFDs are used in boilers at a company to control induced draft fans, forced draft fans, and bagasse feeders. It explains that VFDs provide energy savings of 25-30% by consuming only the power needed, with a return on investment period of 6 months to 2 years. Advantages include efficient motor speed control while
Induction motors are AC motors that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy through electromagnetic induction. They are widely used in industry due to being rugged, reliable and economical. The speed of an induction motor is controlled either through the stator side by varying the supply frequency or voltage, or through the rotor side by adding external resistance or injecting slip frequency voltage. Modern variable speed drives allow induction motors to operate at variable speeds, providing benefits like energy savings and cost effectiveness.
Speed Control of Induction Motor using Variable Frequency DriveSandeep Kaushal
Induction motor is constant speed motor at a particular frequency and consumes almost same power irrespective of load demand. Let's talk about two different load one is high load and other low load. AT low load motor is delivering the load with some current and thereby torque is maintained. If load goes high, to maintain the same speed and developed torqued, motor will draw extra current and will corresponds to more losses. If speed of motor is reduced corresponding too low load and is increased corresponding to high load, then substantial amount of power can be saved. And speed can be changed by changing the frequency of input supply.
Speed Control Techniques for Induction Motor - A Reviewijsrd.com
In this paper, various types of speed control methods for the single phase induction motor are described. Speed can be controlled to control the frequency or slip can be controlled to control the torque. Then flux and torque are also function of frequency and voltage. Various methods are used to control the flux and voltage. This paper is focused on sliding mode control technique for induction motor.
Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051embdnew
This document describes a project to control the speed of a DC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM) generated by a microcontroller. A group of four students developed the project under a professor's supervision. PWM pulses are generated by an 8051 microcontroller to vary the motor speed by changing the duty cycle. The project aims to provide a reliable and efficient method of DC motor speed control.
Speed Control of Induction Motor Drive Using Universal ControllerArif Shahriar
This paper presents the development of a universal controller board to control the speed of single or three phase induction motors. The controller uses a microcontroller and pulse width modulation inverter to generate variable frequency supply to the motor. MATLAB Simulink was used to simulate a three phase inverter circuit controlling an induction motor. Hardware was also implemented including power, control, and driver circuits. Testing showed the fan load speed could be varied by changing the modulation index with the selector switch, demonstrating variable speed control of the induction motor. The designed system provides a low-cost and versatile solution for motor speed control applications.
This document summarizes a presentation on variable frequency drives (VFDs). VFDs vary the speed of 3-phase AC motors by converting AC power to DC and then converting it back to variable voltage/frequency AC. They allow constant and variable torque motor loads to operate at variable speeds. Applications include pumps, fans, compressors. Selecting a VFD depends on the motor's current, kW rating, type of machine/application, and required functionality/controls. Rockwell Automation offers their PowerFlex line of VFDs in compact, standard, and premium models for applications from small to large horsepower. The presentation reviews VFD components, operations, applications in industries, and key selection factors.
Starter ini menggunakan tiga penyambungan (star, delta, main) dan overload relay untuk mengurangkan lonjakan arus dan torsi pada permulaan motor. Ia bermula dalam penyambungan star untuk mengurangkan beban, kemudian beralih ke delta apabila motor menghampiri kelajuan normal. Starter ini berguna untuk motor tidak berat.
A circuit breaker breaks an electrical circuit automatically or manually under all load conditions. A vacuum circuit breaker uses vacuum as an insulating and arc-quenching medium. It contains fixed contacts, moving contacts, and an arc shield housed inside a vacuum chamber. When the contacts open, an arc is produced but quickly extinguished in the vacuum environment, allowing for fast interruption of electric current. Vacuum circuit breakers are compact and reliable with long life, used for outdoor applications from 22kV to 66kV.
This document discusses different types of starters used for three phase induction motors. It describes stator resistance, auto transformer, star-delta, rotor resistance, direct online (DOL), and soft starters. Stator resistance and auto transformer starters limit starting current by adding resistance or reducing voltage. Star-delta starters initially connect the motor in star configuration and then switch to delta. Rotor resistance starters add external resistance to the rotor circuit. DOL starters connect the motor directly to full supply voltage. Soft starters use SCRs to gradually increase voltage during starting.
A vacuum circuit breaker uses vacuum as an insulating medium to interrupt electric current. It consists of fixed contacts, moving contacts, and an arc shield mounted inside a vacuum chamber. When the contacts open, an arc is produced which is quickly extinguished as the metallic vapors and ions condense rapidly on the contact surfaces, restoring dielectric strength. Vacuum circuit breakers offer high insulation, can interrupt any fault current, produce no noise or gases, and are used for applications from 11kV to 36kV.
This document provides an overview of different types of circuit breakers presented by Er. Rahul Sharma. It discusses AC and DC circuit breakers, as well as classifications based on rated voltage and medium of arc extinction. Specific circuit breaker types covered include oil circuit breakers (plain break, self-blast, minimum oil, vacuum), air blast circuit breakers, and their operating principles. Key advantages and applications of each type are highlighted.
Vacuum circuit breakers use vacuum to extinguish the arc when opening contacts. They have fixed contacts, moving contacts, and an arc shield mounted inside a vacuum chamber. When a fault is detected, the contacts separate and the arc is quickly extinguished in the vacuum. This allows vacuum circuit breakers to reliably interrupt high fault currents. They have advantages over other circuit breakers like being compact, reliable, and able to interrupt heavy fault currents without fire hazards.
Power factor improvement of an induction motorIIT Roorkee
This document discusses power factor improvement of an induction motor through the use of static capacitors. It begins with introductions to induction motors, power factor, and why power factor correction is important. It then covers motor load characteristics, phasor diagrams showing how capacitors improve power factor, and considerations for proper capacitor sizing to avoid self-excitation of the motor. The document proposes a project to measure an induction motor's internal impedance, efficiency, and power factor at different loads, calculate the optimal capacitor size, observe the improved power factor and efficiency, and calculate potential cost savings.
A circuit breaker is a device that breaks an electrical circuit automatically or manually under normal, full, or short circuit conditions. It contains two contacts that remain closed under normal operation but separate when a fault is detected, interrupting the current. When the contacts separate, an arc is struck but extinguished quickly by the circuit breaker. Common types of circuit breakers include oil, air blast, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers. SF6 circuit breakers use sulfur hexafluoride gas to rapidly absorb electrons from the arc when contacts open, building insulation to extinguish the arc. They have advantages over oil circuit breakers like shorter arcing time, ability to interrupt larger currents, noiseless operation, and lower maintenance needs
The document discusses different types of circuit breakers, including air blast, vacuum, oil, and SF6 circuit breakers. It explains that a circuit breaker can make, carry, and break currents under normal and abnormal circuit conditions. The operating mechanism involves using stored energy to move a moving contact to open or close the circuit. When contacts separate during a fault, an arc is formed that must be quickly quenched for circuit interruption. Each breaker type uses a different medium, such as air, vacuum, oil or SF6 gas, to rapidly cool and extinguish the arc. Modern systems commonly use vacuum or SF6 breakers for their fast, reliable performance.
An induction motor starter is necessary to control the starting current and torque of the motor. There are different types of starters that can be used depending on the size of the motor, including DOL, star-delta, primary resistance, and auto transformer starters. A soft starter uses electronics to gradually increase the voltage applied to the motor during starting and stopping, reducing mechanical and electrical stresses on the system.
Each month, join us as we highlight and discuss hot topics ranging from the future of higher education to wearable technology, best productivity hacks and secrets to hiring top talent. Upload your SlideShares, and share your expertise with the world!
Not sure what to share on SlideShare?
SlideShares that inform, inspire and educate attract the most views. Beyond that, ideas for what you can upload are limitless. We’ve selected a few popular examples to get your creative juices flowing.
SlideShare is a global platform for sharing presentations, infographics, videos and documents. It has over 18 million pieces of professional content uploaded by experts like Eric Schmidt and Guy Kawasaki. The document provides tips for setting up an account on SlideShare, uploading content, optimizing it for searchability, and sharing it on social media to build an audience and reputation as a subject matter expert.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the LV-AS Soft Starter product line. It discusses key features such as:
1) Current ratings from 18A to 200A and voltage options of 200-440V or 200-575V.
2) Compact design that minimizes space and includes built-in bypass to reduce costs.
3) Easy configuration through interface with status feedback and diagnostic trip codes.
4) Provides soft start/stop and essential motor and system protections without need for extra equipment.
This document discusses variable frequency drives (VFDs), including what they are, how they work, their types and applications. VFDs vary the frequency and voltage supplied to electric motors to control their speed. They have three main sections - a rectifier, DC link, and inverter. The most common type of VFD uses AC induction motors. VFDs provide benefits like energy savings, speed control, and process control. Programmable logic controllers can communicate with VFDs using analog/digital signals or fieldbus protocols to monitor and control motor speed and other parameters.
The document describes Rockwell Automation's OneGear medium voltage arc resistant soft starter for 10-15kV motors up to 11MW. It allows controlled acceleration and deceleration of motors to minimize wear while reducing energy consumption. Key features include arc flash protection, flexible control options, integral bypass, and easy replacement of components. Applications include pumps, chillers, compressors, and more. It provides intelligence, performance, flexibility, diagnostics and communications.
Electric Control Valve Actuators for Industrial Process ApplicationsCTi Controltech
The Rotork CVA line of electric process control actuators offers a highly accurate and responsive method of automating control valves, without the complexity and cost of a pneumatic supply. With an increased focus on production costs and efficiency, accurate control of product through the pipeline is paramount. With resolution figures better than 0.1% and the ability to eliminate position overshoot, the Rotork CVA models help to maximize product quality and plant capacity.
The REXA X2D Damper Drives allow for modulating duty cycle and precise positioning independent of load variation. Hydraulic pressure is generated by an internal positive displacement gear pump driven a stepper or servo motor with no limitations on starts, stops,
or reverse cycles. This self-contained electro-hydraulic system locks the cylinder in place when no movement is required. This minimizes wear-and-tear on moving components and eliminates unnecessary power consumption.
The Eaton Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS-PWR) monitors mains power for abnormalities and automatically starts a generator to provide backup power if issues are detected. It then switches the load to the generator. When mains power is restored, it returns the load to mains and stops the generator. The ATS-PWR offers benefits like remote monitoring, history logging for troubleshooting, and communication interfaces. It can be configured for standby generator applications to provide automatic backup power in the event of a mains failure.
The Eaton Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS-PWR) monitors mains power for abnormalities and automatically starts a generator to provide backup power if issues are detected. It then switches the load to the generator. When mains power is restored, it returns the load to mains and stops the generator. The ATS-PWR offers benefits like remote monitoring, history logging for troubleshooting, and configurable transfer settings. It can be used for standby generator applications to provide backup power in the event of a mains failure.
The document provides the user manual for the CTS-320 AC motor vector drive. It describes the product's specifications, functions, technical details, installation, operation, and application examples. The CTS-320 is an AC drive that supports closed-loop and sensorless vector control of AC motors. It has functions such as V/F control, PID control, preset speeds, and communication protocols. The manual instructs users on correct usage, setup, maintenance and fault handling of the CTS-320 drive.
Explore the compact inverter WJ200 series built for excellent performance and user-friendliness.
To learn more about Hitachi Inverters, visit: https://www.hitachi-iesa.com/ac-drives-inverters
Công ty TNHH Hạo Phương là đối tác phân phối các thiết bị điện công nghiệp của hãng Fuji Electric (Nhật Bản): MCCB, MCB, Contactor, Servo Motor, biến tần, màn hình cảm ứng, PLC...
The document provides an overview of variable frequency drive (VFD) basics, including:
- The main components of a VFD are the converter section, which converts AC to DC, the DC bus section, which stores the DC voltage, and the inverter section, which converts the DC back to variable frequency AC to control motor speed.
- Pulse width modulation (PWM) is used to vary the width of output voltage pulses to adjust motor speed and torque.
- A VFD allows controlling motor torque at all speeds to meet application needs, unlike direct AC connection which is limited to a fixed speed-torque curve.
- Proper sizing and installation of input and output components like contactors
Catalog Biến tần Frenic Aqua Fuji-Beeteco.comBeeteco
The document discusses Fuji Electric's FRENIC-AQUA series of inverters. It provides high-performance control of pumps and blowers for water and wastewater applications through energy saving functions and dedicated control features. These inverters contribute to cost reduction by optimizing processes and cutting power consumption for water treatment facilities. The inverters have a slim body design and user-friendly interface to allow independent installation and easy operation and maintenance.
The DKG-253 is an electronic governor controller capable of governing engines from 12-24V in isochronous or droop modes. It has adjustable settings for rated speed, idle speed, starting fuel, ramping and overspeed alarm. It provides 10A continuous output to control a forward-acting actuator and accepts a magnetic speed sensor input. Troubleshooting tips are provided for issues with the actuator or low engine speed.
(www.indiamart.com/accuratepowersystems) We Accurate Power Systems are a leading Trader and Distributor of a wide range of Diesel Generator, Online UPS, Servo Voltage Stabilizer, Lighting Tower, Industrial Transformers, Compact Substation, etc.
The document summarizes AMSC's Distribution Static VAR Compensator (D-SVCTM) system. The D-SVC system uses solid state switching to provide fast, accurate reactive power compensation at the distribution level to maintain steady voltages for large inductive loads. It eliminates problems like voltage sags, flicker, transients and ringing that can be caused by loads like motors and welders. The D-SVC system is compact, reliable with no moving parts, and requires minimal installation and maintenance time. It provides an affordable alternative to infrastructure upgrades to improve power quality for industrial facilities and utilities.
The DigiFlex® PerformanceTM Servo Drive DZCANTE-060L080 is a fully digital servo drive designed to drive brushed and brushless servomotors. It operates in torque, velocity, or position mode using space vector modulation for higher efficiency. The drive features programmable digital and analog inputs and outputs, and supports various command and feedback interfaces. It is compliant with various safety standards including UL, CE, and RoHS.
This servo drive is designed to drive brushless DC motors at high power levels. It can operate in various modes including current, velocity, and duty cycle modes. It has protections against overheating, overcurrent and other faults. It is compliant with various safety standards and has adjustable parameters, feedback options and I/O for control and monitoring.
This document discusses control requirements and component choices for hoists with and without mechanical load brakes. For hoists without load brakes, it recommends using a closed-loop flux vector drive with encoder feedback and dynamic braking to dissipate regenerative energy. It then highlights the features of PEI's Multi-Vector drive designed specifically for hoist applications, including built-in regeneration, easy setup, high reliability, and safety features.
The document provides a quick reference guide for parameter settings of the P7 Drive. It lists the parameter numbers, factory settings, and space for user settings. There are warnings and cautions provided about safely installing and operating the drive. The introduction describes the drive's applicability for HVAC applications and its communication capabilities.
The document provides information on Ingeteam's INGEDRIVETM family of low- and medium-voltage variable speed drives. It describes the drives' modular design, control system, power ratings up to 36 MVA, cooling options, safety features, communication capabilities, and applications in industries such as marine, oil & gas, metals, mining, and water & waste water. The document also includes specifications, dimensions, and type codes for some example drive models.
Similar to LV Advanced Soft starter Familiarisation Presentation - SSUK (20)
3. • Control Voltages
– 110 ~ 120 VAC
• Standard Approvals
– CE: IEC 60947-4-2
– C-Tick
– RoHS: Compliant with EU Directive 2002/95/EC
Advanced Soft Starters
4. LV-DS- – – –
Control voltage
C12 = 110 ~ 120 VAC
Mains voltage
7 = 380 ~ 690 VAC
Bypass
B = internally bypassed
C = non-bypassed
Nominal current rating
Model Range
5. • Available for models:
LV-DS-0145B ~ LV-DS-0220B
LV-DS-0255B ~ LV-DS-1000B
• Provide IP20 protection against
accidental contact
Accessories: Fingerguards
7. • Operational control (start, stop, reset)
• Operating feedback (status, current and
temperature)
• Maximum cable distance 100 m
Accessories: Remote Operator
8. • Replicate functionality and contents
of built-in display and interface
• Full graphical LCD display
• Parameter Upload/Download
capability
• Operate in parallel to built-in interface
• Remote mountable up to 3m with
cable supplied
• IP20 with mounting kit
Accessories: Remote Control Panel
9. • WinStart
– Sales Engineer software
(not for end users)
– Selects the right starter for the
application
• WinMaster
– Control, monitor and program
starters remotely
Software Tools
10. • Intuitive graphical user interface.
• Adaptive Control is the leading edge soft start technology.
• Bypassed up to 1000A as standard.
• Inside delta (6-wire) connection for the whole range.
• Adjustable bus bars 360C – 1600C.
• Comprehensive and customisable motor protection.
• Emergency Run.
• Shorted SCR Action.
• DC Braking – contactorless.
Key Selling Points
11. • Display graphical LCD
• 4 line text – real language feedback
messages
• Real time graphs of motor operating
performance
• Menus – standard, extended & quick
set
• Logs
– 99 Events
– Last 8 Trips
User Interface
12. Status LEDs
Metering screens
Trip diagnostics
Trip log
Event log
Local control
pushbuttons
Navigation
pushbuttons
Performance logs
Full text language
display
Easy to Use
13. • Standard Menu
• Extended Menu
• Quick Setup
Quick Setup
- Pump, centrifugal
- Pump, submersible
- Fan, damped
- Fan, undamped
- Compressor, screw
- Compressor, reciprocating
- Conveyor
- Crusher, rotary
- Crusher, jaw
Pump, centrifugal
Parameter
1-A Motor FLC
2-A Start Mode
2-J Adaptive Start Profile
2-D Start Ramp Time
2-H Stop Mode
2-K Adaptive Stop Profile
2-I Stop Time
Suggested Value
Model dependent
Adaptive Control
Early Acceleration
10 seconds
Adaptive Control
Late Deceleration
15 seconds
Simple Programming Options
14. • Cabling or bus-bar work for higher power
installations can be costly and require
significant panel space.
• LV-DS soft starters 360C ~ 1600C and
500B ~ 1000B reduce cable costs and
panel space requirements because they
allow top or bottom connection of both
input and output cabling.
• LV-DS soft starters 255B ~ 425B allow
top or bottom inputs, outputs accessible
from bottom
Adjustable/Flexible Busbar Configuration
15. • Pluggable terminal blocks make
wiring easy.
• Separate terminal blocks for control
and I/O ensure tidier wiring.
Easy-Access Cabling
16. • Full text interface with selectable language
– English, Chinese, German, Italian, French,
Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese, Russian.
• Quick Setup function
• Advanced Menu offers specialised functions.
These turn this superior soft starter into a
powerful motor management system.
Intuitive Interface
17. • LV-DS soft starters deliver extensive monitoring
information to support process improvement and
maintenance. Feedback is available on-screen or
via serial, analog and relay outputs.
• Programmable Screen
Metering and Monitoring
18. • Time-stamped Trip and Event logs with full
details of operating conditions.
• Counters record the starter’s operating
history:
– Hours run, kWh, number of starts
– User-resettable (password required), plus lifetime
Logs and Counters
19. • The LV-DS soft starter can be
programmed for two separate
start scenarios. Typical
application of this capability
includes:
– A single LV-DS soft starter to
control duty-standby pumps.
– Different start performance for
varying load conditions.
– Soft braking.
Dual-Parameter Sets
20. • DC brake is used to electrically brake
high inertia loads. The brake cycle
produces a motor brake torque which
approximates the set motor torque.
• Increase productivity of machines such
as band-saws and chippers by
reducing the time needed to replace
saw bands or cutting heads.
• The LV-DS soft starter pulses the DC
over all three phases and does not
require an external contactor.
DC Braking
21. • The LV-DS soft starter’s
jog function allows the
operator to run the motor
at part speed in either the
forward or reverse
direction.
• Max torque is approx
50%~75% of motor FLT
in forward and 25%~60%
FLT in reverse.
• This is ideal for machine
positioning of loads such
as mixers or hopper bins
ready for unloading.
Jog Forward
Jog Reverse
Normal Operation
1
2
3
Jog Operation
22. • Uninterrupted operation of
unmanned installations such as
irrigators, flood pumps, remote
pump stations is aided by the LV-DS
soft starter’s Auto-Reset function.
Auto Reset
9-A Auto-Reset Action
9-B Maximum Resets
9-C Reset Delay Groups A&B
9-D Reset Delay Group C
9-A Auto-Reset Action
Group
A
B
C
Trips
Current Imbalance
Phase Loss
Power Loss
Mains Frequency
Undercurrent
Instantaneous Overcurrent
Input A Trip
Motor Overload
Motor Thermistor
Starter Overtemperature
Auto-Reset of Fault Conditions
23. • In the case of fire, equipment such as ventilation
fans in high rise buildings can be required to run
at all costs.
• Activation of the LV-DS’s Emergency Run mode
initiates a start and deactivates all protections,
enabling the motor to run as long as possible
despite the deteriorating environment.
Emergency Run Mode
24. • Not only does the LV-DS soft starter provide great
starting and stopping, it is also a premium motor
protection system.
• Motor overload protection is an important
consideration for all applications. The LV-DS soft
starter provides protection levels that are often
only available from dedicated and expensive high-
end motor protection relays.
• The LV-DS soft starter’s second order thermal
model allows motors to be used to their full
potential without fear of damage from overloading.
Premium Overload Protection
25. • SCR Shorted Action keeps your plant running
even if one phase of the LV-DS soft starter is
damaged.
• In the event that a damaged SCR is detected
in one phase the LV-DS soft starter offers the
option to continue operation using two phase
control. This ensures continued operation
while long term repair of the damage is
initiated.
SCR Shorted Action
26. • Each LV-DS soft starter protection system is fully
adjustable to site specific requirements.
– Adjustable protection levels
– Adjustable protection delays
– Selectable protection actions
• By default each protection system will trip the LV-
DS soft starter. However, to accommodate special
circumstances, the action taken by a LV-DS soft
starter protection system can also be set to Warn
& Log or Log Only.
Fully Adjustable Protection
27. • Constant current is the traditional form of soft starting, which
raises the current from zero to a specified level and keeps the
current stable at that level until the motor has accelerated.
• Constant current starting is ideal for applications where the
start current must be kept below a particular level.
Initial current (parameter 2C)
Current limit (parameter 2B)
Full voltage current
1
2
3
Rotor speed (% full speed)
Current(%motorfullloadcurrent)
Start Method: Constant Current
28. • Current ramp soft starting raises the current from a specified
starting level (1) to a maximum limit (3), over an extended
period of time (2).
• Current ramp starting can be useful for applications where:
– the load can vary between starts
– the load breaks away easily, but starting time needs to be extended
– the electricity supply is limited
4
Initial current (parameter 2C)
Start ramp time (parameter 2D)
Current limit (parameter 2B)
Full voltage current
1
2
3
Time
Current(%motorfullloadcurrent)
Start Method: Current Ramp
29. • Kickstart provides a short boost of extra torque at the
beginning of a start, and can be used in conjunction with
current ramp or constant current starting.
• Kickstart can be useful to help start loads that require high
breakaway torque but then accelerate easily (for example
flywheel loads such as presses).
Kickstart level (parameter 2E)
Kickstart time (parameter 2F)
Initial current (parameter 2C)
Start ramp time (parameter 2D)
Current limit (parameter 2B)
Full voltage current
4
1
2
3
5
6
Rotor speed (% full speed)
Current(%motorfullloadcurrent)
Start Method: Kickstart
30. • Adaptive Control is an intelligent motor control technique. In
an Adaptive Control soft start, the LV-DS soft starter adjusts
the current in order to start the motor within a specified time
and using a selected acceleration profile.
Start Method: Adaptive Control Start
31. • Examples:
– Late acceleration on conveyors for a gentle start without belt flap
or chain couplings on milliscreens or belt couplings on fans.
– Early acceleration on submersible pumps where you need to be
above minimum speed quickly.
– Constant acceleration and deceleration where they need linear
response without need for tacho feedback.
Start Method: Adaptive Control Start
32. Stop Method Performance Result
Coast To Stop Natural load run down
TVR Soft Stop Extended run down time
Adaptive Control Extended run down time according to
selected deceleration profile
Brake Reduced run down time
Soft starters are often used in pumping applications to eliminate the
damaging effects of fluid hammer. Adaptive Control should be the
preferred stop method for these applications.
Stop Methods
33. • During each start and stop, the soft starter
compares the motor’s estimated speed with the
selected profile.
• The soft starter then adjusts the power to the
motor to achieve the selected profile (more
power if the estimated speed is too low, less
power if the speed is too high).
Adaptive Control
34. • The algorithm refines its model with data from
every subsequent start and stop.
• The user can fine tune the adaptive control gain
for smoother performance.
• Changing the gain or motor settings will restart
the learning process, and the next start will use
Constant Current.
Adaptive Control
35. • Controls acceleration/deceleration – is largely
unaffected by changes in load.
• Provides choice of starting and stopping profiles
– performance can be matched to load
requirements.
• Ideal for pumping stopping: the varying needs of
pump applications mean no single deceleration
profile is ideal for all situations.
Adaptive Control