Luca RăZvan Reflexia șI RefracțIa Luminii
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INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM THEORY LIGHT AND ITS PRINCIPLES
The General Characteristics, Properties and Classification of Wave, The Nature of Light (Is that
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Light refracts when passing from one medium to another with a different density. When light travels from a less dense to a more dense medium, it bends toward the normal, and when traveling from more dense to less dense, it bends away from the normal. The refractive index is a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed in a particular medium, and is represented by the Greek letter μ. Snell's law describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction.
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Light refracts when passing from one medium to another with a different density. When light travels from a less dense to a more dense medium, it bends toward the normal, and when traveling from more dense to less dense, it bends away from the normal. The refractive index is a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed in a particular medium, and is represented by the Greek letter μ. Snell's law describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction.
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This document discusses prisms, their properties, and uses in optometry. It defines key prism terminology like apex, base, axis, and apical angle. It explains how prisms refract light and cause deviation according to Snell's law. Prisms are used clinically for diagnosing and managing eye alignment conditions like esotropia. They help measure deviation angles and correct angles of deviation. Prisms are also used in ophthalmic instruments like slit lamps and microscopes due to their light reflecting properties.
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Physiology of vision
Vision occurs through a process called phototransduction where light is converted to nerve impulses in the retina. In photoreceptors like rods and cones, light causes changes in the visual pigment rhodopsin which initiates a biochemical cascade leading to hyperpolarization and decreased neurotransmitter release. Ganglion cell signals are transmitted to the brain where visual perception involves the integration of light sense, form sense, contrast sense and color sense provided by trichromatic and opponent process theories of color vision.
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Geometric optics
This document provides an overview of geometric optics, including reflection, mirrors, refraction, and lenses. It discusses how light rays reflect off mirrors according to the law of reflection, forming real images with plane mirrors and virtual images with spherical mirrors, whether concave or convex. Concave mirrors bring parallel rays to a focus at their focal point, while convex mirrors cause parallel rays to appear to diverge from a virtual focal point.
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