Louis Sullivan was an American architect born in Massachusetts in 1856. He studied architecture at MIT but dropped out and later studied in Paris. He moved to Chicago in 1873 where he joined the firm of Dankmar Adler and became a partner in 1879. Some of Sullivan's most notable buildings include the Auditorium Building in Chicago (1889), the Wainwright Building in St. Louis (1890), and the Guaranty Building in Buffalo (1894). Sullivan pioneered modern skyscrapers and was a pioneer of the Chicago School of Architecture. He is known for his innovative use of ornamentation inspired by nature and innovative steel-frame construction techniques. Sullivan died in 1924 at the age of 67 in Chicago.
THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IS EXPLAINED IN A BRIEF FORMAT THROUGH THE SLIDES THAT RUN THROUGH THE ARTS MOVEMENT FOLLOWED BY THE PRAIRIE STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE.
Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1856. He studied architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for one year. He worked as a draftsman for Furness and Hewitt in Philadelphia and for William Le Baron Jenney in Chicago. In July 1874, Sullivan traveled to Europe where he studied in the Vaudremer studio at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris.
For more information and detailed presentation on other Legendary Architects, visit us at - www.archistudent.net/architects-and-their-works/
Louis sullivan- "father of skyscrapers” "father of modernism“Sarthak Kaura
an American architect,
"father of skyscrapers”
"father of modernism“
Initially achieved fame as theatre architect.
He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School,
A mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects.
Spl. Thanks:
PIYUSH GULATI
SIDDHANT GARG
SHREYA MALIK
VIBHOR SONI
THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IS EXPLAINED IN A BRIEF FORMAT THROUGH THE SLIDES THAT RUN THROUGH THE ARTS MOVEMENT FOLLOWED BY THE PRAIRIE STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE.
Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1856. He studied architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for one year. He worked as a draftsman for Furness and Hewitt in Philadelphia and for William Le Baron Jenney in Chicago. In July 1874, Sullivan traveled to Europe where he studied in the Vaudremer studio at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris.
For more information and detailed presentation on other Legendary Architects, visit us at - www.archistudent.net/architects-and-their-works/
Louis sullivan- "father of skyscrapers” "father of modernism“Sarthak Kaura
an American architect,
"father of skyscrapers”
"father of modernism“
Initially achieved fame as theatre architect.
He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School,
A mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects.
Spl. Thanks:
PIYUSH GULATI
SIDDHANT GARG
SHREYA MALIK
VIBHOR SONI
An architectural style that emerged around early 1960s and was against the architectural styles advocated by Le Corbusier and Ludwig vies Van der Rohe.
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Definition
Birth of arts and crafts
Influences
Social reforms of arts and crafts
Principles
Characteristics
Ideals
Architecture
Features
John ruskin
William morris
Architects
Decline of arts and crafts movement
Arts and crafts movement in US
Arts and crafts movement vs arts nouveau
The famous American architect, Frank Lloyd Wright changed the way we build and the way we live. As an architect, Frank Lloyd Wright was known for many things, but perhaps his most famed characteristic was his exceptional attention to detail – in many of his projects, each furniture piece was designed specifically for its intended location.
An architectural style that emerged around early 1960s and was against the architectural styles advocated by Le Corbusier and Ludwig vies Van der Rohe.
OUTLINE
Definition
Birth of arts and crafts
Influences
Social reforms of arts and crafts
Principles
Characteristics
Ideals
Architecture
Features
John ruskin
William morris
Architects
Decline of arts and crafts movement
Arts and crafts movement in US
Arts and crafts movement vs arts nouveau
The famous American architect, Frank Lloyd Wright changed the way we build and the way we live. As an architect, Frank Lloyd Wright was known for many things, but perhaps his most famed characteristic was his exceptional attention to detail – in many of his projects, each furniture piece was designed specifically for its intended location.
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Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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2. EARLY LIFE
● He was born in Massachusetts, United States.
● He lived mostly with his grandparents and used to bunk his school in
order to observe nature
● At the age 16 he joined architecture school at MIT , but later year he
found the study of orders boring and became a dropped out .
● Sullivan moved to paris and studied at Ecole des Beaux arts
● He was heavily influenced by michelangelo's paintings
● He then moved to chicago near his parents for building boom and job
opportunities in the boom town
● He then joined Dankman adler’s firm as a draftsman.Adler was a
acoustic engineer .
● Within 2 years he became partner of alders firm. They made a good
pair as sullivan was a great facade design.
3. ● Tensions overflowed in 1886 when a bob exploded in the middle of the
violent confrontation between protestors and police in chicago haymarket
square
● Louis sullivan was the first mighty man of courage with a great voice
● Dank mark adler had ability to design acoustic theatres and it was a great
opportunity for louis sullivan to design auditorium to demonstrate his
talent
● They both designed 3 buildings at a time and the centrepiece was 4000
seat theatre and other was 400 room hotel and 11 story office block
● This auditorium was a civic monument with a challenging foundation that
support mammoth structure on chicago famously spongy lakeside soil
● Also frank lloyd wright assisted to execute the design of this massive
solid stone structure
MIDDLE LIFE
4. ● He sustained designing banks in his later life
● He had is autobiography written with the title “THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF AN IDEA”
● By the end of 1920s Louis Sullivan unfortunately got no commissions .
● His final work, the Krause Music Store, was an incredibly modest two-story residence above a music shop located in a quiet and
relatively removed residential neighborhood in Chicago.
● Sullivan was broke, in poor health, and living in a rented room at the time.
● In 1924 he died at the age of 67.
● He was buried in Chicago’s Graceland Cemetery.
Krause Music Store
END LIFE
6. BUILDINGS
Martin Ryerson Tomb,
Graceland Cemetery, Chicago
(1887)
Auditorium Building,
Chicago (1889)
Carrie Eliza Getty Tomb, Graceland
Cemetery, Chicago (1890)
Wainwright Building, St.
Louis (1890)
James H. Walker Warehouse &
Company Store, Chicago (1886–1889)
Wainwright tomb St. Louis
(1890)
Chicago stock exchange chicago
(1894)
James Charnley House chicago
,1891
7. Guaranty Building, Buffalo (1894) Bayer building ,New York City
(1898).
Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox
Cathedral and Rectory, Chicago
(1900–1903)
Carson Pirie Scott store, known as
"Sullivan Center") Chicago
(1899–1904)
National Farmer's Bank,
Owatonna, Minnesota (1908)
St. Paul United Methodist Church,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa (1910)
Peoples Savings Bank, Cedar
Rapids, Iowa (1912)
Merchants' National Bank,
Grinnell, Iowa (1914)
8. Home Building Association Company,
Newark, Ohio (1914)
Purdue State Bank, West Lafayette,
Indiana (1914)
People Federal Savings and Loan
Association, Sidney, Ohio (1918)
Farmers and Merchants Bank, Columbus,
Wisconsin (1919)
Krause Music Store, Chicago (final
commission 1922; front façade only)
9. PHILOSOPHY
He created original art patterns from nature
may it be a chimney pipe ,railing etc.
He believed ‘ form is evolved based
on function’
He was inspired by michelangelo's paintings.His early
ornament has links to that of the Gothic Revival style
He tried creating new style of of architecture
ie. american architecture .While others
were drawing elements from european style
Sullivan’s approach towards architecture not
only consist of theories but a religion of
architecture. His writings comprised emotional
intensity
He called his architecture organic, described it
creative spirit from generation to generation, from
age to age according to the nature of man and his
circumstances as they both change.
A structure must exhibit the three qualities of firmitas, utilitas, venustas – that is, it
must be "solid, useful, beautiful."-Louis sullivan
10. HIS CONTRIBUTION TO ORNAMENTATION
● Ornamentation was used make more interesting silhouettes
with a great scale to make it less scary for pedestrians
● And in gilded age ornamentation was everywhere and
buildings were carved stones, brick pattern, and pressed metal
for the purpose of certain appeal to attract and in market
signage or identity for the own of building
● Louis sullivan nature burst forth in vigorous bold
ornamentation and completely original unlike other architects
his ornament was sketched by his own hands
● His ornament was mostly with a floral and integrity and
vitality making buildings unique
● He believed that ornamentation is a way to confer character
11. FEATURES OF HIS BUILDINGS
Sullivan sought to connect the building to the natural
world and historical precedent with ornamentation
The building is remarkable for its steel-framed
structure.
He often punctuated their plain surfaces with
eruptions of lush Art Nouveau ironwork
Usually cast in iron or terracotta, from organic forms
like vines and ivy, tomore geometric designs, and
interlace. It acts as a fire proofing for the steel frames
and also hides the steel joints.
Signature element of Sullivan's work is the massive, semi-circular arch. Sullivan employed such
arches throughout his career—in shaping entrances, in framing windows( bay window , chicago
window and circular window) , or as interior design.
12. Ornamented cornice perforated by windows at
the roof level, where the building's mechanical
units were housed. The cornice is covered by
Sullivan's trademark Art Nouveau vines and each
ground-floor .
Stained-glass window is framed by a stone
garland.
Exterior has brick spandrels and piers over
the structural steel skeletal frame.Entire
façade with ornamentation richly detailed in
geometric and curvilinear forms of nature.
His ornamentation not only served beauty but also
functional purpose ie. he integrated all mechanical
functions [lighting ,ventilation etc.] into visual
ornamental design.
Mosaic and marble flooring.
The ceiling were decorated with ceiling stencils made of
many colours. ‘It was as if sullivan had created a garden
that was floating above head.
