The purpose of this paper is to study and analyse the changes in logistics technologies concerning Industry 4.0. The paper discusses the effect logistics 4.0 innovations have on Intellectual Property (IP) management. Logistics 4.0 has marked a new era and introduced a novel concept to both industry and service communities. New entrepreneurial ideas based on different technologies are introduced which enables the digital transformation of logistics. This transformation also impacts innovation and various IP processes and its management. The approach used in this paper is exploratory in nature. The case study methodology is followed. This paper will discuss various examples of digital applications. Then a case will be selected for the analysis and categorization of innovation and IP. The categorization will take place based on different logistics 4.0 definitions as well as with concepts related to the types of innovation provided by the Oslo Manual and the IP management implications that are generated. This study has a limitation concerning the empirical part. More empirical research and studies should be conducted concerning logistics 4.0, innovation and IP management context. The findings of the case study will act as a guiding path for the upcoming studies, senior officials, policymakers, managers, and business leaders. The paper provides a holistic background of logistics and the revolution of Logistic 4.0. It also discusses the impact it has on innovation and IP management. The results show some important elements that have to be considered in the digital transformation of logistics 4.0. The paper can be used as a base for future research in specific issues related to Innovation and IP management concerning Logistic 4.0.

1. LOGISTICS 4.0, INNOVATION &
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
EVALUATION: THE MODERATING
EFFECTS OF ITS ADOPTION
MOHAMMAD AMR ABD ELKADER, Egypt
MARÍA LUISA VILLALBA MORALES, Colombia
PRIYADARSHINI SINGHᴥ, India
Sep 2021

2. Agenda
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical background
3. Methodology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
6. References

3. 1. Introduction
https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/gsearch.html?cx=016458537594905406506%3Ahmturfwvzzq&cof=FORID%3A11&q=artificial+intelligence+#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=artificial%20intelligence%20&gsc.page=1
• Big data, Data mining, artificial intelligence (AI),
machine language are terms that are fancied around
the technology domain. The semantic analysis in these
trends establishes that technology trends dictate patent
analysis and other data-driven/factual pieces of
evidence that collectively display the contribution from
the different sectors in the WIPO report (WIPO, 2019)
• The current reports consider assistive technology (AT,
2021) for the impaired. The 2019 report presents the
wholesome picture of AI and the evidence-based trends
like AI patent boom, ML being the most popular AI
technique, and AI having the highest growth rate

4. 1. Introduction
https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/gsearch.html?cx=016458537594905406506%3Ahmturfwvzzq&cof=FORID%3A11&q=artificial+intelligence+#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=artificial%20intelligence%20&gsc.page=1
• Global innovation index (GII) grew as a concept that
ranks the counties according to their innovation
measures, environments, and output. It has been
published in the form of a report by WIPO (2019).
• The 2021 Global Innovation Index (GII) report gives
considerable insights valuable for the country's
innovation models. GII also states each country’s
position on various innovation indicators that finely
moderate innovation and IP as it aims to rank the
economies around the globe.

5. 1. Introduction
https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/gsearch.html?cx=016458537594905406506%3Ahmturfwvzzq&cof=FORID%3A11&q=artificial+intelligence+#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=artificial%20intelligence%20&gsc.page=1
• The use of Intellectual property (IP) in business has become increasingly inevitable. Organizations
are focused on building virtual infrastructure rather than owning tangible assets. The virtual
infrastructure includes IPs, innovation, value chain creation, strategies, etc. these infrastructures
serve to connect the different domains by usage. These connections and interactions open a
plethora of technologies and give rise to process and product innovation. It provides a holistic
approach for any domain to grow and dominate. Global growth requires sustainability and an all-
inclusive view helps in establishing it.
• GII reports mention the logistics performance of each economy concerning the ITC section that is
evident to show the importance of logistics and developments like logistics 4.0. Also, mention of
human capital and resources, knowledge and technology outputs, and creative outputs indicate
that IP, innovation, and intangible assets are essential in today's market.

6. 2. Theoretical background

7. 2. Theoretical background:
Logistics 4.0 generalities
“Smart logistics” or “logistics 4.0”
or “supply chain management 4.0”
(Oleśków-Szłapka & Stachowiak,
2019)
Usage of the internet to formalize and
standardize logistics business processes
(Tang, 2020)
A strategic technological direction that
integrates different types of technologies to
increase both the efficiency and
effectiveness of the supply chain, shifting
the focus of the organizations to value
chains, maximizing the value delivered to
the consumers as well as the customers by
raising the levels of competitiveness (Amr et
al., 2019)

8. 2. Theoretical background:
Innovation types
Oslo Manual
4th version
Product and process
(production of goods or services,
distribution and logistics, marketing and
sales, information and communication
systems, administration and management,
and product and business process
development) (OECD/Eurostat, 2018).
Literature shows that implementing logistics 4.0 will
result in developing new business models (Glistau &
Machado, 2018), automation (Merlino & Spro, 2017)
and integration (Kersten et al., 2015) of supply chains.
This contributes to transformation from supply chain
management to value chain management.
For example, in agri-food supply chains, different
types of innovations have a high potential in reducing
and preventing food waste (Aramyan et al., 2020).

9. 2. Theoretical background:
Intellectual property
The IPs are secured against the
Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs),
the market value/potential of the IP
is put to use.
As a result, companies enhance their
intangible portfolios with meaningful
integration into the value chain and
management
Innovation – IP
Logistics technologies – Innovation – IP

10. 3. Methodology: a case study
Definition of
analysis
criteria
• Application in field of logistics 4.0 / supply chain 4.0; It is classified as innovation;
Technologies with impact in IP (example, internet and copyrights); Company is leader
in logistic; available information by internet
Selection of
cases
• Salodoo
• B & R
• Toll Group
Analyse the
case
• Innovation types
• Sellection of principal case
• Loking for specific information

11. 3. Cases Technologies Salodoo Planform
Owner company DHL
Own description
Saloodo! Is an online freight exchange and digital freight forwarder with
many advantages for companies with transport needs. You have all the
freedom of a neutral marketplace and the security and comfort of a digital
freight forwarder at the same time. Transport providers will find suitable
cargo at Saloodo! To avoid empty runs
Page https://www.saloodo.com/
Market Time Four years (2016)
Employees 60 (Owler, 2021)
Innovation
According with (Manners-Bell & Lyon, 2019), Saloodo is a developed
technology as a cloud-based application. Its purpose is to compare the
demand with the order capacity, offering a safe alternative for the client,
and optimal for the company, for the distribution of merchandise at an
international level.
DHL, with Saloodo, creates a new, additional business model, because as
an intermediary between shippers and transporters - without your own
trucks or warehouses (Uhl & Mahnken, 2019).

12. 4. Discussion
• Leader in the field of logistics and supply chain
• It has 4 innovation centres in different locations in the world
• DHL introduced several logistics solutions into the market
• According to DHL, the current logistics scene faces a lot of challenges
As a result, the process will be centralized which is not possible in the
globalization action.
Salodoo is a digital freight that is considered a marketplace for logistics
services (Elbert & Gleser, 2019; Saloodo! Your Digital Freight Platform,
2021)

13. Figure 2: Integration between Salodoo and different ERP systems (DHL, 2021)
Based on the previously mentioned features
and analysis, Salodoo changed the logistics
scene through integrating the whole value
chain into a digital marketplace using
various digital technologies. This shows that
DHL adopted the same pre-mentioned
definition of logistics 4.0 by Amr et al.
(2019).
4. Discussion

14. 4. Discussion
Innovation type Saloodo! B&R Toll
Product x x X
Process - production of goods or services
Process - distribution and logistics x x X
Process - marketing and sales x
Process - information and communication systems x x X
Process - administration and management x x
Process - product and business process development x
ࢱ Super grid logistics, logistics marketplaces, and sustainable logistics are the most relevant
technology trends that are growing at a fast pace.
ࢱ The trends show that the transformed logistics and supply chain have subtly ingrained the
innovations and have boosted the IP
ࢱ Thereby affecting the IPM process within the organization.

15. 5. Conclusion
Logistics technologies – Innovation – IP
focuses on the logistics challenges
This implies strengthening the innovation
management system
Elements like the customers, supplier, competitive
counterparts, new entrants, and the threat of
substitutes are essentially seen affecting the
innovation, strategies, and IPM processes

16. Remembrance
Priyadarshini Singh
June 2021

17. THANK YOU MOHAMMAD AMR ABD ELKADER, mamr@nu.edu.eg
MARÍA LUISA VILLALBA MORALES, mvillalba@uco.edu.co