The document describes four types of volcanoes and their locations: 1) submarine volcanoes form at mid-ocean ridges where tectonic plates are spreading apart, 2) composite cone volcanoes form in island arcs at convergent plate boundaries, 3) stratovolcanoes form where oceanic plates subduct under continental plates and erupt acidic lava, and 4) shield volcanoes form at hotspots and erupt basic lava non-violently. It also mentions calderas formed by collapse of magma chambers.