Load shedding, also known as rolling blackouts, occurs in Pakistan when electricity demand exceeds supply. It slows industrialization and disrupts people's daily lives. Load shedding is common in Pakistan due to mismanagement, defective policies, corruption, and lack of infrastructure investment to increase power generation. The government must address issues like increasing salaries to curb bribery, reducing electricity theft, and building more power plants to generate sufficient electricity to meet demand.

1. Name : Saad Mazhar
ID : SP12-BB-0056
Course : Oral Communication
Article On : Load Shedding In Pakistan
Date : 26-11-2012
Submitted To : Ma’am Rubina

2. LOAD SHEDDING IN PAKISTAN
Load shedding is whatelectric utilities do when there is a huge demand for
electricity that exceeds the generation available. The alternative is to havea
brown-outwherethe voltage is reduced.
Load shedding is common or even a normaldaily event, where electricity
generation capacity is underfunded or infrastructureis poorly managed. Load
shedding in developed countries are rarebecause demand is accurately
forecasted, adequate infrastructureinvestmentis scheduled and networks are
well managed; such events are considered an unacceptable failure of planning
and can causesignificant political damage to responsiblegovernments. In well
managed under-capacity systems load shedding scheduled in advanceand
advertised to allow people to work around them but in mostcases they happen
without warning, typically whenever the transmission frequency falls below the
'safe' limit.
Load shedding can affect a country's economy becauseit slows down
industrialization and affects people's lifestyles. During the daytime it affects
commercial and industrialoperations and, when load-shedding operations are in
the evening hours, also affects students'studies.
In Pakistan load shedding of electricity is only due to defective policies. The
electricity load shedding in Pakistan would havenot been a big problem to cope
with but its made much bigger by adopting the defective policies.
Most of us believe that load shedding at presentis the resultof the government`s
mismanagement, though in reality this is not so. All stakeholders, including
consumers, employees and the government, are equally involved and responsible.
As inflation and unemploymentis increasing day by day, so are the prices of
electricity. Consumers areunable to afford the high cost of electricity and due to
that they haveadopted an alternative way giving monthly bribe to employees of
electricity-supplying companies.

3. As employees are also unable to run their households with the little amountthey
earn, they are collecting monthlies in the thousands. Instead of this money going
to the government, it is going into the pockets of the employees.
Owing to this the load shedding is happening and it is increasing day by day. The
governmentis unable to bear the huge costs but now is time the government
realised and tried to solve the load shedding problemas quickly as possibleby
holding talks with employees and with consumers.
The government musttry to increasethe salaries of the employees and try to
curtail the theft of illegal electricity. In this way we may avoid the so-called load
shedding.
Itcosts a lot to have generators standing by justin casethere is a surgeof
demand, and the operators of those generators expect to be paid whether they
run the generators or not. An alternative is if there is a large consumer of
electricity (say, a factory) that could suddenly turn off all its electricity demand,
they could agree to do that on request, and it has the same benefit as adding that
amount of generation to the electric grid. In fact, it's better as there is less
demand on the wires which are often saturated at the same time.
That factory has losses fromshutting down its equipment and idling its workers,
but if the money it gets paid is enough, then it's worth it. This is a perfect example
of load shedding.
There are many other cases where lots of smaller consumers agreeto reduce
demand on hot summer days, such as by reducing air conditioning or lighting.
The government should generate more electricity for the futureand present by
building power plants to make electricity .