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How Librarians Are Coping with New Challenges Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age   S-11 BC Library Conference  Saturday, April 24, 2010 http://theseptemberproject.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/banned-books-baby.jpg
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Children, Teens &  Intellectual Freedom http://theseptemberproject.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/kids1. jpg   http://www.coverbrowser.com/image/books-about-media/375-1. jpg
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/oif/ifissues/censorshipschools.cfm   http://www.band-of-rights.org/bandimages/armbands.jpg   http://vantech.vsb.bc.ca/ss/pm/ss11/online/ss11/government/Charter.gif
Intellectual Freedom,  Canadian Library Association ,[object Object],http://www.cla.ca/Content/NavigationMenu/Resources/PositionStatements/Statement_on_Intell.htm
American Library Association Library Bill of Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
American Library Association Library Bill of Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Canada: Student’s Bill of Information Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],http://www.cla.ca/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Publications2&Template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=2713
ALA’s Intellectual Freedom Committee--ALSC & YALSA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intellectual Freedom includes Privacy ,[object Object],[object Object]
Rationale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New London Group (1996) Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://wwwstatic.kern.org/filer/blogWrite44ManilaWebsite/paul/articles/A_Pedagogy_of_Multiliteracies_Designing_Social_Futures.htm
James P. Gee: What Video Games Teach Us About Literacy ,[object Object],[object Object],http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Paul_Gee
Literacies of the Digital Age http://www.intermedia.uio.no/download/attachments/23037190/closing.jpg   http://themobilelearner.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/child-with-iphone.jpg   http://i540.photobucket.com/albums/gg331/Aine82/Books/twilight.jpg   http://i.zdnet.com/blogs/brick-wishful.jpg   http://www.secularmuslims.com/hijabgirl4a.jpeg   http://www.essence.com/images/mt/african-american-boy-drawing.jpg
Literacies of the Digital Age http://librarynext.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/litchart.gif
Sonia Livingstone, PhD ,[object Object],http://www.policypress.co.uk/localjackets/l/9781847424389.jpg   http://www.ucl.ac.uk/mellon-program/seminars/2003-2004/abstracts/livingstone.shtml (2009)
Critical Multicultural Information Literacy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sum: New Literacies Connect all Aspects of Young People’s Lives ,[object Object],http://www.simplyhomemade.ca/images/events/so_banner_84.jpg   http://mobileweb.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/teen-girl-sending-sms.jpg
How Public Librarians Are Coping with New (and Old) Challenges Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age
Introduction
New literacies, Intellectual Freedom  & Youth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Common Types of Challenges  in Public Libraries  & Examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Attempts at censorship have been around for a long time…
Brief history of BC Censorship  1950-1979 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Brief history of BC Censorship 1980-2000 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenge Examples by type ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenge Examples by type  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenge Examples by type ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenge Examples  by type ,[object Object],[object Object]
Challenge Examples  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Survey of BC Public Libraries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Population Served
Survey Results  Challenges in last 5 yrs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Topics most likely to be challenged
Survey Results Examples of items challenged Graphic Novel collection  - content not suitable for children.  Zombie Butts from Uranus  /  Just Disgusting  by Andy Griffiths - 2 responses  Game Informer magazine  - parent thought “sexually loaded graphics” inappropriate for 10 yr old son P oster of ABCs in the Childrens area -  objection to W for Witch and Y for Yoga
Survey Results Other books challenged ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Internet Issues: Filtering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Internet Issues: Complaints ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Internet Issues: Responses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey Results  Questions raised ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
In summary... ,[object Object],[object Object]
Resources for further information  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intellectual Freedom Courses & Contacts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenges in BC School Libraries: looking at two fronts in the battle Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age
Intellectual Freedom in BC Schools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Challenges in school libraries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Book Leveling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Book Leveling and School Library Collections ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Content ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Curriculum ,[object Object],[object Object]
Chamberlain v. Surrey District School Board No. 36, [2002] 4 S.C.R. 710, 2002 SCC 86 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chamberlain v. Surrey District School Board No. 36, [2002] 4 S.C.R. 710, 2002 SCC 86 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Genres ,[object Object],[object Object]
Genres ,[object Object],[object Object]
Censorship in BC school libraries ,[object Object]
Censorship from within ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Important points that teacher-librarians need to take into account, if they perceive that censorship issues have arisen in their libraries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The BC School Act ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The BC Civil Liberties Union (BCCLU) ,[object Object]
The  UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified by Canada in 1990 ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Canadian Library Association (CLA) Statement on Intellectual Freedom ,[object Object]
How can school districts in BC remain vigilant against censorship issues? ,[object Object]
How can school districts in BC remain vigilant against censorship issues? ,[object Object]
How can school districts in BC remain vigilant against censorship issues? ,[object Object]
Contact us: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thank you! To find our presentation online, go to http://www.slideshare.net/casllibrarian/literacies-and-issues-of-intellectual-freedom

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1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
 

Literacies and issues of intellectual freedom

  • 1. How Librarians Are Coping with New Challenges Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age S-11 BC Library Conference Saturday, April 24, 2010 http://theseptemberproject.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/banned-books-baby.jpg
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  • 3. Children, Teens & Intellectual Freedom http://theseptemberproject.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/kids1. jpg http://www.coverbrowser.com/image/books-about-media/375-1. jpg
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  • 14. Literacies of the Digital Age http://www.intermedia.uio.no/download/attachments/23037190/closing.jpg http://themobilelearner.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/child-with-iphone.jpg http://i540.photobucket.com/albums/gg331/Aine82/Books/twilight.jpg http://i.zdnet.com/blogs/brick-wishful.jpg http://www.secularmuslims.com/hijabgirl4a.jpeg http://www.essence.com/images/mt/african-american-boy-drawing.jpg
  • 15. Literacies of the Digital Age http://librarynext.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/litchart.gif
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  • 19. How Public Librarians Are Coping with New (and Old) Challenges Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age
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  • 32. Survey Results Population Served
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  • 34. Survey Results Topics most likely to be challenged
  • 35. Survey Results Examples of items challenged Graphic Novel collection - content not suitable for children. Zombie Butts from Uranus / Just Disgusting by Andy Griffiths - 2 responses Game Informer magazine - parent thought “sexually loaded graphics” inappropriate for 10 yr old son P oster of ABCs in the Childrens area - objection to W for Witch and Y for Yoga
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  • 44. Challenges in BC School Libraries: looking at two fronts in the battle Literacies and Issues of Intellectual Freedom in the Digital Age
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  • 66. Thank you! To find our presentation online, go to http://www.slideshare.net/casllibrarian/literacies-and-issues-of-intellectual-freedom

Editor's Notes

  1. What is it? Why is it important? Who provides support and guidance? What are the key documents & resources?
  2. Children, Young Adults and the Digital Age Impact of technology on print and non-print worlds Goal of Literacy and New Literacies
  3. Why should we defend it? Core value of librarianship Ensures all voices are heard Ensures that the diversity of thought in our communities is represented And a reminder that the fact that a particular item is on the shelf does not mean that you or the library endorses its content. What the library does endorse is free access to that item, despite the objections of those who would censor it. When we do defend intellectual freedom: We wrestle with ethical and philosophical dilemmas We challenge ourselves and others to entertain or at least tolerate different ideas and values We get into trouble – with community organizations, churches, parents, those on the right and those on the left And if we don’t: We allow voices to be silenced We open the door for other voices to be silenced We erode this core principle
  4. In the several decades since my first library job in the 1970s, we have gone from reel-to-reel tape and 16mm film to mp3 and blue-ray; from room-sized computers to handheld mobile devices. This changing relationship with how Canadians seek out information and entertainment has necessarily meant a change in approach for libraries – new literacies for librarians as well as for our patrons. As well we are facing a whole new set of challenges with respect to the community’s expectations that we provide a “safe” environment for children and youth. Audio – Does anyone remember challenges to heavy metal and rap music in your cassette and CD collections? Visual – I’ve included comics and graphic novels here because both tend to be challenged as much for the visual representation of their content as for the content itself. This is equally true of Video and DVD. Public computers – Our first public computers in the late 80s and early 90s offered controlled content – CD-Roms, installed programs, “safe” educational games like Magic School Bus. When the Internet opened the world to our public library users in the mid-90s, we were faced with an unlimited and uncontrollable landscape of visual images and information. We have all struggled with ways to protect access to wide array of information while offering some measure of safety for young children.
  5. The Internet has given individuals, organizations, and businesses a new opportunity to promote and communicate their ideas worldwide. It has also given users of our public computers access to vast array of information – both authoritative and blatantly inaccurate, child-friendly and full of sexual and violent images. As librarians, we are charged with extricating resources that may be of value to our patrons and with making hard decisions about the type of access we provide. Among the most controversial and difficult of these is our decisions about the type of access we provide to children.
  6. I’m going to give you some historical and current examples of challenges and censorship from British Columbia.
  7. These are some historical examples of attempts at censorship in the second half of the 20 th century in British Columbia involving formats or titles of interest to children and youth.
  8. I’d like to briefly elude to one example I have not included because it did not relate to children and youth directly. I think it demonstrates the grey areas that arise as we struggle with censorship issues. Among the “censorship” issues listed in Censorship in BC is one in which I was involved. In 1991, I chose not to purchase American Psycho by Brett Ellis for the Nelson Municipal Library . This could have been just one more selection decision – the book was not well reviewed and no one had specifically requested it – except that the book was controversial and I was interviewed by the local paper about my decision not to purchase it. Years later, I felt somewhat vindicated in my decision by a study that showed that most purchased copies of the book did not circulate well and were languishing on library shelves. However, this example does raise a significant question as to where selection ends and censorship begins. Was I right or wrong not to purchase the book? Was I playing it safe or spending a small collections budget wisely?
  9. Now let’s take a closer look at recent challenges by type of challenge: Naylor, Phyllis Reynolds. Outrageously Alice . Cause of objection — The library patron said that the book should be shelved in a “mature section” or children should be denied access to the book. Update —The library retained the book in the children’s collection. Vigna, Judith. Black Like Kyra, White Like Me . Cause of objection —The complainant said the story “reinforces negative stereotypes about blacks and positive types about whites.” Update —The book was retained in the library’s collection. Willhoite, Michael. Daddy’s Roommate . Cause of objection —The complainant said that this fictional children’s book, which has a homosexual theme, was “not a proper role model for children.” Update —The complainant did not pursue the challenge, so the book stayed in the library.  
  10. BPL - Parent complained that small child could see the sexually suggestive cover of newspaper. Asked for paper to be removed. Paper was moved to a higher shelf but not removed. Excerpt from letter to complainant - “In our collections, for example, there are books and DVDs about many different religions and about atheism, about being lesbian or gay from a variety of perspectives, about animal rights and hunting. Each of these books or DVDs represents a point of view that some may embrace and some may find offensive. In our view, providing these materials is part of what it means to live in the “tolerant” and “plural” society you mention in your attached comment card. Our decision, therefore, is to continue to offer Xtra West as one of our free newspapers in our library. (3 similar complaints in one year) FVRL – see attached notes.
  11. BPL - Parent lodged complaint at a branch of Burnaby Public Library. Her 10 yr old son saw sexually explicit images when passing behind two older boys using a public internet station in the adult area of the branch. Parent was not happy that the adult stations were not filtered. Investigations revealed that some privacy screens were missing and some were ineffective. Screens replaced. Chief Librarian responded to parent with the results of our privacy screen investigations and also noted that BPL offers a choice of filtered stations in the children’s area and unfiltered stations in the adult area . She also noted that we use DeepFreeze on all of our computers so that they are reset between logons and accidental viewing of a previous user’s material can’t occur. Parent did not pursue the complaint further. VIRL update – Currently provides a choice of filtered and unfiltered stations in all branches. The “acceptable use” portion of the policy only restricts illegal activities on the library’s computers. Well-written policy. Acceptable use policies – A question for you to consider - how often do we exert our discretionary powers to ask an adult patron in a small branch or library to refrain from viewing inappropriate content on the Internet? Is an acceptable use policy so different? Or is it an infringement on the intellectual freedom of the Internet user?
  12. The Walk was endorsed by a variety of groups including: Boycott Israeli Apartheid Campaign (BIAC) International Solidarity Movement Jews for a Just Peace Solidarity for Palestinian Human Rights (SPHR-UBC) Vancouver & District Labour Council The poster was considered to be too political. VPL's poster policy ( http://www.vpl.ca/about/details/distributing_posters_and_newspapers ) excludes, "Political posters for individual political parties or candidates” and also includes in its statement of principle the following: “"Vancouver Public Library will not distribute material that is primarily commercial or political and does not have compensating cultural or community importance.” VPL requested a legal opinion on the poster as a “human rights issue.” The intent of the policy was later revisited by staff and board. By the time all discussion had been concluded, it was too late to reinstate the poster . It was my understanding, however, that it was agreed that the poster should not have been removed.
  13. Vancouver Public Library - Assisted suicide presentation - The VPL board decided to deny access to its meeting room for a presentation by Exit International when it was discovered that part of the evening would be devoted to counseling some of those attending about assisted suicide which is still illegal in British Columbia. The Intellectual Freedom Committee of BCLA wrote a letter acknowledging the difficulty of coming to a decision on this topic, expressing regret at the decision that was made, and asking for the legal opinion to be released. The City Librarian responded with the reasons for the decision but did not release the legal opinion.
  14. Flaws - Survey did not tie responses to particular library for purposes of fact-checking or filling out incomplete responses. Reasons for and responses to challenges were not always given.
  15. It’s not surprising that more smaller public libraries responded as there are more of them - 56% of BC’s 71 public libraries serve populations of less than 10,000.
  16. “ Don’t know” is telling but not sure of what – turnover in staff or lack of record-keeping on challenges.
  17. Added vampires due to the current craze but interestingly they are still outweighed by Witchcraft.
  18. Graphic Novel collection - Library separated into Junior and Teen Zombie Butts from Uranus / Just Disgusting both by Andy Griffiths - Reasons for the complaints were not given in either case but the books were kept on the shelves . One librarians explained that the books were for reluctant boy readers Gr 4-6 and were popular while the other invoked the library’s IF statement. Game Informer magazine - Library recognized that, while the magazine's graphic and text might not suit a child's interests, it was definitely of interest to teens and was shelved in the Teen collection for that reason. P oster of ABCs in the Childrens area - “Immediate response to challenge was to bite tongue to stop laughter. Can't recall exact response to patron but I am sure I mentioned the poster merely reflected what kids find in contemporary life and reading and we try to keep our collection balanced and have something for everyone.”
  19. The fact that the responding libraries are nearly evenly divided on the four different approaches reflects the fact that we have not yet found one commonly accepted way of addressing Internet access for minors on our public computers. The option of no filter and no parental permission was not included in my original survey but was so often written in that I have included it in the percentages above. Note that 43% of the respondents indicated that filters were used for children’s computers in their libraries.
  20. Interesting that sex and violence once again rank high in parents’ concerns. If I had included chat on the survey, I may well have had a higher number of responses. I admit that I had assumed this was a fading issue – much like the initial resistance by many libraries to allow access to email on public computers – but I can see that it isn’t. Chat may be a greater issue when there are fewer available computers and when children use the computers in the social manner to which they are accustomed – several pre-teen girls gathered around the computer giggling and/or arguing.
  21. The first two are examples of an “acceptable use” approach; the second two of our continuing attempts to reinforce with parents that we are not “in loco parentis” and that they must monitor their children’s viewing.
  22. These questions were raised directly or indirectly in survey responses and deserve some further discussion – though unfortunately we don’t have time to cover them all here. You will, however, get some tips on how the last issue can be handled in Richard’s presentation. And…
  23. You can continue dialogue on these issues by joining the Intellectual Freedom Committee and signing up for its listserv and raising these issues within your libraries and among your colleagues at regional librarian meetings. Though I am by no means an expert on this topic myself, I’d be happy to share knowledge gained from experience or connect you with others if you find yourself struggling with a challenge. My email will be at the end of this presentation. I’ve included links to online resources in the next slide.
  24. “ What’s that doing in my library” is the online version of the print brochure you’ll find in the back of the room. Produced by IFC – very helpful when facing a challenge and to educate patrons.