Pakistan has a low literacy rate of approximately 57% according to unreliable figures, ranking 113th out of 120 countries. Literacy rates are even lower in rural areas and among women. High illiteracy threatens Pakistan's fragile democracy by allowing corrupt politicians to exploit illiterate voters. Though the government emphasizes education policies, implementation is lacking due to low funding - only 2.1% of GDP goes to education compared to 60% for defense. Poverty is also a major barrier to literacy. Improving public education, expanding access especially for women and rural populations, and addressing corruption could help increase Pakistan's literacy rate.