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1. 21st Century Literature
from the Philippines and
the World

2. DIAGNOSTIC TEST
DIRECTIONS: Analyze each
statement and determine its truth or
falsity. Make a HAPPY FACE if the
statement states TRUTH and SAD
FACE if OTHERWISE.

3. The word LITERATURE
came from the latin word
LITERA which means
LETTERS.

4. According to the late MILAGROS
TANLAYCO, a literary scholar from UST,
literature is a repository of man’s thoughts,
presented in a language that is beautiful
and unforgettable.

5. ‘’LITERATURE’’ pertains to
texts that are accessible to the
masses and could be read and
understood by everyone. In other
words, these are popular works.

6. It was WILLIAM HOWARD
TAFT who penned the literary
standards that became a
barometer for literary works.

7. For HENRY VAN DYKE,
literature is any piece of writing
that carries an idea that may
even speak of the future.

8. LITERATURE

9. LITERATURE
•In traditional sense, anything
that is written which is made up
of alphabets or characters is
considered literature.

10. •Tracing the word’s etymology, it
came from the Latin word LITERA
which means letters

11. WELLEK AND AUSTIN’S THEORY OF
LITERATURE
•Works with literary merits
are those that clearly convey
the attitude of the speaker
or writer.

12. •These texts – to a certain extent
– could influence the reader’s
attitude, persuade, and
ultimately ones attitude towards
and idea.

13. HENRY VAN DYKE
•Writings which interpret the
meanings of nature and life, in
words of charm and power, touched
with the personality of the author,
in artistic forms of permanent
interest.

14. RENE WELLEK
•Posits that literature is a creative act
and an art form and also points out
the importance of the creative process
that occurs in the artists mind upon
conceiving the literary works.

15. TERRY EAGLETON
•Emphasizes the linguistic ability of
literature. He claims that literature’s
language is more unique, apart from
being fictional and imaginative. A
great example would be poetry.

16. THOMAS DE QUINCEY
•He classifies literary works
into two kinds:
Literature of knowledge
Literature of Power

17. Literature of Knowledge
•The capability to teach its
reader something new or
relevant

18. LITERATURE OF POWER
•The ability to translate one’s
beliefs or ideals into action,
thus giving the reader the power
the instigate change to his/her
sphere of influence.

19. Literature vs literature

20. Literature
•These works are seen as important, thus it is
valuable to society, making them canons.
•These works are determined by various
institutions such as creative writing centers,
literary institutions, universities, and even
the government.

21. •Must possess form and be expressive,
that contain ideas of permanent and
universal interest. It presents display
of originality of thought and
expression.

22. literature
•Popular literatures that do not have lasting
value.
•Seek to entertain or divert reader’s
attention. It inform about what’s
happening now, or to pass the time of the
day.

23. •Inventive or even demonstrate
artistic value, not writing of
lasting values that imaginatively
expresses ideas of permanent and
universal interest.

24. Literary Standards
1.ARTISTRY
2.INTELLECTUAL VALUE
3.SUGGESTIVE VALUE
4.PERMANENCE

25. 5. STYLE
6. SPIRITUAL VALUE
7. UNIVERSALITY

26. ARTISTRY
•This pertains to technicalities of
the composition of the work,
aesthetic appeal which may pave
the way for truth and beauty.

27. Ode on a Grecian Urn
by John Keats
Truth is beauty, beauty truth
And that is all ye know and all ye need to know

28. INTELLECTUAL VALUE
•Characterized as thought-provoking and
encourages critical thinking and rational
reasoning to make sense of one’s reality as
reflected in the work.
•Focuses on universal and fundamental truth
that governs life.

29. Things Fall Apart
by Chinua Achebe
•It introduces readers to the pre-
colonial Igbo culture and their
struggles with the British
Colonizers.

30. SUGGESTIVE VALUE
•Rely on the affective aspect of
the literary work. It relies on
emotions in order to convey
meanings and messages.

31. After a Great Pain, a Formal Feeling Comes
By Emily Dickinson

32. PERMANENCE
•Classical works that pertains to the
ability of a literary work to withstand the
test of time. These have been canonized
by institutions, centers, universities,
governments, and award-giving bodies.

33. Jo’s Boy’s, Little Women
By May Alcott

34. Sense and Sensibility
Pride and Prejudice
By Jane Austin

35. STYLE
•Somewhat related to artistry as a standard, but
style refers to the way the writer has
expressed themselves in their work. It uses
and unique and creative ways, which make the
word memorable and leave a lasting
impression on its reader.

36. SPIRITUAL VALUE
•Pertains to the literary work that inspire its
readers by lifting the readers’ spirit and
nourishing it. This trait rely on norms and
codes that are generally accepted in society.

37. UNIVERSALITY
•Appeal to all types of readers ranging from all
walks of life. It is considered universal due to
a literary work’s power to cross borders on
gender, racial and cultural barriers, various
beliefs and etc.

38. How far have you learned?

39. Concept Notes:
Literature are seen as important, thus
it is valuable to society, making them
canons, on the other hand literature (with
small letter ‘’l’’) are literary works that
are popular at the moment but will fade
after a long time.

40. Activity No.: 1.1
Activity Title: Literature vs literature

41. DIRECTIONS: Identify what is
being described in each number.
Write your answer on the space
provided.

42. Literature vs. literature
__________1. A word that came from the Latin word litera
which means letters.
__________2. It is a theory that states, a written works can
be considered literature if it won a merit or convey the
attitude of the writer.
__________3. He said that literature interpret the meanings
of nature and life, in words of charm and power.

43. Literature vs. literature
__________4. It ertains to the literary work that
inspire its readers by lifting the readers’ spirit and
nourishing it.
__________5. It pertains to the ability of a literary
work to withstand the test of time.
__________6. It is considered universal due to a
literary work’s power to cross borders on gender,
racial and cultural barriers, various beliefs.

44. DIRECTIONS: Analyze the given examples
according to its truth or falsity. Write TRUE if
it states truth and FALSE if otherwise.

45. __________7. Pride and Prejudice is an example of
Permanence in literature.
__________8. After a Great Pain, a Formal Feeling
Comes is an example of Intellectual Value in literature.
__________9. A good example of Suggestive Value in
literature is Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe.
__________10 . A literature with small ‘’l’’ tells long
lasting value.

46. 11-20. What makes a literary piece Literature
based on what you have learned from the
discussion?

47. Essay
4 3 2 1 0
---- -----
Correctly
identified the term
or phrase asked
With error
in the
term or
phrase
asked
Incorr
ect or
no
answe
r
Correct grammar,
spelling and well-
constructed
sentence
With 1 or 2 incorrect
grammar and or
spelling and not that
well-constructed
With 3 or 4
incorrect grammar
and or spelling
and not that well-
constructed
Many
errors
No
answe
r
Explained well
and correctly with
examples
Correctly explained
but not well done
Explained but
confusing
Not
explained
No
answe
r.

48. Answer Key
1. Literature
2. Wellek and Austin’s Theory
3. Henry Van Dyke
4. Spiritual Value
5. Permanence
6. Universality
7. TRUE (Permanence)
8. TRUE (Suggestive Value)
9. TRUE (Intellectual Value)
10.FALSE