This document discusses linear impulse and momentum. It defines momentum and explores the conservation of linear momentum, stating that the total linear momentum of a system is constant if the net force is zero. Collision classifications are also discussed, including elastic versus inelastic collisions. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculations of momentum and impulse-momentum relationships for various physical situations. The key relationships emphasized are that impulse equals change in momentum, and momentum is conserved in systems where the net force is zero.

1. LINEAR IMPULSE
AND
MOMENTUM
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2. Impulse and Momentum
ASTRONAUT Edward H. White II is in the
zero gravity of space. By firing the gas-
powered gun, he gains momentum and
maneuverability. Credit: NASA ZOHAIB AHMAD MAJU
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3. Momentum Defined
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4. Conservation of Linear
Momentum
The total linear momentum of a system of
objects is constant if the net force acting on a
system is zero.
Momentum
is conserved
in this rocket launch.
The velocity of the
rocket and its payload is
determined by the mass and
velocity of the expelled gases.
Photo: NASA
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5. Conservation of Momentum
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6. Conservation of Linear
Momentum
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7. Collision Classifications
• Collisions are classified according to whether the
kinetic energy changes during the collision.
• The two classifications are elastic and inelastic.
• In an elastic collision the total kinetic energy of the
system is the same before and after the collision.
• In an a perfectly inelastic collision the total kinetic
energy is still conserved but the two objects stick
together and move with the same velocity.
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8. Conservation of Linear
Momentum
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9. Two billiard balls collide in a
perfectly elastic collision. Ball A
has a mass of 0.8 kg and an
initial velocity (u A) of 3 m/s, ball
B has a mass of 0.3 kg and an
initial velocity (u B) of −2 m/s,
determine the velocity of each
ball after the collision.
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10. Two clay objects collide in an
inelastic collision, object A
has a mass of 0.8 kg and an
initial
velocity (u A) of 4 m/s, object
B has a mass of 0.4 kg and
an initial velocity (u B) of −2
m/s, determine the final
velocity of A and B.
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11. IMPULSE
∆t
Impulse:
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12. Example 1: The face of a golf club exerts
an average force of 4000 N for 0.002 s.
What is the impulse imparted to the ball?
Impulse:
∆t
The unit for impulse is the newton -second (N-s)
Other units are dyne-second and pound-second (lb-s) ZOHAIB AHMAD MAJU
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13. Impulse Changes Velocity
and Momentum
Consider a mallet hitting a ball:
Impulse = Change in “m v”
Impulse = Change in “m v” ZOHAIB AHMAD MAJU
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14. Impulse-Momentum
The impulse – momentum relationship is derived from
Newton’s law of acceleration.
Impulse = change in
momentum ZOHAIB AHMAD MAJU
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15. Impulse and Momentum
Impulse = Change in momentum
F mv Newton’s Second Law of
Motion
∆t A force F acting on a ball for a time ∆t increases its momentum
mv. ZOHAIB AHMAD MAJU
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16. Momentum
Impulse
Impulse = Change in momentum
Impulse = Change in momentum
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17. PROBLEMS
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18. PROBLEM
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