Healthy oceans are essential but are threatened by pollution, overfishing, climate change. Goal 14 aims to conserve oceans by reducing pollution, protecting ecosystems, addressing acidification, regulating fishing. The objectives are to prevent marine pollution, sustainably manage coastal areas, minimize acidification impacts, effectively regulate fishing. Targets include increasing protections, benefits for small island states, subsidies reform, international law enforcement, sustainable fishing. Research shows main pollutants are microplastics, sewage, plastic bottles/bags, fishing waste. Local and international cooperation is needed to sustainably manage oceans.

1. Life Below
Water
14
Conserving our
seas and oceans
Name ofParticipants

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Objective
• Methodology
• Research/Survey data
• Results/Conclusion

3. Healthy oceans and seas are essential for
our existence. They cover 70% of our
planet and provide 50% of the planet’s
Oxygen. Marine resources are very
important for people living in coastal
communities providing livelihoods,
subsistence, and benefits from fisheries,
tourism, and other sectors. They also help
regulate the global ecosystem by
absorbing heat and carbon dioxide (CO2)
from the atmosphere. However, oceans
and coastal areas are extremely
vulnerable to environmental degradation,
overfishing, climate change and pollution.
Introductio
n

4. And yet, we are causing tremendous damage to these precious resources.
Our goal is to protect them by eliminating pollution and overfishing to
control and protect all marine life below water responsibly. The increasing
anthropogenic carbon emissions are making the ocean more acidic,
weakening its ability to sustain life underwater and on land. Plastic waste
destroying the ocean’s ecosystems, while the increase in water
temperatures is resulting in the death of coral and an uncontrollable rise in
sea levels. If this continues, more than half of the world’s marine species
may be all but extinct by 2100.
Life below water is Goal 14 of the Sustainable Development Goals, set to
conserve and sustainably use the oceans, sea, and marine resources for
sustainable development.

5. OBJECTIVE
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to
transform our world. They are a call to action to end
poverty and inequality, protect the planet, and ensure
that all people enjoy health, justice and prosperity.
The main objectives of “Life Below Water” are
• Prevent and significantly reduce all kinds of marine
pollution, especially from land-based activities.
• Sustainably manage and protect marine and
coastal ecosystems in order to achieve healthy
and productive oceans.
• Minimize and address the impacts of ocean
acidification, including through enhanced scientific
cooperation at all levels.
• Effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing,
illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and
destructive fishing practices.

6. REDUCE MARINEPOLLUTION PROTECT ANDRESTORE
ECOSYSTEMS
REDUCE OCEAN ACIDIFICATION
By 2020, sustainably manage
and protect marine and
coastal ecosystems to avoid
significant adverse impacts,
including by strengthening
their resilience, and take
action for their restoration in
order to achieve healthy and
productive oceans.
Minimize and address the
impacts of ocean
acidification, including
through enhanced scientific
cooperation at all levels.
By 2025, prevent and
significantly reduce marine
pollution of all kinds, in
particular from land-based
activities, including marine
debris and nutrient pollution.
CONSERVE COASTAL AND
MARINEAREAS
By 2020, conserve at least 10
per cent of coastal and
marine areas, consistent with
national and international
law and based on the best
available scientific
information.
T
A
R
G
E
T
S
SUPPORT SMALL SCALE
FISHERS
Provide access for small-scale
artisanal fishers to marine
resources and markets.
INCREASE THE ECONOMIC
BENEFITS FROM SUSTAINABLE
USE OF MARINE RESOURCES
By 2030, increase the
economic benefits to small
island developing States and
least developed countries
from the sustainable use of
marine resources, including
through sustainable
management of fisheries,
aquaculture and tourism.

7. END SUBSIDIES CONTRIBUTING
TO OVERFISHING
INCREASESCIENTIFIC
KNOWLEDGE,RESEARCHAND
TECHNOLOGYFOR OCEANHEALTH
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research
capacity and transfer marine technology, taking
into account the Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission Criteria and
Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology,
in order to improve ocean health and to
enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity
to the development of developing countries, in
particular small island developing States and
least developed countries.
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries
subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and
overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute
to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
and refrain from introducing new such
subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and
effective special and differential treatment for
developing and least developed countries
should be an integral part of the World Trade
Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation.
IMPLEMENT AND ENFORCE
INTERNATIONALSEA LAW
Enhance the conservation and
sustainable use of oceans and their
resources by implementing
international law as reflected in the
United Nations Convention on the Law
of the Sea, which provides the legal
framework for the conservation and
sustainable use of oceans and their
resources, as recalled in paragraph
158 of “The future we want”.
T
A
R
G
E
T
S
SUSTAINABLE FISHING
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting
and end overfishing, illegal, unreported
and unregulated fishing and destructive
fishing practices and implement
science-based management plans, in
order to restore fish stocks in the
shortest time feasible, at least to levels
that can produce maximum sustainable
yield as determined by their biological
characteristics.

8. • Support any charity or donate to
organizations whether big or small, that
can make a difference to the environment!
• Never buy bottled water – Avoid buying
bottled water, to reduce plastic waste.
• Reduce waste – Much of the waste that we
produce on land ends up in the oceans.
Stop using plastic bags: The disposal of
plastic is a major cause of marine pollution.
METHO
• Organize a cleanup project for rivers and
oceans. Engage your entire community to
clean up local rivers, seasides, or oceans.
• Buy local and certified fish. Support small-
scale producers by shopping in local
markets and shops.
• Stay informed. Follow local news and stay
in touch with the Global Goals online or on
social media to gather knowledge about
water bodies and their conditions.
dolog
y

9. Microplatic
s
24.1%
Sewag
e
21.7%
Plastic Bottles and
Bags
19.3%
Fishing
Items
18.1%
Glass
Bottles
9.6%
Industrial
Wastewater
7.2%
Pollutants entering the Oceans
REASEARCH/SURVEY DATA
The UNEP has published a step-
by-step guide on measuring
several indicators of SDG 14. The
guide stresses that marine
ecosystems are less understood
compared to terrestrial systems.
This is because most marine
ecosystems are remote, vast in
size, and difficult to access.
Therefore, marine research is
expensive.
An annual report is prepared by
the Secretary-General of the
United Nations that evaluates the
progress towards the Sustainable
Development Goals.

10. The Preparatory Meeting to the UN Ocean Conference was held in New York,
US, in February 2017, to discuss the implementation of Sustainable
Development Goal 14. International law, as reflected in the UN Convention on
the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), stressed the need to include governance
instruments to consider "anthropogenic activities taking place outside of the
ocean". Concerns regarding ocean health in destructive fishing practices
and marine pollution were discussed, to look at the roles of the local
communities of Small Island Developing States(SIDS) and Least Developed
Countries (LDCs) to remind that oceans are a large part of their economies.

11. On a local level, we should
make ocean-friendly choices
when buying products or eating
food derived from oceans and
consume only what we need.
We should eliminate plastic
usage as much as possible and
organize beach clean-ups.
For open ocean and deep sea areas,
sustainability can be achieved only
through increased international
cooperation to protect vulnerable
habitats. Establishing comprehensive,
effective, and equitably managed
systems of government-protected
areas should be pursued to conserve
biodiversity and ensure a sustainable
future for the fishing industry.
CONCLUSION

12. THANK YOU!