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Lessons Learned

 Managerial Finance
Disclaimer
This is not intended to be a condensed outline of the course,
but simply what I took as key takeaways. In some courses
there are many areas discussed that aren’t contained in these
slides, as they are items I was already familiar with and didn’t
feel the need to document or felt they wouldn’t be useful to me
in my current career. I think of these as my “cheat sheet” of
material that can help me in my current & future roles and are
DRAFT…like Google’s Beta are subject to change – Matt
Crane

Scanlon, Bill. (2010). Course presented on Managerial
Finance. Miami University, Oxford & Cincinnati, OH.
• Returns:
   – Nominal: stated (e.g. APR)
   – Real: nominal – inflation
• Coefficient of variation: std dev/exp rtn (how
  many units of risk per unit of return)
• Diversifiable risk: company unique, non-
  systematic
• Non-diversifiable risk: market, systematic
Bond yield
• CAPM/Rqd Return: Risk Free Rate + (Mkt Rqd
  Return – Risk Free Rate * Beta)
• Yield to Maturity (YTM): annual return (yield) %
  of bond if held until maturity
  – Current price: $1313.87 (PV)
  – Coupon interest: 6.8% APR (6.8% x 1000 = 68 / 2 = 34 semi-
    annually = PMT)
  – 1000 = FV
  – 16 years until maturity (payments left = 32 - M)
  – CPT I/Y = 2.05 (2.05 x 2 = 4.1 YTM)
Firm Cost of Capital
    •   Cost of long-term debt: YTM x (1 – tax rate)
    •   Cost of preferred stock: Dividend / Stock Price
    •   Cost of equity: Dividend / Stock Price x Growth
    •   CAPM: RF Rate + (Rqd Rtn Mkt - RF Rate)1 x Beta
    •   Find WACC
         –   Find Bond yield from FINRA
         –   Find avg corp tax rate from Income Statement
         –   Find current price of Preferred and dividend yield
         –   Calc avg dividend growth (5-10 years)
         –   Avg Bond Yield, CAPM, dividend growth = cost of equity
         –   LTD weight = LTD + current portion of LTD from BS
         –   Preferred Stock = preferred price x (# of shares)
         –   Common equity weight = price x (# of shares)


1
    Add 4% to pretax bond yield to get market risk premium
Refunding process - Bonds
• Yes, if NPV > 0
• Float costs are capitalized and amortized
  as non-cash over life of bond (tax deduct)
• Unamortized floatation costs of old bond =
  write-off against income at refunding
IRR, NPV, Working Capital
• IRR: interest rate where NPV = 0
  – IRR > “hurdle rate” (WACC) = Accept
• NPV: present value of future cash flows
• Working Capital: management of Current
  Assets & Current Liabilities
• Net Working Capital: CA – CL
• Cash Conversion Cycle for working cap.:
  – Days Sales in Inventory + DSO – Days
    Purchases Outstanding
Replacement
  Project
 Example
Derivatives
• Warrants: call options written by company
• Swap: swapping floating for fixed debt, or
  vice versa

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Lessons learned finance - s2

  • 2. Disclaimer This is not intended to be a condensed outline of the course, but simply what I took as key takeaways. In some courses there are many areas discussed that aren’t contained in these slides, as they are items I was already familiar with and didn’t feel the need to document or felt they wouldn’t be useful to me in my current career. I think of these as my “cheat sheet” of material that can help me in my current & future roles and are DRAFT…like Google’s Beta are subject to change – Matt Crane Scanlon, Bill. (2010). Course presented on Managerial Finance. Miami University, Oxford & Cincinnati, OH.
  • 3. • Returns: – Nominal: stated (e.g. APR) – Real: nominal – inflation • Coefficient of variation: std dev/exp rtn (how many units of risk per unit of return) • Diversifiable risk: company unique, non- systematic • Non-diversifiable risk: market, systematic
  • 4. Bond yield • CAPM/Rqd Return: Risk Free Rate + (Mkt Rqd Return – Risk Free Rate * Beta) • Yield to Maturity (YTM): annual return (yield) % of bond if held until maturity – Current price: $1313.87 (PV) – Coupon interest: 6.8% APR (6.8% x 1000 = 68 / 2 = 34 semi- annually = PMT) – 1000 = FV – 16 years until maturity (payments left = 32 - M) – CPT I/Y = 2.05 (2.05 x 2 = 4.1 YTM)
  • 5. Firm Cost of Capital • Cost of long-term debt: YTM x (1 – tax rate) • Cost of preferred stock: Dividend / Stock Price • Cost of equity: Dividend / Stock Price x Growth • CAPM: RF Rate + (Rqd Rtn Mkt - RF Rate)1 x Beta • Find WACC – Find Bond yield from FINRA – Find avg corp tax rate from Income Statement – Find current price of Preferred and dividend yield – Calc avg dividend growth (5-10 years) – Avg Bond Yield, CAPM, dividend growth = cost of equity – LTD weight = LTD + current portion of LTD from BS – Preferred Stock = preferred price x (# of shares) – Common equity weight = price x (# of shares) 1 Add 4% to pretax bond yield to get market risk premium
  • 6. Refunding process - Bonds • Yes, if NPV > 0 • Float costs are capitalized and amortized as non-cash over life of bond (tax deduct) • Unamortized floatation costs of old bond = write-off against income at refunding
  • 7. IRR, NPV, Working Capital • IRR: interest rate where NPV = 0 – IRR > “hurdle rate” (WACC) = Accept • NPV: present value of future cash flows • Working Capital: management of Current Assets & Current Liabilities • Net Working Capital: CA – CL • Cash Conversion Cycle for working cap.: – Days Sales in Inventory + DSO – Days Purchases Outstanding
  • 9. Derivatives • Warrants: call options written by company • Swap: swapping floating for fixed debt, or vice versa