The document discusses plant and animal adaptations for cold environments. It explains that adaptations allow organisms to survive in particular environments and may include physical appearance, internal systems, or behaviors. It then provides examples of adaptations in both plants and animals that allow them to survive cold climates, such as small size and waxy leaves in plants, and thick fur coats and layers of blubber in animals.

6. Saxifrage Arctic Willow Bearberry Arctic flower

10. What do these animals have in common?

11. Animal Adaptations to Cold Environments

13. Body Shape Have fat, round body shapes with short legs. Why is this important?

15. Surface Area to Volume Ratio Hidden surfaces are exposed Small SA: Vol Larger SA: Vol (cold climates) (hot climates)

16. Which shows an animal from a hot climate and which from a cold climate? cold hot

18. Compare these two animals… Desert Fox Arctic Fox Draw a table to compare their adaptations to their environments.

21. What do these animals have in common?

23. Have more elongated body shapes and long legs

28. The number of violets in an area of woodland were counted before and after a large number of trees were removed. The results are shown below. i) State how light conditions would have changed when the trees were removed. [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Which of the plants survived better before the trees were removed? [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________ (iii) What happened to the number of these plants after the trees were removed? [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________ Violet type Before trees removed 2 years after trees removed 5 years after trees removed Shade 190 50 30 Sun 20 60 120