This document is a student assignment on the topic of communalism in India. It includes an introduction that defines communalism as the belief that religious groups have common social, political, and economic interests. The content section further discusses how communalism emerged with the development of modern politics in India and is not simply a remnant of the past. It concludes that communalism promotes the idea that religious groups have divergent interests, though this is not supported empirically, and emerged as a modern ideology rather than from traditional sources.