Arrays can store multiple elements of the same type. One-dimensional arrays store elements in a single list, while two-dimensional arrays can store elements in a table with rows and columns. Arrays are instantiated with the new keyword, which allocates memory and sets the array size. Individual elements can then be accessed via an index/subscript. Two-dimensional arrays use two indices to reference each element.
Arrays in C++.
Purpose of Array.
Declaration of an Array.
Accessing Array Elements.
Example CPP programs using Array.
Multi-dimensional Array.
Advantages and Disadvantages of an Array.
This is an intermediate conversion course for C++, suitable for second year computing students who may have learned Java or another language in first year.
Arrays in C++.
Purpose of Array.
Declaration of an Array.
Accessing Array Elements.
Example CPP programs using Array.
Multi-dimensional Array.
Advantages and Disadvantages of an Array.
This is an intermediate conversion course for C++, suitable for second year computing students who may have learned Java or another language in first year.
Arrays are complex variables that can hold multiple values of the same data type.
Array is a fixed type sequenced collection of elements of the same data type.
It is simply a grouping of like-type data.
Some examples where a concept of arrays can be used :-
1) List of employees in an organization.
2) Exam scores of a class of students.
3) Table of daily rainfall data.
This presentation contains:
About dynamic memory allocations
Methods or functions used for dynamic memory allocation
Examples of dynamic memory allocation with code
Difference between array and linked lists
Merits and demerits of linked lists
What we can achieve with linked lists?
Arrays are complex variables that can hold multiple values of the same data type.
Array is a fixed type sequenced collection of elements of the same data type.
It is simply a grouping of like-type data.
Some examples where a concept of arrays can be used :-
1) List of employees in an organization.
2) Exam scores of a class of students.
3) Table of daily rainfall data.
This presentation contains:
About dynamic memory allocations
Methods or functions used for dynamic memory allocation
Examples of dynamic memory allocation with code
Difference between array and linked lists
Merits and demerits of linked lists
What we can achieve with linked lists?
This is a presentation on Arrays, one of the most important topics on Data Structures and algorithms. Anyone who is new to DSA or wants to have a theoretical understanding of the same can refer to it :D
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Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Visula C# Programming Lecture 5
1. Arrays
An array stores multiple elements of the same type
that type can be simple (value) types or objects
• for arrays of simple types, each element contains one value of
the declared type
• for arrays of reference types (e.g., objects), every element of
the array is a reference to an object of the data type of the
array
Refer to particular element in the array by position
number
the name of the array followed by the position number
(subscript) of the element in square brackets ([])
• [ ] is considered as an operator
1
2. Arrays: Declaration and Instantiation
An array can be allocated using the keyword new to specify how many elements the
array should hold
bool[] flags; // declare flags
flags = new bool[20]; // create an array and make flags a ref.
// now flags is reference to another array
flags = new bool[10];
// declare variable grades; create an array; make grades a
// reference of the array
int[] grades = new int[12];
float[] prices = new float[500];
string[] codes = new string[26];
Time1[] times;
times = new Time1[10];
2
3. Array: An Array of Simple Values
grades[ 0 ]
grades[ 1 ]
0
grades[ 3 ]
72
1543
-89
grades[ 6 ]
0
grades[ 7 ]
62
grades[ 8]
-3
grades[ 9 ]
1
grades[ 10 ]
6453
grades[ 11 ]
A 12-element array of values.
grades[ 2 ]
grades[ 5 ]
position number (index or
subscript) of the element
within array grades
6
grades[ 4 ]
grades
-45
-78
3
4. Array: An Array of Objects
times[ 0 ]
times[ 1 ]
ref to obj 2
times[ 3 ]
ref to obj 3
ref to obj 4
ref to obj 5
times[ 6 ]
A 10-element array of objects
times[ 2 ]
times[ 5 ]
position number (index or
subscript) of the element
within array times
ref to obj 1
times[ 4 ]
times
ref to obj 0
ref to obj 6
times[ 7 ]
ref to obj 7
times[ 8]
ref to obj 8
times[ 9 ]
ref to obj 9
4
5. Arrays as Objects
In C#, an array behaves very much like an
object
declaration and instantiation are like objects
• declare an array variable
• create an array using new
• make a variable a reference of an array
parameter passing is similar to objects
• we will discuss the detail later.
an array has the Length property
5
6. Array: Length
Each array has a public property called
Length that stores the size of the array
once an array is created, it has a fixed size
It is referenced using the array name (just like
any other object):
grades.Length
Note that Length holds the number of
elements, not the largest index
6
7. Array Instantiation and Initialization in
One Step: Initializer List
An initializer list can be used to instantiate and initialize
an array in one step
The values are delimited by braces and separated by
commas
Allocate space for the array – number of elements in initializer list determines
the size of array
Elements in array are initialized with the values in the initializer list
The new operator is not used
Examples:
int[] units = {147, 323, 89, 933, 540};
char[] letterGrades = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F'};
string[] wordList = {“bs703“,
“computer", “television"};
7
8. Recall: Two Types of Variables
A variable represents a cell in memory
Value type
x
y
int, char, byte, float, double, string
A value type variable stores a value of the
type of the variable in the memory
int x = 45;
double y = 45.12;
45
45.12
Reference type
A variable that “stores” object or array
actually stores a reference to an object
or array, e.g.,
A reference is a location in computer’s
memory where the object or array itself
is stored
Time3 t1;
t1 = new Time3(11, 45, 59);
t1
11
45
59
8
9. Implications of the Two Types of Variables:
Assignment
An assignment of one value variable to
x
another value variable copies the value, e.g.,
int x = 45;
y
double y = 45.12;
int z;
z
z = x;
An assignment of one reference variable to
another reference variable copies the reference, e.g.,
Time3 t1;
t1 = new Time3(11, 45, 59);
t1
Time3 t2;
t2 = t1;
45
45.12
45
11
45
59
t2
9
10. Two-Dimensional Arrays
A one-dimensional array stores a list of
values
A two-dimensional array, also called doublesubscripted array, can be thought of as a
table of values, with rows and columns
a two-dimensional array element is referenced
using two index numbers
10
11. Two Types of Double-Subscripted Arrays
rectangular arrays
often represent tables in which each row is the same size and
each column is the same size, e.g.,
int[,] a1 = new int[,] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
int[,] a11 = new int[3,4];
jagged arrays
• arrays of arrays
• arrays that compose jagged arrays can be of different lengths,
e.g.,
int[][] array2 = new int[
array2[ 0 ] = new int[] {
array2[ 1 ] = new int[] {
array2[ 2 ] = new int[] {
array2[2][1] = 3;
3 ][];
1, 2 };
3 };
4, 5, 6 };
11
12. Double-Subscripted Arrays
Column 0
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Row 0
a[0][0]
a[0][1]
a[0][2]
a[0][3]
Row 1
a[1][0]
a[1][1]
a[1][2]
a[1][3]
Row 2
a[2][0] a [2][1] a[2][2]
a[2][3]
Column index (or subscript)
Row index (or subscript)
Array name
Double-subscripted array with three rows and four columns.
12