The document provides guidance on learning theories and the learning process. It discusses four key conditions for learning to occur: practice and feedback, meaningful content, identifying prerequisites, and learning through observation and experience. Learning outcomes aim to improve knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Different learning theories are described, including behaviorist, cognitivist, humanist, social, and constructivist theories. Practitioners are advised to use learning theories to design effective training activities and evaluations.

1. Week-2 Guidance
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 How does
learning occur
Learning theories
Learning Process
& Outcome

2. Four conditions necessary for learning to occur:
1. Opportunities for trainees to practice and receive
feedback
2. Meaningful and relevant content
3. Identify prerequisites
4. Learn through observation and experience
For learning to occur it is important to identify
what is to be learned
 i.e. to identify learning outcomes
 Improvement in KSAs 2

3.  Knowledge
 Facts, information, concepts
 Skill
 Know-how, practical awareness of how to do
something
 Attitude
 A general disposition or feeling, positive or
negative, about something and is closely aligned
to opinions and beliefs
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4.  Verbal Information  State, tell
 Intellectual and  Apply concepts to solve
Creative Skills problems
 Cognitive Strategies  Manage one’s own
 Motor Skills thinking
 Attitudes  Execute a physical action
 Choose a personal course
of action
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5. What are they?
 Learning theories are theories about how people
learn
Why are they important?
 T & D designers need a learning theory(ies) to base
learning activities on
 Learning theory also influences how training and
learning are evaluated
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6. Behaviorist Cognitivist Humanist Social Constructivist
Learning
Learning = a Learning = an Learning = a Learning = Learning = the
change in internal mental personal act to interaction with construction of
behavior process fulfill potential and observation meaning from
of others in a experience
Purpose = to Purpose = to Purpose = to social context
produce develop
behavioral capacity and become self- Purpose = to
change in skills to learn actualized Purpose = to construct
desired better model new roles knowledge
direction Focuses on the and behavior
Insight and whole person Knowledge is
Organisms are understanding Observing context-bound
born as blank Sense of behaviors of
slates Not necessarily discovery – others and the Individuals gain
observable
Observable, must come outcomes of personal
measurable from within those behaviors meaning from
behaviors their
experiences
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7.  Do research and find latest theories of
learning and motivation for your discussions
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