The document discusses Creemers and Kyriakides' dynamic model of educational effectiveness. The model identifies 21 teaching practices and instruments for measuring these practices, including classroom observation and student questionnaires. It also discusses evidence from cognitive psychology on strategies like varying practice conditions, spacing sessions, interleaving vs blocking instruction, and using tests to support learning. The document then covers characteristics of effective teachers, such as content knowledge, beliefs about learning, and approaches that encourage discussion and challenge students. Ineffective practices are also identified.