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LEARNING HOW TO LEARN21st Century Skill
Three assumptions you had/have about
how learning happens
Umes Shrestha
Assist. Professor of
Communication
Kingā€™s College
Right-brain
Empowerment
Academy
Sensory
Memory
Working
Memory
Short
Term
Memory
Long
Term
Memory
(A simpliļ¬ed view of our memory system)
Limited
Capacity
Limited
Duration
Multiple
Encodings
Multiple
Retrievals
Learning is not just about getting stuļ¬€s IN.
Learning is about BEING ABLE to
get the stuļ¬€s OUT when necessary.
Why does the vocalist
need the lyrics sheet?
While the rest of the band
doesnā€™t need any chord sheets.
Spaced Repetition
Retrieving
Framework Thinking
Analogy
Multiple Coding
Reļ¬‚ection
ą¤œą¤¬ ą¤Ŗą¤Æą„‹ą¤°ą„ ą¤°ą¤¾ą¤¤ą„€
ą¤¤ą¤¬ .. ā€¦.
Go to the gym once in two weeks
Try to do 200 push-ups
Lift 20 kgs bar bells 100 times
Do the jumping jack for 1000 times
Do the crunch for 650 times
Memory is enhanced by spacing of
concepts (duration and content) as
opposed to massing them together.
Your efficiency is nearly a 100% again.
Study for 30 mins. Take a break for
5 minutes. Do some fun stuff.
#1
Spaced Repetition
Create small spaces (over a few days) and
do a little bit over time, so that it adds up!
I will remember
everything the teacher
said, or everything
that I heard.
PHOTOGRAPHIC
MEMORY
PHOTOGRAPHIC
MEMORY
Quiz yourself
Summarize
Explain
#2
Retrieval Practice
Donā€™t only recall words and definitions. Make sure
to recall main ideas, how things are related or
different from one another, and new examples.
Novices see isolated/disconnected data.
Experts see meaningful patterns,
relationships, and frameworks.
P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point
P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point
I donā€™t like smoking (P) because I hate the rat-like smell of
it (R). Researchers have found evidences that cigarette
smell is one of the major causes of headache and flu for
many smokers and non-smokers (E).Therefore, Iā€™ve never
picked up smoking. (P).
P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point
I believe we all need to learn how to learn (P) because
knowing how we learn makes us more efficient and better
skilled (R). Brain researchers have found evidences how
our brainsā€™ neural network become stronger when we
practice spacing, retrieve, multiple coding, reflecting, and
apply the knowledge and skills (E). For example, using the
space repetition technique, we can actually learn faster
than mass studying at the eleventh hour (E).Thus, as a
teacher, I stress on learning how to learn (P).
#3
Framework Thinking
Focus out from facts and ideas to see a
bigger picture. Patterns, relationships, and
frameworks make retrieval easier.
Why does the vocalist
need the lyrics sheet?
While the rest of the band
doesnā€™t need any chord sheets.
Justice
Justice means equity not equality.
My ex wife was a very good looking
womanā€¦ on the outside. My ex wife
is like a Ferrari with no engine.
ā€œOh my god, is that a Ferrari?ā€
ā€œYeah but it doesnā€™t work. It
doesnā€™t work. Just sits there
and costs me money.ā€
The structure of an atom is like a solar system.
The nucleus is the sun, and electrons are the
planets revolving around their sun.
Forget whatever you think about climate change.
There are two doors. Behind Door A is a completely
sealed room, with a regular, gasoline-fueled car.
Behind Door B is an identical, completely sealed room,
with an electric car. Both engines are running full
blast.
I want you to pick a door to open, and enter the room
and shut the door behind you. You have to stay in the
room you choose for one hour. You cannot turn off the
engine. You do not get a gas mask.
Iā€™m guessing you chose Door B, with the electric car,
right? Door A is a fatal choice ā€” who would ever want
to breathe those fumes?
But this is the choice the world is making right now.
#4
Analogy
Describe, compare, contrast - how the ideas
you are studying apply to your own
experiences or memories.
The more ways to Kingā€™s College I know,
the better decision I can make about how to get there.
The more mental representation I have of a concept,
the easier it is for me to remember, retrieve, and apply.
3X3W
DOG
My dog jumps
with excitement
when I get home.
Write a poem Draw a Sketch Sing a song
Write
a summary
Make your
own metaphor
Give a
counter-argument
#5
Multiple Coding
Create more neural pathways, and also
reinforce the pathways through spacing
and retrieval techniques.
Think about the last time you learnt a
new skill.
What did you learn?
Why did you learn it?
How did you learn it? ā€Ø
(Did you make any mistakes? How did you
take those mistakes? How did you feel?)
We do not learn from
experience alone.
We learn from
reļ¬‚ecting on the
experience.
#6
Reļ¬‚ection
Reflect to make your concrete experiences
ā€˜stored and retrievableā€™ in your mental models
more strongly.
3 2 1
3 2 1Three things
you
remember
from this
session
3 2 1Two things
you
will
keep asking
yourself
3 2 1One idea
you will
implement
right
away
3 2 1Three things
you
remember
from this
session
Two things
you
will
keep asking
yourself
One idea
you will
implement
right
away

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Learning how to Learn version 1.0

  • 1. LEARNING HOW TO LEARN21st Century Skill
  • 2. Three assumptions you had/have about how learning happens
  • 3. Umes Shrestha Assist. Professor of Communication Kingā€™s College Right-brain Empowerment Academy
  • 4. Sensory Memory Working Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory (A simpliļ¬ed view of our memory system) Limited Capacity Limited Duration Multiple Encodings Multiple Retrievals
  • 5. Learning is not just about getting stuļ¬€s IN. Learning is about BEING ABLE to get the stuļ¬€s OUT when necessary.
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  • 9. Why does the vocalist need the lyrics sheet? While the rest of the band doesnā€™t need any chord sheets.
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  • 13. Go to the gym once in two weeks Try to do 200 push-ups Lift 20 kgs bar bells 100 times Do the jumping jack for 1000 times Do the crunch for 650 times
  • 14. Memory is enhanced by spacing of concepts (duration and content) as opposed to massing them together.
  • 15. Your efficiency is nearly a 100% again. Study for 30 mins. Take a break for 5 minutes. Do some fun stuff.
  • 16. #1 Spaced Repetition Create small spaces (over a few days) and do a little bit over time, so that it adds up!
  • 17. I will remember everything the teacher said, or everything that I heard. PHOTOGRAPHIC MEMORY
  • 20. #2 Retrieval Practice Donā€™t only recall words and definitions. Make sure to recall main ideas, how things are related or different from one another, and new examples.
  • 21. Novices see isolated/disconnected data. Experts see meaningful patterns, relationships, and frameworks.
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  • 24. P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point
  • 25. P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point I donā€™t like smoking (P) because I hate the rat-like smell of it (R). Researchers have found evidences that cigarette smell is one of the major causes of headache and flu for many smokers and non-smokers (E).Therefore, Iā€™ve never picked up smoking. (P).
  • 26. P R E PPoint Reason Evidence Point I believe we all need to learn how to learn (P) because knowing how we learn makes us more efficient and better skilled (R). Brain researchers have found evidences how our brainsā€™ neural network become stronger when we practice spacing, retrieve, multiple coding, reflecting, and apply the knowledge and skills (E). For example, using the space repetition technique, we can actually learn faster than mass studying at the eleventh hour (E).Thus, as a teacher, I stress on learning how to learn (P).
  • 27. #3 Framework Thinking Focus out from facts and ideas to see a bigger picture. Patterns, relationships, and frameworks make retrieval easier.
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  • 31. Why does the vocalist need the lyrics sheet? While the rest of the band doesnā€™t need any chord sheets.
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  • 35. My ex wife was a very good looking womanā€¦ on the outside. My ex wife is like a Ferrari with no engine. ā€œOh my god, is that a Ferrari?ā€ ā€œYeah but it doesnā€™t work. It doesnā€™t work. Just sits there and costs me money.ā€
  • 36. The structure of an atom is like a solar system. The nucleus is the sun, and electrons are the planets revolving around their sun.
  • 37. Forget whatever you think about climate change. There are two doors. Behind Door A is a completely sealed room, with a regular, gasoline-fueled car. Behind Door B is an identical, completely sealed room, with an electric car. Both engines are running full blast. I want you to pick a door to open, and enter the room and shut the door behind you. You have to stay in the room you choose for one hour. You cannot turn off the engine. You do not get a gas mask. Iā€™m guessing you chose Door B, with the electric car, right? Door A is a fatal choice ā€” who would ever want to breathe those fumes? But this is the choice the world is making right now.
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  • 39. #4 Analogy Describe, compare, contrast - how the ideas you are studying apply to your own experiences or memories.
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  • 41. The more ways to Kingā€™s College I know, the better decision I can make about how to get there. The more mental representation I have of a concept, the easier it is for me to remember, retrieve, and apply.
  • 42. 3X3W
  • 43. DOG My dog jumps with excitement when I get home.
  • 44. Write a poem Draw a Sketch Sing a song
  • 45. Write a summary Make your own metaphor Give a counter-argument
  • 46. #5 Multiple Coding Create more neural pathways, and also reinforce the pathways through spacing and retrieval techniques.
  • 47. Think about the last time you learnt a new skill. What did you learn? Why did you learn it? How did you learn it? ā€Ø (Did you make any mistakes? How did you take those mistakes? How did you feel?)
  • 48. We do not learn from experience alone. We learn from reļ¬‚ecting on the experience.
  • 49. #6 Reļ¬‚ection Reflect to make your concrete experiences ā€˜stored and retrievableā€™ in your mental models more strongly.
  • 50. 3 2 1
  • 51. 3 2 1Three things you remember from this session
  • 52. 3 2 1Two things you will keep asking yourself
  • 53. 3 2 1One idea you will implement right away
  • 54. 3 2 1Three things you remember from this session Two things you will keep asking yourself One idea you will implement right away