The document defines the term "argument" and discusses its meaning. It provides two definitions - an exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated one, and a reason or set of reasons given in support of an idea, action, or theory. It then lists synonyms for each definition. The document outlines the components needed for a good argument: a single claim, reasons to support the claim, and evidence or validations for the reasons/claim along with refutations of opposing claims. It provides an example of analyzing the argument structure of a passage on women's basketball.