The document outlines the development and evolution of CSS, highlighting key milestones such as the recommendation of CSS1 in 1996 and CSS2 in 1998, and the mention of CSS3 in 1999. It emphasizes best practices for implementing CSS3 while ensuring compatibility with older browsers, alongside various examples of CSS techniques such as gradients, shadows, and transitions. The document concludes with a list of useful resources and a reminder to prioritize user experience in web design.

1. CSS3
Robin Poort (@rhcpoort)
CEO & co-founder ThemePartner (@theme_partner)
J and Beyond, Bad Nauheim, may 2012

3. 1993

4. Robert Raisch proposed "named Stylesheets"
Source: http://ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/archives/WWW-TALK/www-talk-1993q2.messages/443.html

5. 1994

6. Håkon Wium Lie & Bert Bos create CSS1
Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/H%C3%A5kon_Wium_Lie.jpg
Source: http://www.w3c.de/Events/2006/images/PrintSymposium/slides/_DSC0209.JPG

7. CSS1 in development
h1.font.size = 24pt 100%
40%
font.family = times
h1.font.family = helvetica 100%
60%
AGE > 3d ? background.color = pale_yellow : background.color = white
DISPLAY_HEIGHT > 30cm ? http://NYT.com/style : http://LeMonde.fr/style

8. 1996

9. CSS1 recommended by the W3C

10. 1998

11. CSS2 recommended by the W3C

12. 1999

13. CSS3 mentioned for the first time

14. 1999?!

15. Using CSS3
Where & when?

16. Not on the critical layers
don't use it on branding, layout & usability

17. Progressively enhance!
Make sure the website works in older browsers

18. Performance problems
Make your website fast!

19. Some examples!

20. p.rgba1 {
color: #000000;
color: rgba(0,0,0,1);
}
p.rgba2 {
color: #FF0000;
color: rgba(255,0,0,.5);
}
p.rgba3 {
color: #1ebdbe;
color: rgba(30,189,190,.25);
}
Always put the non-rgba color for older browsers before the rgba color

21. div.rgba1 {
background: #000000;
background: rgba(0,0,0,.8);
color: #FFF;
}
div.rgba2 {
background: #FFF;
background: rgba(255,255,255,.25);
}
div.rgba3 {
background: #1ebdbe;
background: rgba(30,189,190,.5);
}

22. div.rgba1 {
background: #555;
border: 5px solid;
border-color: #000;
border-color: rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
div.rgba2 {
background: #3d3877;
border: 5px solid;
border-color: #9d9bba;
border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.5);
}
div.rgba3 {
background: url(seaguls.png);
border: 10px solid;
border-color: #black;
border-color: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
}

23. <p class=”shadow1”>Lorem ipsum</p>
p.shadow1 {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 75px;
line-height: 1em;
color: #137576;
text-shadow:
1px 1px 0 #42d5d6,
-1px -1px 0 #084a4a,
-2px -2px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.2),
2px 2px 1px rgba(255,255,255,.2);
}

24. <p class=”shadow2”>Lorem ipsum</p>
p.shadow2 {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 75px;
line-height: 1em;
color: #FFF;
text-shadow:
0 1px 0 #96e0e0,
0 2px 0 #86e0e0,
0 3px 0 #76e0e0,
0 4px 0 #56e0e0,
0 5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.3),
0 10px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
}

25. <p class=”shadow3”>Lorem ipsum</p>
p.shadow3 {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 75px;
line-height: 1em;
color: #FFF;
background: #222;
text-shadow:
0 0 4px black,
0 -5px 4px #ff3,
2px -10px 6px #fd3,
-2px -15px 11px #f80,
2px -25px 18px #f20;
}

26. <div class=”shadow1”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.shadow1 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
-webkit-box-shadow: ...;
-moz-box-shadow: ...;
box-shadow:
5px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}

27. <div class=”shadow2”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.shadow2 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
-webkit-box-shadow: ...;
-moz-box-shadow: ...;
box-shadow:
0 0 1px black,
0 0 15px white;
}

28. <div class=”shadow3”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.shadow3 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
-webkit-box-shadow: ...;
-moz-box-shadow: ...;
box-shadow:
5px 5px 0 white inset,
-5px -5px 0 white inset,
6px 6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15) inset,
-6px -6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15) inset,
0 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,.5) inset,
0 0 7px rgba(0,0,0,.2),
0 10px 10px -10px black;
}

29. <div class=”radius1”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.radius1 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
-webkit-border-radius: ...;
-moz-border-radius: ...;
border-radius: 20px;
}

30. <div class=”radius2”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.radius2 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 200px;
-webkit-border-radius: ...;
-moz-border-radius: ...;
border-radius: 9999px;
}

31. <div class=”radius3”>Lorem ipsum</div>
div.radius3 {
background: #FFF;
text-align: center;
-webkit-border-radius: ...;
-moz-border-radius: ...;
border-radius: 20px 60px;
}

32. <div class=”gradient1”></div>
div.gradient1 {
/* Basic color */
background-color: #183c7a;
/* Chrome, Safari4+ */
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom,
color-stop(0%,#183c7a), color-stop(100%,#84b6f4));
/* Chrome10+, Safari5.1+ & The rest */
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #183c7a 0%,#84b6f4 100%);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #183c7a 0%, #84b6f4 100%);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #183c7a 0%,#84b6f4 100%);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #183c7a 0%,#84b6f4 100%);
background-image: linear-gradient(top, #183c7a 0%,#84b6f4 100%);
}
Always start with a solid color for older browsers

33. <div class=”gradient2”></div>
div.gradient2 {
/* Basic color */
background-color: #183c7a;
/* Chrome, Safari4+ */
background: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center center,
100%, color-stop(0%,rgba(24,60,122,1)),
color-stop(100%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5)));
/* Chrome10+, Safari5.1+ & The rest */
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover,
rgba(24,60,122,1) 0%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5) 100%);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(Same as webkit)
background: o-radial-gradient(Same as webkit)
background: radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover,
rgba(24,60,122,1) 0%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5) 100%);
}

34. <div class=”gradient3”></div>
div.gradient3 {
/* Basic color */
background-color: red;
/* Chrome, Safari4+ */
background-image: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center
center, 100%, color-stop(0%,rgba(24,60,122,1)),
color-stop(100%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5)));
background-image: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover,
rgba(24,60,122,1) 0%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5) 100%);
background-image: -moz-radial-gradient(Same as webkit)
background-image: o-radial-gradient(Same as webkit)
background-image: radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover,
rgba(24,60,122,1) 0%,rgba(132,182,244,0.5) 100%);
}

35. body {
background: url(../images/pattern2.png) repeat-x top left,
url(../images/pattern.png),
linear-gradient(top, rgba(0,0,0,.5) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 100%);
background-color: #1EBDBE;
}
By setting background-color last you can simply only change the color

36. div.wordwrap1 {
word-wrap: normal;
}
div.wordwrap2 {
word-wrap: break-word;
}
div.textoverflow1 {
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
div.textoverflow2 {
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: clip;
}
:hover {overflow:visible} makes the text visible again

37. a.transition1 {
background: #FFF;
color: #000;
-webkit-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,color .5s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,color .5s ease-in-out;
-ms-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,color .5s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,color .5s ease-in-out;
transition: background .5s ease-in-out,color .5s ease-in-out;
}
a.transition1:hover {
background: #000;
color: #FFF;
}
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;

38. img.transform1 {
border: 5px solid white;
box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
transform: rotate(5deg);
}
img.transform2 {
border: 5px solid white;
box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
transform: skew(10deg) scale(1.1,1.1) rotate(-5deg)
translate(10px, 20px);
}
-webkit-transform:
-moz-transform:
-ms-transform:
-o-transform:

39. @keyframes animate { @-webkit-keyframes animate {...}
0% { @-moz-keyframes animate {...}
width: 300px; @-ms-keyframes animate {...}
height: 100px; @-o-keyframes animate {...}
}
25% {
width: 600px;
background: black;
color: #FFF;
height: 200px;
}
100% {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
}
}

40. div.animate1 {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: #FFF;
padding: .5em;
}
div.animate1:hover {
-webkit-animation: animate 3s infinite;
-moz-animation: animate 3s infinite;
-ms-animation: animate 3s infinite;
-o-animation: animate 3s infinite;
animation: animate 3s infinite;
}

41. table {
border-collapse: collapse;
width: 400px;
}
table th {
background: #555;
color: #FFF;
padding: 5px;
border: 1px solid #AAA;
text-align: left;
font-weight: bold;
}
table td {
border: 1px solid #CCC;
padding: 5px;
}

42. table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #DDD;
}

43. table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #DDD;
}
table tr:nth-child(5) {
background: #fcf79f;
}

44. table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #DDD;
}
table tr:nth-child(5) {
background: #fcf79f;
}
table tr:first-of-type {
background: #9fecf9;
}

45. table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #DDD;
}
table tr:nth-child(5) {
background: #fcf79f;
}
table tr:first-of-type {
background: #9fecf9;
}
table tr:last-child {
background: #9fecf9;
}

47. Useful websites
Because we're not encyclopedias

48. CSS3.info
HTML5please.com
CSS3please.com
colorzilla.com/gradient-editor
w3.org/TR/selectors

49. Questions?

50. Use it today, but be Progressively enhance!
careful where to use it
CSS3
Don't let it take
Put users first!
over

51. Time up
Robin Poort (@rhcpoort)
ThemePartner (@theme_partner)