This document provides definitions and examples for several terms related to health and disease transmission. It defines transmission as the act of spreading or transferring, and provides examples of transmitting a letter and disease. It also defines related terms like immunization, affliction, testimony, convulsion, infusion, unprecedented, eradication, reluctance, contagious, devastating, mortality, ensure, and emergence.

1. Leap, chapter 6
Thanks to 5AB/Summer 2014:
Omar, Pias, Marta, Jean, Sultan,
Zachary, Noura, Alejandro, Uyen, Ali,
Maryam, and Duy

2. Definition:The act or process
of transmitting, spreading, or
transferring.
Ex:The letter was delayed in transmission
Ex. The health workers fighting small pox
tried to track down the chain of
transmission.
←←←←
Transmission
(n)

3. immunization(n)
↓
Definition:the act of making
immune (especially by
innoculation with a vaccine)
EX:As we all know, childhood
immunization has long been
one of the biggest success
stories in public health

4. AFFLICTED (adj.)
Cause pain or suffering to;
affect or trouble (problem
or illness)
Synonyms:
 Trouble
 cause suffering to
 Worry
 Oppress
 Rack
Afflict (v) - Afflictive (adj) –
Afflictively (adv)

5. Testimony (n)
All such declarations, spoken
or written, offered in a legal
case or deliberative hearing.
Synonyms
 Evidence
 Testament to
 Testimonial
 Declaration
 Statement
Testify (v)

6. Convulsion (noun)
/k n v l n/ə ˈ ʌ ʃə
• a violent involuntary
contraction of a
muscle or muscles
Synonyms: Attack, trembling, spasm, disturbance,
turbulance, agitation, commontion, outbreak

7. (Medicine) med introduction of
a liquid, such as a saline
solution, into a vein or the
subcutaneous tissues of the
body – or The liquid product
obtained by infusing: prepared
an infusion of medicinal herbs.
Infusion (noun)
/ n fyu n/ɪ ˈ ʒə

8. Meaning of Unprecedented(ADJ):
Never done or known before.
Synonyms
Unparalleled, extraordinary, record, First-time, unique, exceptional, unmatched
Example:
Running 100 yards in football without being touched is unprecedented. It has never
happened before this picture!

9. Meaning of Eradication (ADJ):
The complete destruction of something
Synonyms
abolition, purge, annihilation, extermination, extinction
Example:
In 1955, the World Health Organization predicted the virtual global eradication of
malaria by 1980.
As we learned in class today, small pox was eradicated due to the global campaign
waged against it in the 1960’s and 70’s.

10. Implement (Verb)

11. RELUCTANCE (N)
RELUCTANT (ADJ)
The word “reluctance” is
often used to express the
unwillingness to do
something or hesitancy in
taking some action.
Example: When I am tired, I am unwilling to go to the gym;
therefore I feel some reluctance. In other words, when tired,
I’m reluctant to work out.

12. Contagious (adj)
-Related form: contagiously (adv), contagiousness (n).
-Definition: a capable of transmitting disease from
one person or animal to another by direct or indirect contact.
-Synonyms: communicable , spreadable, transmittable.
-Example: I have a weak immunity , so I can get the contagious
disease easily.

13. Devastating (adj)
-Related forms: devastate (v), devastatingly (adv).
-Definition: highly destructive or damaging.
-Synonyms: disastrous ,destructive ,ruinous.
-Example: Japanese have worked hard to restore their
country after their last devastating tsunami.

14.  the ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that
area; expressed per 1000 per year.
The quality or state of being mortal.
Death, especially on a large scale.
mortal (adjective)
mortally (adverb)

15. 1. Be careful or certain to do something;
make certain of something.
2. Make certain of

16. 1. Happen or occur as a result of
something.
2. Come up to the surface of or rise
3. Become known or apparent.
4. Come out into view, as from
concealment.
emergence (noun)