The document summarizes the origins and workings of the League of Nations, established after World War 1 to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars. It describes Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points which helped establish the League. The League's main bodies included the Council with 4 permanent members and broader Assembly. It had powers to condemn actions, impose sanctions, or offer arbitration. The document outlines some early successes in resolving disputes but also failures like the invasion of the Ruhr. It discusses how the Great Depression weakened the League by reducing international cooperation and rising militarism.

1. The League of
Nations
Bea Joy Lorraine A. Arcenio
III-9 BSE History

2. THE FOURTEEN POINTS
• (1) No secret treatise
• (2) Freedom of the seas for all nations in
peace and war
• (3) Removal of all economic barriers or tariffs;
• (4) Reduction of national armaments
• (5) Far adjustment to colonial claims
• (14) A general association nations

4. THE BIRTH OF THE LEAGUE
• In 1918 nobody
wanted to repeat
the mass slaugther
of the war.
• “the war that
ended all wars”
• Geneva,
Switzerland
PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON

5. Some thought that the USA would be
controlled by other nations throught the LoN
Although the LoN was president
Wilson’s idea the USA’s Senate
rejected it:
• Some Americans did not want to be
involved again in European’s disputes or
wars

6. The LoN’s main bodies
1) The Council (consisted of 4
permanent members)
2) The Assembly (consisted of
all the other members)
3) The Secretariat (consisted of
a Secretary General and is
responsible for the day-to-day
running of the LON)
S
E
C
R
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T
A
R
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A
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COUNCIL
ASSEMBLY
The League’s Powers
The League’s Powers. (When a nation acted
illegally the league could..)
Condemn
Tell a country
that it has
done wrong in
the open
Assembly.
Sanctions
Impose a trade
embargo to
push the
country towards
bankruptcy .
Arbitration
Offer to
mediate
between the
two conflicting
countries.
bazleebakhtiar/2013
The League’s Powers
bazleebakhtiar/2013

7. Border disputes in the 1920’s
• Germany and Poland disputed
the region
• It was divided in two by the
LoN
Upper
Silesia,
1921
• Sweeden and Finland disputed
the islands
• The LoN decided that the
islands would belong to
Finland. Sweeden accepted the
decision.
Aaland
Islands,
1921
THE SUCCESS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

8. THE SUCCESS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
• Greece invaded Bulgaria.
• The LoN forced Greece to
apologize and pay
compensations to
Bulgaria.
Bulgaria,
1925
Turkey,
1923
•Respond to the humanitarian
crisis
•A member of the league called
this «the greatest work of mercy
which mankind undertaken

9. THE FAILURE OF THE LEAGUE OF
NATIONS
• Small town between Poland
and Czechoslovakia
• 1919, the Polish and the
Czechs troops fought
Teschen,
1919

10. THE FAILURE OF THE LEAGUE’S
OF NATIONS
•Germany failed to pay
an installment
according to the treaty
of Versailles
•French and Belgium
invaded the Ruhr
Invasion
of the
Ruhr
(1923)

11. CAUSES OF GREAT
DEPRESSION
Causes of
the Great
Depression
Over Production
•Industry
•Agriculture
Stock Market Crash
and Financial Panic
High
Tariffs &
War Debts

12. How the depression
affected the League
There was less international cooperation.
The USA and other nations looked to take
care of themselves instead of worrying
about world peace and humanitarian
issues.
Desperate people suffering terrible
economic hardship increasingly turned
to leaders offering radical solutions.
This led to the rise of militaristic
fascist governments.
Britain and France no longer wished
to sort out international disputes
that would cost them money and
could further damage their trade.

13. The LoN’s Weaknesses
• Great Britain and
France personal
interest
• No military forces
• Countries havd
memories of WW1!