Laurence Graff's presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: The situation in the international climate negotiations and the EU’s
expectations for the Cancún conference
Delivered at a FAO informal meeting, this presentation highlights the opportunities and challenges in climate change mitigation, adaptation and finance for African and non-African countries.
The Copenhagen Agreement is a document that delegates at the 15th session of the Conference of Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed to "take note of" at the final plenary on 18 December 2009.
The Accord, drafted by, on the one hand, the United States and on the other, in a united position as the BASIC countries (China, India, South Africa, and Brazil), is not legally binding and does not commit countries to agree to a binding successor to the Kyoto Protocol, whose round ended in 2012.
After represented Indonesian Youth in COP15 Climate Change Conference, Yangki Suara give a presentation in Padjadjaran University about Copenhagen Accord.
Delivered at a FAO informal meeting, this presentation highlights the opportunities and challenges in climate change mitigation, adaptation and finance for African and non-African countries.
The Copenhagen Agreement is a document that delegates at the 15th session of the Conference of Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed to "take note of" at the final plenary on 18 December 2009.
The Accord, drafted by, on the one hand, the United States and on the other, in a united position as the BASIC countries (China, India, South Africa, and Brazil), is not legally binding and does not commit countries to agree to a binding successor to the Kyoto Protocol, whose round ended in 2012.
After represented Indonesian Youth in COP15 Climate Change Conference, Yangki Suara give a presentation in Padjadjaran University about Copenhagen Accord.
Report on Copenhagen COP15 is a summary of events that transpired in Dec. 2009 at the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP15) including drafting of the Copenhagen Accord and subsequent public discourse.
General International Trends and Efforts in Coping with Climate ChangeICF
Renato Roldao, ICF’s Carbon Trading and Climate Change expert, addresses supporting the Design and Implementation of Emissions Trading Systems in China. Roldao examines the international as well as the domestic context for climate change programs.
http://bit.ly/1sPPmPl
This presentation created and addressed by Ana Fornells (OECC) in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
A presentation by IIED principal researcher Dr Achala Abeysinghe giving an introduction to the Paris Agreement on climate change.
The presentation was made at the ecbi Training And Support Programme’s Asian regional training workshop for junior climate negotiators from developing countries, in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 14-15 April 2016.
More details: http://www.iied.org/workshops-build-climate-negotiators-capacity-european-capacity-building-initiative-training-support
New agreement and key considerations (Paris climate agreement)IIED
This is a presentation by IIED principal researcher Dr Achala Abeysinghe that summarises the draft Paris climate package and key considerations at country level.
The presentation was made at the UNEP Southeast Asia Network of Climate Change Offices (SEAN-CC) workshop in Bangkok and the UNEP Central Asia Pre-COP workshop in Almaty on 2 and 5 November 2015 respectively.
More details: http://www.iied.org/helping-vulnerable-countries-achieve-equitable-solutions-climate-law-policy-making-processes
Luc Bas' presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: The role of business and regional governments in climate change talks
and subsequent implementation
Report on Copenhagen COP15 is a summary of events that transpired in Dec. 2009 at the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP15) including drafting of the Copenhagen Accord and subsequent public discourse.
General International Trends and Efforts in Coping with Climate ChangeICF
Renato Roldao, ICF’s Carbon Trading and Climate Change expert, addresses supporting the Design and Implementation of Emissions Trading Systems in China. Roldao examines the international as well as the domestic context for climate change programs.
http://bit.ly/1sPPmPl
This presentation created and addressed by Ana Fornells (OECC) in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
A presentation by IIED principal researcher Dr Achala Abeysinghe giving an introduction to the Paris Agreement on climate change.
The presentation was made at the ecbi Training And Support Programme’s Asian regional training workshop for junior climate negotiators from developing countries, in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 14-15 April 2016.
More details: http://www.iied.org/workshops-build-climate-negotiators-capacity-european-capacity-building-initiative-training-support
New agreement and key considerations (Paris climate agreement)IIED
This is a presentation by IIED principal researcher Dr Achala Abeysinghe that summarises the draft Paris climate package and key considerations at country level.
The presentation was made at the UNEP Southeast Asia Network of Climate Change Offices (SEAN-CC) workshop in Bangkok and the UNEP Central Asia Pre-COP workshop in Almaty on 2 and 5 November 2015 respectively.
More details: http://www.iied.org/helping-vulnerable-countries-achieve-equitable-solutions-climate-law-policy-making-processes
Luc Bas' presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: The role of business and regional governments in climate change talks
and subsequent implementation
Morten Thoroe, Secretary General, The Confederation of European Forest Owners' presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Jos Delbeke's presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: An overview of the EU domestic action to combat climate change
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was agreed more than 20 years ago, but global CO2 emissions have continued to rise. Fossil fuels still dominate the global energy supply and we are on course for a 3-5⁰C increase in global surface temperatures by the end of the century. July 2015 was the warmest month ever recorded for the globe. The OECD has been working in co-operation with its partners to identify how countries need to resolve misalignments between climate goals and policies in other domains that risk undermining climate action and making the low-carbon transition more costly. With the carbon clock ticking, the Paris COP21 conference in December must give a clear and credible directional signal that governments can and will transition from the carbon-intensive present to a low carbon resilient future.
Marrakech COP22 climate conference 2016 - an Australian perspectiveJohn Englart
As an Australian climate activist with the CAN network I attended COP22 UNFCCC climate conference in Marrakech, Morocco. This presentation doesn't go into the fine details of the negotiations, but covers the political mood and momentum of the conference. "It's all in the vibe", as solicitor Denis would say from the classic Australian movie The Castle.
The Road to Durban PowerPoint is a summary of the events and negotiations that have transpired since COP16 (Nov. 29-Dec. 10, 2010) and preparatory to COP17 (Nov. 28-Dec.9, 2011).
Goals:
- Assess which migration related issues are discussed and when these come about;
- Gain insight into how a given national and/or regional media landscape characteristically frames migration;
- Generate numerical values to describe topics discussed, framing and the possible overall tone or opinion expressed;
- Enable multi-national comparative perspective based on standardized methodological approach.
Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
1. The prospects for international climate change
policies –
An EU perspective
22 October 2010
Laurence Graff
Head of Unit « international affairs and inter-institutional matters »
European Commission, DG Climate Action
2. Outline – Tough questions
The ultimate goal
Going for a 2°Celsius, 4°Celsius or X°Celsius world?
Copenhagen outcomes
Are we on course to a 2°Celsius world?
Cancun and beyond
UN or not? Legally binding or ‘pledge and review’? 2010 or later?
EU vision for Cancun
Actual prospects for Cancun?
Conclusions
5. What does a 4°Celsius world mean?
Temperatures in Europe by 2100
Source: Stott et al. 2004
TemperatureinEurope
6. What does a
4°Celsius
world mean?
Rainfall in
Europe by
2100
Source: PESETA study 2007.
Unabated climate change: A2
scenario. Changes in 2071-2100
compared to 1961-90
8. Staying below 2 degrees:
Global carbon budget until 2050
Global Peak
by 2020
Global -50%
by 2050 rel. 1990
Developed Countries
to cut by 80-95%
by 2050 rel. 1990
10. On course to a 2 degrees world?
UN climate negotiations
1994 UN Framework Convention (UNFCCC) enters into force:
stabilisation of greenhouse gas emissions of industrialised
countries at 1990 levels by 2000
1997 Kyoto Protocol agrees for industrialised countries to reduce
GHG emissions by 5% compared to base year (mostly 1990)
for the period 2008-2012 (1st
commitment period); covers ~
30% of global emisssions
2001 Marrakech Accords lay down detailed implementation rules;
but US walked away from Kyoto Protocol
2005 Kyoto Protocol enters into force
2005 Montreal COP agrees to start negotiations of 2nd
commitment
period under the Kyoto Protocol
2007 Bali COP adds Bali Action Plan for long-term cooperative
action (LCA) until 2012 and beyond
11. On course to a 2 degrees world?
Copenhagen outcomes
1. UN negotiations will continue along the same two tracks
2. The « Copenhagen Accord »
Negotiated by 29 Heads of State
Contains positive points:
• Recognition of 2°C objective
• Parties to submit pledges
• High-level guidance on how
to measure, report and verify
(MRV) DC actions
• Commitment by developed
countries to 2010-2012
‘fast-start’ funding (US$30 bn)
& long-term funding
(US$100 bn by 2020)
12. On course to a 2 degrees world?
Fast-start funding
Copenhagen Accord:
developed countries
commit to provide up
to US$ 30 billion over
period 2010-2012 as
‘fast-start’ funding
EU’s commitment is
€7.2bn 2010-2012, or
€2.4bn yearly
EU is delivering on its fast-start funding commitment
EU gave initial reporting in June 2010 (factsheet)
More comprehensive report for Cancun
13. On course to a 2 degrees world?
Copenhagen outcomes
1. UN negotiations will continue along the same two tracks
2. The « Copenhagen Accord »
Negotiated by 29 Heads of State
Contains positive points:
• Recognition of 2°C objective
• Parties to submit pledges
• High-level guidance on how
to measure, report and verify
(MRV) DC actions
• Commitment by developed
countries to 2010-2012
‘fast-start’ funding (US$30 bn)
& long-term funding
(US$100 bn by 2020)
• Review in 2015 (reference to 1.5°C)
138 Parties support the Accord so far
representing more than 80% of global emissions
However: the Accord falls short of the EU's ambition for Copenhagen
• Not the robust, legally binding agreement we were expecting
• Only “taken note of” by the COP
14. On course to a 2 degrees
world? No!
2ºC range2ºC range 2ºC range2ºC range2ºC range 2ºC range
17. Cancun and beyond:
Big bang or ‘step by step’?
Ultimate goal remains an ambitious,
comprehensive, legally-binding global framework
Best guarantee for legal certainty and predictability, reciprocity between
countries, and strong political signal of willingness to act
The EU is ready to adopt a legally binding
agreement in Cancun, but are others?
Domestic climate policies in the US
BASIC positions
ALBA countries: Cochabamba Conference
Step-by-step approach: Cancun should lay a
solid foundation for action and a milestone
towards the future international regime
???
18. EU vision for Cancun:
Balanced set of decisions
Candidates
Tangible co-operative action/partnerships: Adaptation,
Capacity building, Reducing emissions from deforestation
and forest degradation, Technology transfer
Setting the rules: Monitoring, Reporting and Verification;
basis for new market-based mechanisms; aviation and
maritime transport; accounting rules for land use, land use
change and forestry; financial governance (Green Fund)
More difficult to find final agreement on quantified
mitigation commitments and funding commitments
19. EU vision for Cancun:
International carbon market
EU vision – build a global carbon market
To drive investments and achieve global mitigation objectives at least cost
To generate important financial flows to developing countries
Lesson from Kyoto: UN incapable of creating the necessary scarcity
Concrete steps
Link compatible domestic cap-and-trade systems to develop an OECD-wide
market by 2015
New sectoral carbon market mechanisms for ‘advanced’ DCs as a step
towards cap-and-trade systems
Reform and better focus the CDM
EU should use its ETS legislation as an incentive:
• work together with interested developed and developing countries to develop
sectoral mechanisms, whose credits could then be recognized for use in the
EU ETS;
• dependent on progress, develop and propose strict measures for improving the
quality requirements for credits from project-based mechanisms.
20. EU vision for Cancun:
Clear conditions for
2nd
commitment period
The EU’s overarching objective is environmental integrity (2°C)
EU supports Kyoto
We are on track to comply with our 2008-2012 commitments
We have adopted ambitious targets for 2020 (20 / 30%)
EU wants to build on and incorporate all the essential elements of Kyoto, but…
But (1) Kyoto alone cannot deliver the 2°C objective
Kyoto only covers 30% of emissions today
2°C only possible if US and major DC emitters (including Brazil, China, India,
South Korea, Mexico, South Africa, who rank among the world's 15 biggest
emitters) will do their share.
But (2) Kyoto has serious weaknesses that must be addressed
Banking of AAU surplus (Russia, Ukraine)
LULUCF accounting rules (major forest developed countries)
Need to promote and enable sectoral action – new market mechanisms
21. EU vision for Cancun:
Address AAU surplus & Land Use,
Land Use Change, Forestry rules
AAUs
AAUs
LULUCF
LULUCF
‘Low’
pledge
‘High’
pledge
22. Actual prospects for Cancun?
Political level must engage
September
Informal meeting hosted by Mexico and Switzerland on finance (Geneva, 1-3 Sept.)
MEF, 20-21 Sept
Millennium Development Goals Summit, including Global Sustainability Panel (New York,
20-22 September)
UNGA High Level Segment, and meeting of foreign ministers organised in the margins by
Mexico (New York, 25 September)
October
Tianjin climate change talks (4-9 October)
Informal consultations on MRV organised by Mexico (Mexico City, 18-19 October)
(Paris-Oslo) REDD+ Ministerial (Nagoya, 26 October)
November
Mexico-AOSIS meeting, Grenada, 1-2 November
Pre-COP ministerial, 3-4 November, Mexico
December
COP 16 (Cancun, 29 November-10 December)
23. Actual prospects for Cancun? 6 weeks left after Tianjin
Insufficient progress
Objective of engaging in “massive extraction” process not met
Useful discussions but very limited progress in streamlining
Shaping the Cancun outcome
“Balanced set of decisions” clearly the basis of work
But « contours » of the package and content remain unclear
Progress on adaptation, technology and finance, REDD+
Contentious issues: Fast Start Finance, reluctance to engage on mitigation
(anchoring pledges) and transparency (MRV); market mechanisms
Further progress will depend on signals and reassurance on the final objective :
Legally binding outcome/agreement under the Convention? Continuation of the
Kyoto Protocol? One legal regime or two separate legal regimes?
Political signals before Cancun will be decisive
Informal Pre-COP (3-4 November)
Can UNFCCC afford a failure? Can fight against climate change afford a failure?
24. Conclusions
Hard choices to be made, no matter whether
it is deliberate or by default. Less mitigation
means more adaptation.
Huge impacts on long-term investment, but
outcomes of international negotiations are
very uncertain.
EU needs to continue to act now, lead by
example and engage with the willing,
especially the carbon market needs further
development
25. More information on EU climate policy:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat/home_en.htm
Thank you