2. What is the difference between this milk and
ordinary milk?
3. What is Lactose Intolerance?
Inability to digest
significant amounts
of lactose, result of
lactase insufficiency.
Symptoms caused by
maldigestion of
lactose
4. Milk digestion
The cells lining the
small intestine
produce an enzyme
called lactase
Lactase enzyme
breaks down
lactose into two
simpler sugars
called glucose and
galactose.
6. 80 % of adults worldwide do not produce
lactase
7. Males and females are equally
During pregnancy, 44% regain the ability to
digest lactose. This is probably due to slow
intestinal transit.
Age
Among adults, the age of presentation of
lactose intolerance is 20-40 years
9. Lactose Intolerance
vs Milk Allergy
Lactose intolerance Milk allergy
A sensitivity An allergy
Occurs in gastrointestinal system Triggered by immune system
A sensitivity to milk carbohydrate
(lactose)
A reaction to milk protein
Rare in young children
Generally impacts young
children; may be outgrown*
Can enjoy milk and milk products
with simple management
strategies
Should avoid milk
and milk products
(unless allergy is outgrown)
10. Types of Lactase Deficiency
Primary lactase deficiency (most common)
- lactase production declines over time
- begins at about age 2
- Researchers have discovered that some
people inherit genes from their parents
11. Cont’
Secondary lactase deficiency
results from:-
- injury to the small intestine.
- Infection
- diseases
12. Cont’
Developmental lactase deficiency
- in infants born prematurely
- This condition usually lasts for only a short time
after they are born.
Congenital lactase deficiency
- rare disorder in which the small intestine produces
little or no lactase enzyme from birth. Genes
inherited from parents cause this disorder.
13. Cont’
Familial lactase deficiency
- lactase production is fine, but it does not do
the job. It does not break down the lactase
into glucose and galactose so that it can be
absorbed into the bloodstream. This condition
is also inherited from the parents.
15. risk factors of lactose intolerance
Age
Ancestry
Radiotherapy
Being born prematurely
16. lactose intolerance diagnosed
Medical, family, and diet history. A
health care provider will take a
medical, family, and diet history to
help diagnose lactose intolerance.
Physical exam
- checks for abdominal bloating
- uses a stethoscope to listen to
sounds within the abdomen
- taps on the abdomen to check for
tenderness or pain
18. lactose intolerance diagnosed
Stool acidity
test
- Undigested lactose
creates lactic acid and
other fatty acids that a
stool acidity test can
detect in a stool sample.
Health care providers
sometimes use this test
to check acidity in the
stools of infants and
young children.
20. How much lactose can a person with
lactose intolerance have?
Most people with lactose intolerance can
tolerate some amount of lactose in their
diet and do not need to avoid milk or milk
products completely. Avoiding milk and
milk products altogether may cause
people to take in less calcium and vitamin
D than they need. See the “Calcium and
Vitamin D” section
Research suggests that adults and
adolescents with lactose malabsorption
could eat or drink at least 12 grams of
lactose in one sitting without symptoms
or with only minor symptoms. This
amount is the amount of lactose in 1 cup
of milk
21. Lactase products
- People can use lactase tablets and drops when they eat or drink milk
products.
