Lactose intolerance.

1. By: Abi Benedict

2. The Key Players

 Issue
• Lactase Deficiency
 Disease
• Lactose Intolerance

3. What is lactose
intolerance?

 Lactose intolerance is the inability to
digest lactose, a sugar found in milk
and milk products When the body
consumes any milk or milk based
products, lactose, the sugar found in
milk products is also consumed.
 In order to break down the sugar into
glucose and galactose that can be
absorbed into the bloodstream, the
body uses the enzyme named lactase.
 The body’s inability to process milk
and milk products is called lactose
intolerance and is caused by the
deficiency of the lactase enzyme.

4. Enzymes

 The purpose of an enzyme in a cell is
to allow the cell to carry out chemical
reactions quickly.
 These reactions allow the cell to
constuct things or take things apart
when needed. This is how a cell grows
and reproduces.
 a cell is really a little bag full of
reactions that are made possible by
enzymes.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiFy-
2hzJlw&feature=related

5. Hydrolysis

Lactase hydrolysis cuts by
adding water to the sugar
lactose into two simple
sugars, glucose and
galactose. Both the initial
and final solutions are
colourless.

6. Lactase Deficiency
when the body begins
to produce less lactase
results from injury to
the small intestine
that occurs with
severe diarrheal
illness, celiac disease,,
or chemotherapy.
is a genetic disorder
which prevents
enzymatic production
of lactase.

7. What is Lactase?

 Lactase is a form of enzyme
which is present in the
human's small intestine.
 It is responsible for the
digestion and break down of
lactose (or milk sugar) in
milk products.

8. SYMPTOMS
• abdominal pain
• abdominal bloating
• gas
• diarrhea
• nausea
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8V81uwYDa0Q

9. Calcium Chart (Intake)


10. How does lactose intolerance
effect your body?

 Lactose intolerance can give
you a high chance of
developing osteoporosis.
 Osteoporosis is a condition
characterized by a decrease in
the density of a bone,
decreasing its strength and
resulting in fragile bones.
 Osteoporosis is due to lack of
calcium, which dairy products
can give you, which lactose
intolerant people can not gain.

11. Tests

 Endoscopy
Endoscopy is a way of looking
inside the body using a
flexible tube that has a small
camera on the end of it. This
instrument is called an
endoscope.

12. Tests
 Lactose- Hydrogen Breath

Test
• A breath sample will be
collected and tested for the
presence of hydrogen.
• To obtain the sample, you
will be asked to blow up a
balloon-type bag.
• Normally, very little
hydrogen is found in the
breath.
• Increased hydrogen breath
levels indicate improper
digestion.

13. Tests
 Lactose Tolerance Test

• Measures how well the body breaks down milk sugar in the intestines. The
patient must not eat or drink for 8 to 12 hours before the test. After this, a blood
sample is taken in order to measure the amount of sugar in the blood. A
solution containing milk, sugar and some lemon is then drunk by the patient. If
they are able to break down milk sugar properly in the intestines, the level of
sugar in the blood will rise within an hour of drinking the solution. Then
another blood test would be taking place. If the level of blood sugar does not
rise this may mean lactose is not split into galactose and glucose.
 Stool pH
A fecal pH test is one where a induvisual of feces is tested for acidity in order to
diagnose a medical condition. Human feces is normally alkaline. An acidic stool
can indicate a digestive problem such as lactose intolerance.

14. Treatment/Technologies
 Lactose Avoidance

• The most effective treatment is to avoid foods and
medications that contain lactose, primarily milk and
milk products.
 Calcium Supplementation
• Physicians recommend that you take
supplemental calcium. Which include pills, or
different types of juice.

15. Treatment/Technologies

 Lactase Enzyme
Supplementation
• You can take lactase
enzyme supplements to
prevent symptoms when
eating/drinking lactose-
containing dairy
products.
• Lactase drops may be
dropped into regular
milk 24 hours before
drinking to reduce
lactose levels.

16. Technology/Something
New

 Something that they
can develop is an app
for Iphones or
blackberries, to see
what percentage of
dairy is in a product.
 Also a new technology
they should develop is
finding if a child is
lactose intolerance
before the child is born.

17. News Articles

 http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2009-08-
30-lactose-intolerance_N.htm
 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6397001.stm
 http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/health/2012/01/
20/think-are-lactose-intolerant-might-want-to-think-
again/
 http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-
5085(02)00013-
6/abstract?referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.
ca%2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den

18. Something to think about. . .

 Do you think its safe to take pills that help you
digest dairy? What if something goes wrong? Is there
a way to fix that?
 Do you think soya milk is safe to drink when you are
lactose intolerant?
 Do you think that lactose intolerance can run in
genes?