This document defines lactose intolerance and outlines its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and nutritional considerations. Lactose intolerance occurs when the body does not produce enough lactase to digest lactose in milk. Symptoms include gas, bloating, and diarrhea. It is caused by a decline in lactase production after infancy for most people. Doctors diagnose it through breath tests or stool tests. Lactose intolerance differs from a milk allergy which is a reaction to milk proteins. The document provides tips for managing lactose intake and alternative calcium sources.

3. Objectives:
1- lactose intolerance
definition and symptoms.
2- what is lactase enzyme.
3- the causes of lactose
intolerance.
4- the diagnosis.
5- what is the difference
between lactose
intolerance, and milk allergy.
6- nutrition consideration.

4. 1-Lactose intolerance :
means the body cannot easily
digest lactose, which is a type of
natural sugar found in milk and
dairy products. This is not the same
thing as a food allergy to milk.
The symptoms: it can last for
a few minutes.
- Bloating.
- Pain or cramps.
- Gurgling or rumbling sounds in the
belly.
- Gas.
- Loose stools or diarrhea.
- Throwing up.

5. 2-lactase
Lactose intolerance occurs
when the small intestine does
not make enough of an enzyme
called lactase.
Lactase: Lactase is produced in the
small intestine. And It is an
enzyme needed to convert milk
sugar (lactose) into simple sugars
that the body can use (glucose
and galactose).

6. 3-causes of lactose
intolerance:
Production of lactase is highest at birth in
full-term infants. It begins to decrease at about
age 3.
Lactose intolerance is common in adults. As
their small intestines produce less lactase.
Lactase production may also decline
temporarily in response to damage of the
intestinal lining, which can occur from a
gastrointestinal illness. Such as:
Cystic fibrosis or surgery to remove a part of
small intestine

7. Hydrogen breath
test. Undigested lactose
produces high levels of
hydrogen gas in the breath.
Doctors can diagnose lactose
intolerance by measuring
this hydrogen after drinking
a lactose-loaded beverage.
4-The diagnosis :
Stool acidity test. Undigested
lactose also increases the
amount of acid in the stool.
Doctors may use this test to
diagnose lactose intolerance
in young children.
Food allergy testing. If the
doctor suspects a milk allergy,
patients may be sent to an
allergist for skin testing or
have a blood sample drawn
for laboratory allergy testing.

8. 5- The difference between lactose intolerance and
milk allergy?
-they describe two different digestive problems,
and one is more severe than the other.
- Milk allergy is a true food allergy caused by an
allergic reaction to the protein in milk.
- Milk allergy usually shows up early in life. Lactose
intolerance is more common, takes longer to
develop, and can occur at any time of life."
The symptoms of food allergy to milk can begin
within minutes or can be delayed for several hours.
Symptoms may include:
Stomach pain
Nausea
Diarrhea
Skin rash
Swelling of the lips or throat
Trouble breathing

9. Nutrition
consideration

10. 6- Nutrition Consideration:
1- Limit the amount of milk and milk products in the
diet. Most people can have about 10 g of lactose each day.
2- Eat or drink milk and milk products along with other
foods. solid food and dairy products
3- Spread milk or milk products throughout the day.
4- Eat or drink milk and milk products that have reduced
lactose.
5- Eat or drink other foods instead of milk and milk
products. Such as oatmilk
6- Use lactase products. Lactase products are dietary
supplement that help you digest lactose.

11. Vegetables
Broccoli
Lettuce greens such as spinach and kale
Seafood
Tuna, canned
Sardines, with edible bones Each 3-ounce serving of
sardines provides 325 milligrams of calcium
Salmon, canned with edible bones
Other foods
Calcium-enriched fruit juice
Soy milk
Almonds milk
Tofu (calcium-enriched)
Eating 2-4 servings
Increase the intake of Vitamin D such as
will help your body to use calcium.
nondairy foods are good sources of calcium and don't contain
lactose:

12. thank you

13. • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and
Kidney Diseases.
• Reviewed by Jennifer Robinson, MD on October 05,
2014
• © 2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.