Laser communication uses laser beams to transmit data through free space. It works similarly to fiber optic communication but through the atmosphere instead of cables. The system consists of a transmitter section that converts signals into a laser beam and a receiver section that receives the beam and extracts the data signals. Laser communication has advantages over radio including higher bandwidth and more secure communication. Its applications include satellite communication and tactical networks. Challenges include atmospheric effects like absorption, fog, and rain that can disrupt the laser beam.

1. LASER COMMUNICATION
NAME: GAURAV SINGH

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Implementation
• Working
• Working model
• Applications
• Advantages
• References

3. Introduction
• Laser communication is one of the key
area in wireless Communications. Due to
its low noise ratio makes its one of the
well suited communication medium for
exchange of information.
• Laser communications systems are
wireless connection through the
atmosphere. Which is focused on
decreasing the noise ratio in optical
communication system. Laser
communications systems work similarly to
fiber optic links, except the beam is
transmitted through free space.

4. Working of system
Signal Transmitter Laser
Receiver Signal

5. Working of system
 Laser Communication System mainly comprise of 2 sections such as
Transmitter section and Receiver section.
 Transmitter section is used to transmit the data and sound signals, which
comprised by microphone, Conditioning ckt, analog to digital converter and
laser diode to generate medium for transmission of signals.
 Transmitter converts the signal into laser beam and transmit it in a straight line.
 The receiver section is used to receive the laser beam, using photo transmitter,
which incorporated with the data or sound signals from the transmitter
comprised of Conditioning, MCR and Digital to Analog converter to extract the
data signals from the received laser beam and given as a input to the speaker.

6. What is the Transmitter?
The transmitter involves:
Signal processing electronics (analog/digital)
Laser modulator
Laser (visible, near visible wavelengths)

7. What is the Receiver?
 The receiver involves:
 Telescope (referred to as ‘antenna’)
 Signal processor
 Detector
-PIN diodes
-Avalanche Photo Diodes (APD)
-Single or multiple detectors
 Often both ends will be equipped
with a receiver and transmitter

8. Why Laser Communication?
Current high speed communications technology:
Radio
Fiber Optics

9. Laser Link Geometry
Critical Design Parameters
Transmit Power
Receive area = 200 cm2
Receiver sensitivity
Beam Divergence = 3 mrad
Distance = 1km
Diameter = 3 m
Beam area = 70686 cm2

10. Uplink/Downlink Data Processing
Sequence
Bits Bit Encoder
to Symbol LASER
Transfer
Optics
Channel
(Atmos.)
Error
Correction
Symbol
Recovery
Amplifier
Receiving
Optics
Bits

11. Applications
 Straight communication with satellite
from the earth.
 Tactical Line Of Sight Optical Network
(TLSON) uses high frequency laser to
transmit data.
 One to many communication.

12. Disadvantages!!
Laser link can be affected by-
 Atmospheric absorption
 Fog, Rain, Pollution (smoke)
 Physical obstructions
 Solar radiations
 These can be reduced by using Laser tuning, multiple number of transmitters,
filters etc.

13. Future Scope
It is more secure and provides high bandwidth
requirements. The low power consumption is
also a great advantage.
It can be the mostly used technique
worldwide in near future.