This document discusses different types of ladders and factors to consider when choosing a ladder. It describes platform step ladders, combination ladders, extension ladders, roof ladders, and accessories. Key points include choosing a ladder based on the intended use, considering length needed to extend above the work area, and storing ladders safely and securely. Materials like aluminum and fiberglass are compared, and maintenance and safety tips are provided.
Staircase is a very important interior element which needs meticulous planning and treatment .It is also a visual treat if aesthetics are considered as well.
Types of staircases-details-moc3 presentationArindam Roy
Types of staircases
details
methods of construction
Architectural presentation
assignment
Stairs are used to create a pedestrian route between different vertical levels by dividing the height between the levels into manageable steps. Very generally, the word 'stairs' refers to a staircase, whereas the word 'step' refers to the steps that make up the staircase.
The type of stairs suitable for different situations will depend on:
The supporting structure.
The amount and type of usage it is likely to receive.
The space available and its geometry.
The difference in height between the top and bottom.
Materials selection
Stairs may be:
Open tread or closed tread.
Provided with handrails on one or both sides, or in the middle on wide stairs.
Enclosed by walls or open on one or both side.
Different widths and lengths and may have a range of step dimensions.
Different geometries.
Staircase used in Indian Buildings _____
South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre (SAHRDC),New Delhi
Hotel Taj,Mumbai
Mahabat Maqbara ,Junagarh
Indian Institute of Management,Ahmedabad
Om dayal college of architecture
Basic Gyan On Staircase
Definition of staircase: a set of stairs and its surrounding walls leading from one level to another.
Functional Requirements: Circulation, Strength, Material, Safety, Ventilation all these aspects are important aspects of a functional staircase
Components: There are various architectural terms related to the staircase which should be learned at this stage to understand the topic better.
Headroom: The minimum clear height between the overhead soffit and the tread is called headroom.
Flight: The unbroken series of steps between the two landings is called the flight.
Landing: The leveled platform with no riser and tread on it placed between flights for resting during the use of stairs is called landing. The in-between landings are called mid landing.
Riser and Tread: Horizontal portion of step on which the foot is rested is called tread. The vertical portion of the step which gives height to the staircase is called riser.
Calculation Of riser and tread is an important and basic aspect for designing a staircase.
Standards for the staircase as per IS code helps in designing purpose with respect to users comfort and safety.
Nosing: The projection of the tread beyond riser increases the footrest area and aesthetics.
Scotia: Supports the projected area of the nosing to avoid breakages at the edges.
Waist Slab: Thickness of the slanted slab of the flight on which the steps are cast.
Line of Nosing: Imaginary line parallel to the nosing.
Stringers: Sloping members supporting the series of steps laterally are called stringers.
Pitch: Angle made by the line of nosing with the floor level is called the pitch.
Handrail: The rail fixed to the baluster to support the user while using the staircase is called handrail.
Balustrade: The series of vertical supports of the handrail running parallel to the steps is called Balustrade.
Newel Post: Vertical member placed at the starting and the end of the railing is called Newel post.
Types Of Staircase with respect to Shape, Geometrical appearance
1) Straight Staircase
2) Turning Staircase
a) Quarter Turn/L-shaped
b) Half Turn/U- Shaped
c) 3 Quarter Turn
d) Bifurcated
3) Continuous Staircase
a)Spiral
b)Circular
c)Helical
4) Winder Staircase
5) Curved Staircase
Design Parameters for staircase designing
1) Headroom Clearance
2) Construction Material
3) Protection against falling
4) Dimension of steps
Types of the staircase as per material
1) Wooden
2) Glass
3) Metal
4) Stone
5) Concrete
Note: The properties of the material are to be considered before choosing for placement as per site conditions and requirement of the project.
Thank You
date - 06-01-2018
i have made all the slide according to poly diploma civil
for copyright claim contact - laxmans227@gmail.com
these are 100% correct but in case of some error comment down or contact me
follow me for all updates
if u have any doubt fell free to ask on comment section
software - power point presentation 2015
Staircase is a very important interior element which needs meticulous planning and treatment .It is also a visual treat if aesthetics are considered as well.
Types of staircases-details-moc3 presentationArindam Roy
Types of staircases
details
methods of construction
Architectural presentation
assignment
Stairs are used to create a pedestrian route between different vertical levels by dividing the height between the levels into manageable steps. Very generally, the word 'stairs' refers to a staircase, whereas the word 'step' refers to the steps that make up the staircase.
The type of stairs suitable for different situations will depend on:
The supporting structure.
The amount and type of usage it is likely to receive.
The space available and its geometry.
The difference in height between the top and bottom.
Materials selection
Stairs may be:
Open tread or closed tread.
Provided with handrails on one or both sides, or in the middle on wide stairs.
Enclosed by walls or open on one or both side.
Different widths and lengths and may have a range of step dimensions.
Different geometries.
Staircase used in Indian Buildings _____
South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre (SAHRDC),New Delhi
Hotel Taj,Mumbai
Mahabat Maqbara ,Junagarh
Indian Institute of Management,Ahmedabad
Om dayal college of architecture
Basic Gyan On Staircase
Definition of staircase: a set of stairs and its surrounding walls leading from one level to another.
Functional Requirements: Circulation, Strength, Material, Safety, Ventilation all these aspects are important aspects of a functional staircase
Components: There are various architectural terms related to the staircase which should be learned at this stage to understand the topic better.
Headroom: The minimum clear height between the overhead soffit and the tread is called headroom.
Flight: The unbroken series of steps between the two landings is called the flight.
Landing: The leveled platform with no riser and tread on it placed between flights for resting during the use of stairs is called landing. The in-between landings are called mid landing.
Riser and Tread: Horizontal portion of step on which the foot is rested is called tread. The vertical portion of the step which gives height to the staircase is called riser.
Calculation Of riser and tread is an important and basic aspect for designing a staircase.
Standards for the staircase as per IS code helps in designing purpose with respect to users comfort and safety.
Nosing: The projection of the tread beyond riser increases the footrest area and aesthetics.
Scotia: Supports the projected area of the nosing to avoid breakages at the edges.
Waist Slab: Thickness of the slanted slab of the flight on which the steps are cast.
Line of Nosing: Imaginary line parallel to the nosing.
Stringers: Sloping members supporting the series of steps laterally are called stringers.
Pitch: Angle made by the line of nosing with the floor level is called the pitch.
Handrail: The rail fixed to the baluster to support the user while using the staircase is called handrail.
Balustrade: The series of vertical supports of the handrail running parallel to the steps is called Balustrade.
Newel Post: Vertical member placed at the starting and the end of the railing is called Newel post.
Types Of Staircase with respect to Shape, Geometrical appearance
1) Straight Staircase
2) Turning Staircase
a) Quarter Turn/L-shaped
b) Half Turn/U- Shaped
c) 3 Quarter Turn
d) Bifurcated
3) Continuous Staircase
a)Spiral
b)Circular
c)Helical
4) Winder Staircase
5) Curved Staircase
Design Parameters for staircase designing
1) Headroom Clearance
2) Construction Material
3) Protection against falling
4) Dimension of steps
Types of the staircase as per material
1) Wooden
2) Glass
3) Metal
4) Stone
5) Concrete
Note: The properties of the material are to be considered before choosing for placement as per site conditions and requirement of the project.
Thank You
date - 06-01-2018
i have made all the slide according to poly diploma civil
for copyright claim contact - laxmans227@gmail.com
these are 100% correct but in case of some error comment down or contact me
follow me for all updates
if u have any doubt fell free to ask on comment section
software - power point presentation 2015
Straight stairs
L shaped [or sometimes called quarter turn]
U shaped Stairs (or sometimes called half turn stairs or switchback stairs)
Winder Stairs
Spiral stairs
Curved stairs
Ladder
Types of Stairs & Staircase in Building ConstructionEr.Karan Chauhan
Staircase types & design or geometry of staircase is useful for civil engineering students in 2nd year of building construction subject. with will guide to students for understand requirements of good stairs, design dimensions,types of staircase etc.
i have made this for my class presentation and i got A+ grade in this so i think i will have to share this with others to expand the knowledge about this topic
Falls from ladders are a leading cause of serious and fatal injuries in the construction industry.
They PPT are to help you:
Understand the types of ladders used in site ladder requirements.
understand how to correct or eliminate fall hazards on your job sites related to ladder use.
Straight stairs
L shaped [or sometimes called quarter turn]
U shaped Stairs (or sometimes called half turn stairs or switchback stairs)
Winder Stairs
Spiral stairs
Curved stairs
Ladder
Types of Stairs & Staircase in Building ConstructionEr.Karan Chauhan
Staircase types & design or geometry of staircase is useful for civil engineering students in 2nd year of building construction subject. with will guide to students for understand requirements of good stairs, design dimensions,types of staircase etc.
i have made this for my class presentation and i got A+ grade in this so i think i will have to share this with others to expand the knowledge about this topic
Falls from ladders are a leading cause of serious and fatal injuries in the construction industry.
They PPT are to help you:
Understand the types of ladders used in site ladder requirements.
understand how to correct or eliminate fall hazards on your job sites related to ladder use.
Telescopic Ladders vs Traditional Ladders.pdfCorvids India
When it comes to choosing the right ladder for your needs, it's essential to consider various factors. In this guide, we will delve into the features, advantages, and disadvantages of both types of ladders to help you make an informed decision.Throughout this guide, we will compare these two ladder types in terms of functionality, versatility, safety, ease of use, and other important aspects. We will highlight the unique characteristics of each type and discuss scenarios where one may outshine the other.
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RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
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Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
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"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
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➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
1. Ladders
Various types of ladders are available. When considering buying or hiring a ladder, look at the
choice available and decide what kind you need for the work you are going to use it for. For
occasional work it will be cheaper to hire what you want when you want it. It is probably worth
while buying a set of multipurpose steps to suit your most
frequency needs.
Platform step ladder
A platform step ladder gives stable working position with a
high level platform for resting tools and materials being
used. Available in various heights and with or without a
high level hand rail. This type opens up like scissors to
give a free standing set of steps with a small platform at
the top, thus leaving your hands free and saving the need
to keep getting off the steps for tools and materials. They
are very stable and, if fitted with a handrail above the
platform, extra safe. When choosing a platform ladder,
make sure the treads are wide enough to allow you to
stand comfortably for long periods. When not in use, the steps fold up and are quite compact
to store.
Combination ladder
A combination ladder offers various arrangements to give a step ladder, an extension ladder
and a stair ladder in one piece of equipment. The combinations fold down to about the same
size as the platform step ladder but is much more versatile. Three way combination ladders
(illustrated right) consist of a pair of ladders which can be arranged in three different
configurations to give a simple step ladder, an extension ladder and a step ladder which can
be positioned astride steps. Four way combination ladders consist of 3 ladders which can be
arranged in the same ways as the 3 way plus an additional arrangement which provide an
extension to the basic step configuration. If you live in a bungalow or flat, a combination
ladder should be sufficient for most jobs.
Extension ladder
Extension ladders are used for working at height. These
consists of two or three parts which can be slid apart to
give the required height. Available as two or three
extensions and in various 'closed' lengths (2.5 to 3.5m). A
double extension ladder, which can give a length of upto
about 8 meters, should be suitable for most two storey
properties. Longer, 3 section ladders can give lengths upto
about 10 metres.
On smaller ladders, the ladder may be extended by hand
and secured with stay locks which rest on to a selected
rung. On larger ladders, the sections are extended by means of a rope loop running down the
side of the ladder and secured upon a cleat.
As the average diy'er will use an extension ladder infrequently, it is probably better to hire one
when it is required. Although if you do use an extension ladder frequently, it will be more
economical to purchase one.
2. Roof ladder
Always use this type of ladder when working on a pitched
roof - fit it and climb onto it from scaffolding (or a scaffold
tower), not a ladder. The roof ladder has two wheels at the
upper end which enables it to be pushed up the roof
without damaging the slates or tiles. On the other side to
the wheels, the ladder is formed into a hook which fits over
the top ridge of the roof and stops the ladder from slipping
down the roof.
Choosing a ladder
Ladders are available in either aluminium or fibreglass (timber ladders have more or less
disappeared from the market). Fibreglass ladders cost more that aluminium, but they do have
advantages.
Aluminium
Aluminium is lightweight and durable, but bends easily and can present risks when electrical
work is being performed. Never use a metal ladder to do electrical work unless it is fitted in
insulated feet.
Aluminium ladders can corrode and weaken by salt air or chemicals an aluminium ladder. The
aluminium sections can also be bent if they are knocked or fall, a distorted section cannot be
reliably repaired.
Fibreglass
Fibreglass is not as light as aluminium, but it does not conduct electricity, is not susceptible to
damage by moisture or rot and does not bend easily.
Fibreglass ladders have not been available for very long, as time passes disadvantages to
them may come to light.
Weight rating
All steps and ladders have a weight rating which indicates the load which will be safely placed
on it.
Look at the quality of the connections and hinges on the ladder, if they look weak and liable to
break, they probably will.
Length needed
To calculate what length of ladder you need, work out the highest point at which you will want
to stand when working and allow for the ladder to extend at least three clear rungs above that
point. Remember that the foot of an extension ladder has to be away from the base of the wall
by about a quarter the height of the ladder, so the working height will be less than the length
of the extended sections. Also remember that the sections need to overlap, a 2 section 3.4m
ladder will give about 6.2m working length and a 3 section 3.4 ladder will give about 8m.
Useful accessories
Various ladder accessories can be bought or hired. Some of them are worth using as they
make working at height more comfortable and convenient.
3. Ladder platform
Clips onto a rung to provide a convenient area for tools
and materials at the top of the ladder.
Ladder tray
This attachment holds bucket and tools in a high position. A stout 'S' hook may also be used
to suspend a bucket or paint can, but is less versatile.
Ladder stay
One end locks onto the top two rungs of the ladder and the
other end rests against the wall so the ladder is held off a
small distance from the wall. It allows the underside of the
eaves and guttering to be worked on without having to lean
back.
Maintaining a ladder
Very little maintenance is required for aluminium or fibreglass ladders. Check that the hinges
of step ladders are not binding and that the sections on extensions ladders slid freely -
aluminium to aluminium friction can weaken the material over a period of time.
On extension ladders, check where rope is used, that it is in sound condition and the fixing
positions are secure/undamaged. Fit new rope as soon as there is any sign of fraying.
Storage
Step and combination ladders can easily be stored in any dry corner but make sure they are
not likely to be damaged or twisted.
4. An extension ladder presents a bigger problem due to its size. An ideal place is the garage,
where it can be kept dry and under lock and key and possibly hung along the wall on strong
hooks or angle brackets and make sure it is well supported in the middle.
ixed point.
Make sure that any ladder is secure and not available for the local burglars, a bicycle style
security chain is useful to secure a ladder to a metal eye in a wall or other f