This document discusses various occupational health and safety hazards found in laboratories and their prevention and control. It provides information on common types of hazards like chemical, physical, biological, and ergonomic hazards. It also summarizes data on the most common causes of industrial accidents in laboratories and chemical labs. Guidelines are given on implementing 5S practices and safety measures in laboratories, dealing with chemical hazards, controlling electrical cords and wires, and following a laboratory safety checklist. Minimum safety rules for abrasive blasting and coating are also outlined.

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2. Introduction
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The hazards in laboratory are mechanical, electrical, energy
radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing), biological, ergonomical
and physical.
In numerous operations and manufacturing processes, there
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are hazards arising from the use of „chemicals‟.
Common causes of industrial accidents
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Accident cause
Total reported acc. (%)
Chemical lab (%)
Handling
28.7
27
Others
24.6
-
Machinery
15.6
1
Slipping and Falling
15.7
17
Striking against
8.4
14
Struck by
6.0
3
Chemicals
1.0
38
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3. Occupational Health Hazards
 Physical - Noise, Vibration,
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Temperature, Radiation,
Illumination, Ventilation,
Decompression, Humidity
Chemical - Metal, Gases, Compounds
Biological- Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Parasite
Ergonomic - Posture, Repetitive motion,
Monotony
Stress
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4. How to Implement 5 “S” in
LABORATORY
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Take out all ledgers, files & forms
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Study the frequency of filling for same.
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Take necessary action on unnecessary ledger / files / forms
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Merge necessary files, forms, ledgers
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Apply everything has the place & everything at its place
principal
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Prepare & display location list.
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Apply cleaning procedures and act on unnecessary things
in office which waste time.
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Apply visual management.
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Remove duplicate items & implement “one is best”
principle.
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5. Chemical Hazards
 A chemical hazard is a chemical for which there is evidence that
health effects may occur if employees are overexposed. A health
hazard may be a
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Carcinogen
Toxic or highly toxic agent
Reproductive toxin
Irritant
Corrosive
Sensitizer
Hepatotoxin
Neurotoxin
Hemototoxin
Agent which damages the
 lungs
 skin
 Eyes
 mucous membranes
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6. Control – Cords & Wires

Insulate live wires
 Check before use
 Use only cords that are 3-wire type
 Use only cords marked for hard or
extra-hard usage
 Use only cords, connection devices,
and fittings equipped with strain relief
 Remove cords by pulling on the plugs,
not the cords
 Cords not marked for hard or extrahard use, or which have been
modified, must be taken out of service
immediately
6
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7. Laboratory Safety Checklist
Fire Prevention
Y/N
Fire extinguishers properly identified/installed
Fire extinguishers tagged with current inspection
Fire extinguishers hydrostatically tested
Fire extinguishers and fire hoses unobstructed
Fire escapes and routes clear
Stairwell fire doors closed
Exits properly marked
Sprinkler heads unobstructed
Excess paper and trash removed
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8. Abrasive Blasting and Coating
Minimum Safety Rules
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Precautions during operations
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Only qualified and SA certified individuals shall operate
abrasive blasting and coating equipment.
All personnel in the area affected by abrasive blasting and
coating shall wear proper PPE and respiratory protection
(e.g., ventilated hoods).
Supplied air for hoods or respirators shall be of the proper
type (grade D) and the delivery system per the
manufacturer‟s specifications.
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