This document provides an overview of using the internet, outlining topics covered in lessons 44 through 50 such as getting started, using a web browser, searching for and qualifying information, risks of computing, and responsible internet use. It describes elements of web pages like URLs, navigation bars, and hyperlinks. It also defines different types of websites like commercial, education, and government sites.

1. Living Online
Module C
Unit 8: Using the Internet
Lesson Topic
44 Getting Started
45 Using a Web Browser
46 Using Information From
the Web
47 Searching for Information
48 Qualifying the Information
49 The Risks of Computing
50 Using the Internet Responsibly
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2. Lesson 44: Getting Started
• what the World Wide Web is
• what a Web site is
• what a Web browser is
• identify standard elements on a Web page
• recognize different Web site types
• understand some common terminology
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3. Understanding the World Wide Web
• Global network consisting of many smaller networks connected
together
• Also application that enables users to communicate and share
information through e-mail or by viewing contents of Web site
• Web server hosts or stores company’s or person’s Web site
• Web site is collection of pages containing information about
company, person, product, or service
– May be one of many stored or hosted on web server, usually owned by
Internet Service Provider
– Collection of Web sites hosted by all web servers connected to Internet
is known as World Wide Web, “The Web” or “www”
• To view Web page, need web browser to help access information by
displaying pictures, text, and animations using “point and click”
– Use HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to communicate to Web server
hosting Web page
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4. Looking at Web Pages
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 URL 2 Navigation Bar 3 Picture 4 Field 5 Hyperlink 6 Button
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5. Looking at Web Pages
• First page in Web site is top level page, called home
page or index page
• Standard elements available on Web pages
– URL: Uniform Resource Locator standard method to identify Web
page or navigate to other pages in this Web site or on Web
– Navigation Bar: May contain navigation bar on left side or top of
page, or called site map
– Picture: Can contain pictures which can be static or dynamic
– Field: Forms with fields or blank spaces where you can enter
information
– Hyperlink: Text or graphic with URL “embedded”; indicates link
– Button: Interactive graphic that performs action when clicked
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6. Looking at Web Pages
• Web pages are simple text files with no formatting or images
• Formatting instructions written in language called HyperText Markup
Language (HTML)
• Any data used from Web pages is called eXtensible Markup
Language (XML) content
– Enables Web designer to separate content from formatting so content
can be used in other software applications
• Pictures stored separately on Web server and Web page only
contains “placeholders” where pictures are inserted
• All Web browsers contain button to quickly return to default home
page
• To go to Web page or site other than home page, URL must contain
path to particular file
• Can enter Internet Protocol (IP) address in URL field to go to Web
site
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7. Using the Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
• Can communicate with any other
computer provided:
– You know address of other computer
– Both computers speak same protocol
• Web browser communicates with any
server connected to Internet
– Uses protocol portion of URL
• Do not need to type “www” of Web
address
– Crucial to enter protocol if different server
type
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8. Identifying Web Site Types
1 Server Name
www.ccilearning.com
2 Name of Organization
1 2 3 3 Domain Category
• Server Name: Identifies server type
• Name of Organization: Identifies organization owning server
• Domain Category: Identifies server’s information domain
• Common domain categories and types of Web sites:
.com Commercial site where organization is selling service or product
.net Another type of commercial Web site, usually managed by ISP
.edu Education site that shares information about academic institution,
curriculum, and other activities
.gov Associated with local, regional, or national government
.org Dedicated to non-profit organization to promote specific cause
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9. Identifying Web Site Types
• Domain categories identify country where Web site hosted
• “Search sites” designed to help find items on Internet
– Enter text in search field to identify what looking for to produce list of
results that match search criteria
• Social networking sites share
information or communicate with
people from around world, usually
for photos or videos
• Blogs similar to journals where
people can “share” information,
opinions or ideas on certain topics
• Wiki site consists of related Web pages
promoting collaboration on specific topics
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10. Identifying Web Site Types
• Online software applications can be downloaded for free
instead of buying, or working with software online directly
– Usually set up as subscriptions
• Web portals
provide consistent
appearance for
many pages offering
variety of resources
in one location
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11. Identifying Other Web Page Elements
ActiveX Programming tool that enables Web designers to
include interactive applications in Web pages.
Cookies Piece of text stored on hard drive to allow Web site to
retrieve information about which sites visited and what
information interests you. Consists of identifier
assigned by Web site, and Web site address.
Digital Depend on encryption technology and used to identify
Certificates parties in e-commerce transaction as valid.
Encryption Ensures unauthorized individuals not able to obtain
personal or financial information you submit with order.
FTP Send large file via File Transfer Protocol site; type of
storage location.
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12. Identifying Other Web Page Elements
Podcast Personal On Demand broadCast is collection of media
files in digital format that can be downloaded to
computer device to play or “stream” content using
specialized software.
Really Simple Similar to mailing list you might subscribe to, using that
Syndication site’s “RSS feed”; information distributed in standard
(RSS) XML format to view it in various programs, including
e-mail.
Secure Public key scrambles text to make it unreadable; other
Socket Layer party applies private key to encrypted file to
(SSL) unscramble and convert to original document.
Web Cache Cache on Web is way to increase speed you can
access files on Internet by reducing bandwidth usage
and server load.
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13. Review Questions
1. What is a home page?
a. Your company’s Web site
b. A specific search engine’s Web site
c. The page you want to see first whenever you start the
Web browser.
d. A personal Web site
2. Which of the following protocols enables you to view the
formatting in a Web page?
a. HTTP b. HTML
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14. Review Questions
3. How can a blog site be used?
a. As a diary
b. To share opinions
c. To send and receive e-mails
d. As an online journal
e. Any of the previous
f. a, b, or d
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15. Review Questions
4. What is the main difference between a Web site and a Web
portal?
a. Only a Web site can be owned by a commercial
organization.
b. A Web portal usually offers more services such as free e-
mail and a search engine.
c. A Web portal only exists from organizations that offer
search capabilities using a database.
d. There are no differences.
5. A cookie is a piece of text stored on your hard drive so a Web
site can retrieve information about which sites you visit or
have an interest in.
a. True b. False
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