The document discusses a redesign of the Stryker Scorpio knee replacement system to last longer before revision surgery is needed. The target users are young, active patients aged 60 and younger. Through interviews, it was found that poor bone-implant fixation was a common cause of revision. The redesign uses titanium alloy components with a porous surface to encourage bone growth and improve fixation. Prototypes were created through 3D printing and drawings. The final concept adds pores of 100 microns, which research showed could increase bone ingrowth by 15-30%. This design aims to better suit active lifestyles and require fewer revision surgeries.
Latest advances in Joint replacements higlkights rane of procedures currently performed by Dr. Venkatachalam. This list is not exhaustive and newer procedures are introduced frequently. Patients seeking value medical care abroad will benefit from this knowledge
Latest advances in Joint replacements higlkights rane of procedures currently performed by Dr. Venkatachalam. This list is not exhaustive and newer procedures are introduced frequently. Patients seeking value medical care abroad will benefit from this knowledge
The majority of elderly patients who receive a hip replacement retain the prosthesis for 15 to 20 years, and sometimes for life. However, some patients may need one or more revisions of a hip replacement, particularly if the initial hip replacement surgery is performed at a young age and the patient chooses to have a very active physical lifestyle.
Knee Replacement has a versatile treatments which were being provided by multispeciality hospitals located at kharghar Navi Mumbai localitiy with all the advance technologies and experienced doctors and surgeons
Acl Reconstruction Surgery In Delhi Dr. Shekhar Srivastav 09971192233DelhiArthroscopy
ACL Reconstruction Surgery in Delhi by Dr. Shekhar Srivastav - Dr. Shekhar Srivastav is an Orthopedic Surgeon attached to Sant Parmanand Hospital, Delhi with special interest in Knee & Shoulder surgery. After obtaining his M.S. Orthopedics degree he has undergone training in various centers in India and Abroad which has helped him in understanding the Orthopedics problems and their Management. He did his AO/ ASIF fellowship at University Hospital, Salzburg, Austria in 2006 and recieved training in Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine at TUM, Munich (Germany) & Rush Orthopedics Centre, Chicago( USA). He has an experience of more than fifteen years of diagnosing and treating Orthopedics & Trauma patients.
Check Out Details at http://www.delhiarthroscopy.com
Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction By Dr Shekhar ShrivastavDelhiArthroscopy
Arthroscopic Acl Reconstruction By Dr Shekhar Shrivastav.
HOW NORMAL KNEE WORKS ?
The knee is the largest joint in the body, and one of the most easily injured. It is made up of the lower end of the thigh bone(femur), the upper end of the shin bone (tibia), and the knee cap (patella), which slides in a groove on the end of the femur. Four bands of tissue, the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, and the medial and lateral collateral ligaments connect the femur and the tibia and provide joint stability. The surfaces where the femur, tibia and patella touch are covered with articular cartilage, a smooth substance that cushions the bones and enables them to glide freely. Semicircular rings of tough fibrous-cartilage tissue called the lateral and medial menisci act as shock absorbers and stabilizers.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF ACL ?
ACL along with other ligaments of the knee joint and meniscus provides stability to the knee joint.
WHAT IS LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION ( ACL ) ?
Ligament reconstruction involves replacing the torn ligament with a tendon (graft) from your knee and fixing the graft in place with screws. This procedure is performed with the use of the arthroscope. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common ligament requiring reconstruction procedures. The torn ligament is excised arthroscopically and new ligament is prepared by ligament grafts taken from your own body. Bony tunnels are prepared in femur and tibia using specialized instruments through which the new ligament is passed and fixed with special screws. This procedure requires relative rest or leave from your work or studies for about 2-3 weeks after which you will be allowed normal day to day activities.
WHEN CAN THE PATIENT BE AMBULATED AFTER SURGERY ?
The patient can walk from the same evening of the surgery. Initially the patient is advised to walk with a brace and a walking cane. Strengthening and range of motion exercises for the knee are started from the next day. The patient is discharged from the hospital 2nd or 3rd day after surgery. The patient can walk without support by 10-14 days depending on muscle strengthening. Slow Jogging and other strenuous activities are permitted after 3 months and the patient can return to active sports only 8-9 months after surgery.
Torn ACL Reconstructed ACL
For Further Queries contact your Orthopedic Surgeon at
+ 91 9971192233
Since 60 percent of patients ungergoing a knee replacement are women, it makes sense to have a specially designed implant for the female anatomy. The Gender specific knee implant is an unique prosthesis designed for women's anatomy. Women with bilateral knee replacements one with a tradiitonal knee and the other with a gender knee state that they are more comfortable with the gender knee.
The majority of elderly patients who receive a hip replacement retain the prosthesis for 15 to 20 years, and sometimes for life. However, some patients may need one or more revisions of a hip replacement, particularly if the initial hip replacement surgery is performed at a young age and the patient chooses to have a very active physical lifestyle.
Knee Replacement has a versatile treatments which were being provided by multispeciality hospitals located at kharghar Navi Mumbai localitiy with all the advance technologies and experienced doctors and surgeons
Acl Reconstruction Surgery In Delhi Dr. Shekhar Srivastav 09971192233DelhiArthroscopy
ACL Reconstruction Surgery in Delhi by Dr. Shekhar Srivastav - Dr. Shekhar Srivastav is an Orthopedic Surgeon attached to Sant Parmanand Hospital, Delhi with special interest in Knee & Shoulder surgery. After obtaining his M.S. Orthopedics degree he has undergone training in various centers in India and Abroad which has helped him in understanding the Orthopedics problems and their Management. He did his AO/ ASIF fellowship at University Hospital, Salzburg, Austria in 2006 and recieved training in Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine at TUM, Munich (Germany) & Rush Orthopedics Centre, Chicago( USA). He has an experience of more than fifteen years of diagnosing and treating Orthopedics & Trauma patients.
Check Out Details at http://www.delhiarthroscopy.com
Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction By Dr Shekhar ShrivastavDelhiArthroscopy
Arthroscopic Acl Reconstruction By Dr Shekhar Shrivastav.
HOW NORMAL KNEE WORKS ?
The knee is the largest joint in the body, and one of the most easily injured. It is made up of the lower end of the thigh bone(femur), the upper end of the shin bone (tibia), and the knee cap (patella), which slides in a groove on the end of the femur. Four bands of tissue, the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, and the medial and lateral collateral ligaments connect the femur and the tibia and provide joint stability. The surfaces where the femur, tibia and patella touch are covered with articular cartilage, a smooth substance that cushions the bones and enables them to glide freely. Semicircular rings of tough fibrous-cartilage tissue called the lateral and medial menisci act as shock absorbers and stabilizers.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF ACL ?
ACL along with other ligaments of the knee joint and meniscus provides stability to the knee joint.
WHAT IS LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION ( ACL ) ?
Ligament reconstruction involves replacing the torn ligament with a tendon (graft) from your knee and fixing the graft in place with screws. This procedure is performed with the use of the arthroscope. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common ligament requiring reconstruction procedures. The torn ligament is excised arthroscopically and new ligament is prepared by ligament grafts taken from your own body. Bony tunnels are prepared in femur and tibia using specialized instruments through which the new ligament is passed and fixed with special screws. This procedure requires relative rest or leave from your work or studies for about 2-3 weeks after which you will be allowed normal day to day activities.
WHEN CAN THE PATIENT BE AMBULATED AFTER SURGERY ?
The patient can walk from the same evening of the surgery. Initially the patient is advised to walk with a brace and a walking cane. Strengthening and range of motion exercises for the knee are started from the next day. The patient is discharged from the hospital 2nd or 3rd day after surgery. The patient can walk without support by 10-14 days depending on muscle strengthening. Slow Jogging and other strenuous activities are permitted after 3 months and the patient can return to active sports only 8-9 months after surgery.
Torn ACL Reconstructed ACL
For Further Queries contact your Orthopedic Surgeon at
+ 91 9971192233
Since 60 percent of patients ungergoing a knee replacement are women, it makes sense to have a specially designed implant for the female anatomy. The Gender specific knee implant is an unique prosthesis designed for women's anatomy. Women with bilateral knee replacements one with a tradiitonal knee and the other with a gender knee state that they are more comfortable with the gender knee.
NJR data reports that the majority of surgeons use a cemented stem for hemiarthroplasty in fractured neck of femur patients. For those that use an uncemented implant this simple tool can help predict those patients in whom the risk of fracture is high and where a cemented implant should be further considered.
Periprosthetic fractures are the third most common reason for revision total hip arthroplasty. Surgical treatment of periprosthetic fractures belongs to the most difficult procedures due to the extensive surgery, elderly polymorbid patients and the high frequency of other complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of operatively treated periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty.
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The first knee replacement was performed in 1968. Since then, improvements in material selection and techniques have greatly increased its effectiveness.
The study of biomaterials by biomedical engineers has led to advancements in more accurate sizing, the option of patella femoral replacement, better instrumentation as well as components that allow an increased range of motion and a lower wear rate have since been developed and implemented. During this period the collaboration between surgeons and engineers produced many developments in the design of the prosthesis. Today this procedure is safe and established even if in continuous development. The progress in technologies and the use of new materials let researches try again old-fashioned techniques from the past in order to be improved.The most common reason for knee replacement is that other treatments (weight loss, exercise/physical therapy, medicines, injections, and bracing) have failed to relieve arthritis-associated knee pain. The goal of knee replacement is to relieve pain, improve quality of life, and maintain or improve knee function
Scope
Possible disadvantages of knee replacement surgery include replacement joints wearing out over time, difficulties with some movements and numbness. A replacement knee can never be quite as good as a natural knee – most people rate the artificial joint about three-quarters average (Marian et al.,2021)
Most knee replacements aren’t designed to bend as far as your natural knee. Although it’s usually possible to kneel, some people find it uncomfortable to put weight on the scar at the front of the knee. There may be some numbness at the outer edge of the spot. This usually improves over about two years, but it’s unlikely that the feeling will ultimately return to normal. A replacement knee joint may wear out after a time or may become loose.
, total knee replacement can help relieve pain that emanates from arthritis restoring the normal mobility of an individual. The procedure involves removing the damaged bone and cartilage from the thigh bone, shin bone, and kneecap and replacing it with an artificial joint made of metal alloys, high-grade plastics and polymers. However, despite having its advantages, total knee replacement surgery carries several risks such as infection, blood clots in the leg veins or lungs, heart attack, stroke and nerve damage. The artificial knee can also wear out due to excessive use. Excess glue is squeezed out to the side as the element is pressed into place and removed. The cement hardens quickly, the incision is closed using several layers of sutures, and a bandage is applied
The Proxima hip replacement is one of the few short stem hip prosthesis that eliminate undesirable side effects of a total hip replacement. With the proxima hip, there is less bone loss, less risk of dislocation and no thigh pain. A variety of bearing options are also possible like ceramic, metal, polyetheylene. Dr. Venkatachalam offers this procedure at affordable costs at the Madras Joint Replacement Center ( MJRC)
The stem less Proxima hip is a bone sparing hip replacement.
Patients of avascular necrosis with cysts in the head of the femur need not panic when they are told that they cannot have a hip resurfcing. Rather than subject themselves to a BHMR with a very short folow up, they can safely opt for the Proxima hip replacement which has a follow up of twelve years.
Madras Joint Replacement Center (MJRC )
http://www.hipsurgery.in
2. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
Executive Summary
The medical device which was redesigned is the Stryker Scorpio Posterior Stabilized
Single Axis Total Knee System. The specific area of design focus of this knee
replacement is to extending the length of time it will last before a revision surgery is
needed, currently 15 years on average. There are two users for this device, the surgeon
and the patient. who will have the implanted in them. However, the target user that is
most affected by the design opportunity addressed is the patient. The population of users
which will be targeted are young and moderately active patients who put more stress on
their knees than the average person. These young, active patients are 60 years old and
younger who will have a longer lifetime left to possibly need multiple revision surgeries.
To begin our research process, a woman who received her first knee replacement in her 50’s was interviewed about the total number
of revisions she acquired over the years and what caused the need for these revisions. It was discovered that poor bone-implant
fixation was the ultimate cause for these revisions. To continue our research, we investigated the frequency of knee replacement
loosening in users, in addition to various ways this could be prevented. In brief, we redesigned the knee replacement with titanium
alloy femoral and tibial components with a porous surface to improve bone-implant fixation. Titanium has a Young’s Modulus closer
to bone than the current metal used in the Stryker Scorpio knee replacement model, Cobalt-Chrome. The smaller difference of
modulus between the implant and surrounding bone can prevent stress shielding, bone resorption, and ultimately aseptic loosening of
the femoral and tibial components. And while porosity can further tailor Young’s Modulus of a dense metal to more closely match the
mechanical properties of bone, it can also encourage bone growth into the pores and improve implant-bone fixation. According to the
professional opinions we sought, as well as the accumulation of research on successful hip replacements with porous technology, our
design is plausible. In addition, our design achieves the five categories of criteria, including safety, biocompatibility, durability,
accessibility, and affordance. However, due to limited resources, this design cannot be tested for success in a clinical trial with human
subjects. Therefore, it cannot be determined whether the chosen pore size, shape, and distribution would achieve the optimal amount
of implant stability.
Table of Contents
1. Background
2. Analysis
3. Project Brief and User Profile
4. Concept Development
5. Prototyping
6. Final Concept
3. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
1. Background
The first knee replacement was developed
by Theophilus Gluck. In 1974 Frank Gunston
developed the total condylar knee. In the early
1980s, Fred Bruchel and Michael Papas
developed a mobile bearing knee replacement
off the design Buechel-Pappas joint
replacement. The first standard set in place by
the FDA was in 1987. Until the 1990s, a foot
long cut was needed down the knee to insert the
implant.
The motivation for this project is to improve
the current knee replacement technology so that
it will better suit a patient with an active
lifestyle, and will last longer with less revisions.
The need for a better knee replacement is in
demand for our generation, who are very active
and are prone to injuring the knee.
4. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
2. Analysis
The knee replacement is composed
of three components, the femoral
component, the tibial tray, and the tibial
insert. The femoral component and the
tibial tray are made of Cobalt-Chrome alloy
using an injection model. The tibial tray is
Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight
Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and is custom
shaped with a CNC cut.
We researched bone graphing and
different types of metals and plastics that
could be used, and still be biocompatible
and strong enough to handle the forces and
moments of the knee. We drew force
diagrams and found the forces acting on the
knee and moments. As you can see there
are no moments, but there are forces acting
upon the knee. From this we concluded that
Titanium based alloys using a casting void
would be better than the Cobalt-Chrome
alloy, and the plastic would stay the same.
5. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
3. Project Brief and User Profile
The goal of this project is to
improve the longevity of the knee
replacement, resulting in less revisions. We
mean to do this by adding pores to the
surface of the knee replacement, which will
allow for better attachment because of bone
in growth into the pores. The function of
our knee replacement is to remove the
damaged bone and replace it with the metal
knee to allow no pain or discomfort to the
patient when moving.
User Profile
Roberto Micheal, a 53 year old
male, is a very active young adult, who
cycles to be active. He is our typical user
that is young and likes to be active, which
has caused him troubles with his knees. He
would like a knee replacement he does not
have to revise every 15-20 years, because
at his age that results in 3-5 revisions.
6. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
4. Concept Development
One of our first designs was slanting
the stem of the tibial insert, so that it went
with the natural angle of the tibial bone.
After research we discovered that this
would not work because everyone's angle
of slant for the tibial bone is different, and
surgeons already compensate for this.
Our second idea was to elongate the
stem, so that it had more bone to attach to.
After further research we discovered that
this causes the patient more pain, and also
loosens faster over time.
7. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
5. Prototypes
Here are the clay prototypes of the
elongated stem, the slanted stem, and the
pores on the femoral and tibial components.
8. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
5. Prototypes
Here are the prototypes that were
3D printed before holes were drilled for the
pores.
9. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
5. Prototypes
Here are the orthographic drawings
and Solidworks models of the final product
for the femoral component.
10. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
5. Prototypes
Here are the orthographic drawings
and Solidworks models of the final product
for the tibial tray.
11. Knee Replacement Revision
Alex Cavallaro, Asia Hernandez, Niniola Mark, Tyler Rice
6. Final Concept
Our final knee replacement is made
using a 3D printer, and we drilled holes into
the surface. If we could cast these the pores
would have a diameter of 100 microns. This
pore size was revealed o have ingrowth of
15-30%.