This document summarizes Kenya's efforts to develop a national climate change action plan. It outlines Kenya's vulnerability to climate change impacts and its existing climate strategies. The national climate change action plan was developed through stakeholder consultations and aims to implement the national climate change response strategy. It identifies priority adaptation and mitigation actions across sectors. The action plan also analyzes Kenya's emission reduction potential and enables mainstreaming of climate change into development planning. Next steps include finalizing climate change policies and legislation, implementing priority adaptation actions, and preparing programs to reduce emissions from sectors like energy and agriculture.

1. DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
ACTION PLAN IN KENYA
Maurice Nyunja Otieno
National Environment ManagementAuthority
KENYA
(NATIONAL ADAPTAION PLAN(NAP) – TRAINING WORKSHOP HELD AT
UN –CONFERENCE CENTRE, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA –FROM 13TH -18TH
APRIL 2014

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National Circumstances
Kenya Profile
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National Circumstances
• Kenya is highly vulnerable to climate change & climate
variability
• Adverse impacts associated with climate change
include droughts and floods
Dependence of the economy on climate sensitive
sectors eg. Agriculture, Energy, Tourism
Low adaptive capacities
Climate change impacts estimated to cost ~2.6% of the
GDP annually with budget expenditure ~ US $ 2.278
billion –climate change related
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Despair during extended drought conditions (1998-2000) in Kenya

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Have floods become more intense and/or more frequent?
National Climate Change Respose Strategy, 2010

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National circumstances
• Constitution of Kenya, 2010- elevates issues of environment
and development as human rights, which effectively lays a firm
foundation for climate change work.
o The Constitution requires that all existing policies, laws and other
instruments be aligned to it. This provides an opportunity for policy
and legal reforms that will integrate climate change considerations.
o Created a two tier government :National and County
government:47 Counties
• National Development blue print :Vision 2030
• Active in International & regional Environmental diplomacy:
signed UNFCCC,UNCCD,CBD,Earth Summit ,EAC & AMCEN
• Uncoordinated adaptation & mitigation programmes, projects
and activities implemented by different stakeholders
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Climate Change Strategy & Action Plan
• Kenya National Climate Response
Strategy(NCCRS) launched in 2010
as a guide to strengthen and focus nation wide
action towards climate change adaptation and
mitigation (vulnerability assessments)
• National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP
2013-2017) developed and launched in 2013 to
implement the NCCRS (assessments & analysis)
18 Jan 2012 MEMR © 2011

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NCCAP 2013-2017
• NCCAP takes adaptation and mitigation efforts to
the next stage of implementation and equips the
country to take actions in responding to challenges
• It supports efforts towards the continued attainment
of Constitution implementation, Vision 2030, MDGs
• NCCAP helps Kenya meet international obligations
under UNFCCC and inline with regional policies
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Stock takingMinistry Departments
Agencies(MDAs)
Initiative
Ministry of Water Environment &
Natural Resources
(water,Forest,Wildlife,Natural
Resources)
-National climate Change Secretariat (Director) & staff
-National Climate Change Policy
-Kenya National Climate Change Action Plan
-National Green growth Strategy- 2014
_Environmental Policy(Draft)
-Climate change Policy(Draft)
-Environment Management Coordination Act No.9 of 1999)-under review
-regulatory institutions (NEMA,KFS,WRMA,KWS )
-Designated Authority(DA)
&National Implementation Entity(NIE)
-REDD+ readiness
-NAMA listings
Devotion and National
Development Planning
-Vision 2030- Environment & social pillar flagship projects
-Medium Term Planning Framework-MTP II –budgeting process/climate mainstream
- T21 planning model /climate change Indicators for performance monitoring/budgeting code
-Environmental sustainability reporting /targets on climate change (Rio + 20)
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Treasury -Climate change Finance Bill (draft)
-climate Change Finance Policy
Agriculture -Climate Change Unit(staff)
-Agriculture sector climate change strategy
-smart agriculture development programme
-Agriculture index & crop insurance scheme
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Energy -Energy Policy Revised/green Energy(solar panels for every new building)
-climate change Unit
-17 CDM Registrations & 20 in pipeline

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Action plan process (Actors/stakeholders)
Spearheaded by the GoK;
Collaboration with the Private Sector; Academia;
Civil Society & other stakeholders;
Multi-disciplinary TF/TWGs;
Support from development partners;
Consultations at National & County Levels.
Endorsed by Cabinet – Feb 2013.
Launched in March, 2013
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Actors

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Multi-disciplinary Task Forces /Technical Working
Groups(TF/TWGs)
Theme: Climate change resilient development and low carbon
growth
1.long term National low Carbon climate Resilient pathways
2.Enabling policy and Regulatory frameworks
3.Adaptation Analysis and prioritization
4.Mitigation and National Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)
5.National Technology Action Plan
6.National Performance and benefit measurements (MRV +)
7.Knowledge Management and Capacity building
8.Finance

13. NCCAP Components
1. Long-term Low C climate resilient Dev Pathway
2. Enabling Policy and Regulatory Framework
3. ADAPTATION 4. MITIGATION
5. National
Technology
Action
Plan
6. National
Performance &
Benefit
Measurement
7. Knowledge
Management &
Capacity
Development
8. Finance
ENABLERS

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Key Actions
1.Adaptation
Over 300 adaptation actions in the Adaptation
Technical Analysis Reports (ATAR);
• Clustered around the Medium Term Plan (MTP)
sectors;
• Actions prioritised using some agreed criteria;
12 cross-cutting and 30 sectoral actions.
• On-going process to finalise the National
Adaptation Plan (NAP).
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Emission scenario analysis
Business as Usual the
Emission is likely to
increase from 59 million
(MtCO2 -102 MtCO2 e)
elctricity,transport
& waste & Energy
increasing significantly
Highest opportunities for
reduction of emission
forestry has the highest
abatement potential (
highest adaptation co-
benefits)

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2. Kenya’s Mitigation potential
(Indicative of potential areas for NAMA development)
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Synergy & adaptation co-benefits
sector Mitigation Abatement
MtCO₂e
Adaptation benefits
agriculture agroforestry 4.2 -Food security
-soil quality
Conservation tillage 1.2 -minimise fire use
-improved grazing in ASAL
-drought tolerant crops
Environment
Water & sanitation
Restoration of forest 30 -restoration of forest in degraded
land
-increased discharge & flow
volumes

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future planning directions
-Reduce emission intensity in a growing economy
(industrialized by 2030)
-Sustainable development- poverty alleviation at center of all
development
- Adaptation-reduce vulnerability, risk reduction,
appropriate response to climate impacts effects , coping
mechanisms, improve resilience
- Mitigation-deliberate action to reduce GHG emissions
from BAU in economic growth and anthropogenic sources
as well
- Mainstreaming in Policy ,plans and programmes & Climate
proofed development

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3. Big Win opportunities in the NCCAP
Big Win opportunities that deliver both the highest
mitigation potential as well as adaptation and building
resilience include:
• Geothermal power generation
• Distributed clean energy solutions eg improved cook
stoves, renewable lanterns etc
• Climate smart agriculture and agroforestry
• Improved water resource management
• Restoration of forests
• Climate proofed infrastructural development
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Towards a coherent CC Policy & Law
Enabling Legal & Policy framework
-Legal Preparedness Assessment Report(LPAR)–
Identified existing policies & Laws, gaps, barriers and opportunities
for effective climate change –
provides the analytical basis for strengthened and reformed to
support climate response
-Kenya has at least 90 national policies and laws that are relevant to
climate change –no direct provisions for climate change ; Example –
EMCA, Forestry, Agriculture, Energy, Drought Mgt policies,
Transport, Water, etc
-need for enactment of climate change Bill (draft)
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Towards coherent CC Policy cont’d
NCCAP -Key Recommendations include:
Standalone Coherent Climate Change Policy
Climate Change law
Miscellaneous Amendments
Institutional reforms
Development of Climate Change Policy and legislation
are key priority actions of the GoK and coordinated
by the MEW&NR
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Key achievements
• Formulation of NCCRS and NCCAP
• Interim institutional arrangements in place(coordination)
• Mainstreaming of Climate change –MTPII
• Intensification of afforestation and reafforestation
programme
• Promotion of climate smart agriculture
• Promotion of Renewable energy development
• Capacity building on MRV – establishing SLEEK
• Climate innovation Centre(CIC)
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Next Steps
• Capacity building and awareness at the national &
county levels -Mainstreaming of climate change
• Climate Change policy & Climate change Bill - to be
finalized before June, 2014
• Taking Agriculture priority actions in NCCAP forward
• Finalization of NAP and alignment to GoK priorities
• NAMAs preparation-Geothermal, distributed clean
technologies-offgrid areas, Transport
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Next steps….
• Enhanced coordination- Institutions &
tracking tool
• Study on climate change budget coding
• Establishing Climate Change Fund – study
climate change public finance expenditure
review
• Climate Change Resource Centre –
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Conclusion& Reccomendations
• Climate change is a cross-cutting issue - requires high level political
goodwill and support( placement in a Powerful office-Political buy in)
• Preparation of strategies & Implementation require participation of all the
stakeholders within and outside Government( PPP support
&strengthening of governance issues)
• Clear need for Mainstreaming climate action in development planning
process (sectoral & County mainstreaming therefore mainstreaming
approaches & tools)
• Clear high level coordination governance structure is crucial
• Climate actions are expensive – collaboration, partnerships, support &
investments (requires National Budgetary streams,PPP support,ODS &
fudiciary standards)
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THANK YOU
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