International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF IN FILLED RC FRAMES WITH OPENINGIAEME Publication
Reinforced concrete frames are usually infilled with masonry walls but, in most designs, both the shear strength capacity of these walls and the contribution of the infill panel openings on the shear strength of the infilled frame, especially in critical cases of seismic loading are generally ignored. This paper reports the results of an experimental study of the influence of central openings in the infill on the sway stiffness of reinforced concrete plane frames. A series of 1:4 scaled structural models with opening ratios from 0 to 50 percent in steps of 10 percent were designed, constructed and tested in the study to obtain the load - displacement profiles.
Performance Based Evaluation of Shear Walled RCC Building by Pushover AnalysisIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF IN FILLED RC FRAMES WITH OPENINGIAEME Publication
Reinforced concrete frames are usually infilled with masonry walls but, in most designs, both the shear strength capacity of these walls and the contribution of the infill panel openings on the shear strength of the infilled frame, especially in critical cases of seismic loading are generally ignored. This paper reports the results of an experimental study of the influence of central openings in the infill on the sway stiffness of reinforced concrete plane frames. A series of 1:4 scaled structural models with opening ratios from 0 to 50 percent in steps of 10 percent were designed, constructed and tested in the study to obtain the load - displacement profiles.
Performance Based Evaluation of Shear Walled RCC Building by Pushover AnalysisIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Study of variations in dynamic stability of tall structure corresponding to s...ijceronline
Construction of tall buildings, both residential and commercial are in insistance. In case of tall structure high lateral forces develops due to earthquake load and wind load are crucial. Thus the effects of lateral loads needs consideration for strength and stability of the structures. In tall buildings, lateral loads are critical as it increases drastically after a certain height of the structure. Shear wall systems are one of the most commonly used dynamic load resisting systems in high-rise buildings which help in achieving strength and stability along with economy. In this study, an attempt has been carried out to check the dynamic stability of a tall residential structure by applying variations symmetric arrangement of the shear wall. The Case study of a 26 storied RCC structure situated in Pune region of Maharashtra, India has been carried out. The effect of location of shear wall on dynamic behaviour of building is analysed using ETABS software using response spectrum method for earthquake analysis and IS875 (III) for wind analysis. The proposed position of shear wall gives the effective results as compare to other position.
Analysis of rc framed structures with central and partial openings in masonry...eSAT Journals
Abstract In Reinforced concrete frames the masonry infill walls are a common practice in countries like India, where the region is prone to seismic activity. In general, the masonry infill walls are treated as nonstructural element in structural analysis and only the contribution of its mass for is considered and it’s structural parameters like strength and stiffness is generally ignored in practice, such an approach may lead to an unsafe design. Infill walls resist lateral loads but because of the openings in the infill wall the resistance may slightly reduce. The IS code provisions do not provide guidelines for the analysis and design of RC frames with infill wall and for different percentage of openings. In this study, an office or residential building outer side central opening or outer side partial openings are used and analysis is carried for Bare Frame model, infill walls without opening, infill walls with outer periphery central opening and infill wall with outer periphery partial opening models. In ETABS software G+14 RC framed building models has been prepared, Equivalent Static Lateral force method, Response spectrum method has been performed for analysis as per IS 1893 : 2002 including p-delta effects. Storey displacement, Storey shear, Storey drift, with soft storey considering the effects of infill wall with central and partial openings are the parameters considered in this study. For modeling, the Equivalent diagonal strut method has been used to find out the width of Strut using FEMA 273 .The results for bare frame, infill wall, and infill wall with central and partial openings are discussed and conclusions are made. Keywords: Equivalent diagonal strut, stiffness, Drift limitation
The optimum location of shear wall in high rise r.c bulidings under lateral l...eSAT Journals
Abstract Shear walls are the structural elements of the horizontal force resisting system .shear walls have high influence stiffness and strength and provided to resist gravity loads as well as lateral loads caused by seismic and wind. So many literatures are available to analyze and design of shear wall. However the optimum location and its effects in high rise r.c.buildings is not much discussed in any literatures. In this paper the main aim is to find the effective, efficient, and optimum location of shear walls in high rise irregular R.C building. In this present study the optimum location of shear wall has been investigated with the help of three different models. Model 1 is bare frame structural system and other two models are dual type structural system with central core wall and corner shear wall. An earthquake load is calculated as per IS 1893(PART-1)-2002 and applied to (G+20) storey R.C building in zone-2 and zone-5. The analysis is performed using ETABS 9.7.4 Software package. Keywords: Shear wall, Irregular building, ETABS, analysis of structure, High rise building
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effects of welding current and arc voltage on fcaw weld bead geometryeSAT Journals
Abstract Flux cored arc welding(FCAW) process is characterized with its high deposition rate and productivity. Control of the operating parameters in FCAW is essential to obtain high production rates and good quality welds. Bead on plate welds were carried out on mild steel plates to study the influence of welding current and arc voltage on weld bead geometry parameters. The weld bead coss-sections were metallographically investigated. The effects of these welding parameters were evaluated by measuring penetration depth, reinforcement height, bead width, wetting angle, electrod deposit area and plate fusion area. The bead cross-section area and the weld shape factor were calculated from the measured results. The effects of welding parameters on weld bead geometry have been presented by histograms. Key Words: Flux cored arc welding, arc welding parameters, weld bead geometry, weld shape factor
Review paper on seismic responses of multistored rcc building with mass irreg...eSAT Journals
Abstract
From past earthquakes it is proved that many of structure are totally or partially damaged due to earthquake. So, it is necessary to determine seismic responses of such buildings. There are different techniques of seismic analysis of structure. Time history analysis is one of the important techniques for structural seismic analysis generally the evaluated structural response is non-linear in nature. For such type of analysis, a representative earthquake time history is required. In this project work seismic analysis of RCC buildings with mass irregularity at different floor level are carried out. Here for analysis different time histories have been used. This paper highlights the effect of mass irregularity on different floor in RCC buildings with time history and analysis is done by using ETABS software.
Keywords: Seismic Analysis, Time History Analysis, Base Shear, Storey Shear, Story Displacement.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Study of variations in dynamic stability of tall structure corresponding to s...ijceronline
Construction of tall buildings, both residential and commercial are in insistance. In case of tall structure high lateral forces develops due to earthquake load and wind load are crucial. Thus the effects of lateral loads needs consideration for strength and stability of the structures. In tall buildings, lateral loads are critical as it increases drastically after a certain height of the structure. Shear wall systems are one of the most commonly used dynamic load resisting systems in high-rise buildings which help in achieving strength and stability along with economy. In this study, an attempt has been carried out to check the dynamic stability of a tall residential structure by applying variations symmetric arrangement of the shear wall. The Case study of a 26 storied RCC structure situated in Pune region of Maharashtra, India has been carried out. The effect of location of shear wall on dynamic behaviour of building is analysed using ETABS software using response spectrum method for earthquake analysis and IS875 (III) for wind analysis. The proposed position of shear wall gives the effective results as compare to other position.
Analysis of rc framed structures with central and partial openings in masonry...eSAT Journals
Abstract In Reinforced concrete frames the masonry infill walls are a common practice in countries like India, where the region is prone to seismic activity. In general, the masonry infill walls are treated as nonstructural element in structural analysis and only the contribution of its mass for is considered and it’s structural parameters like strength and stiffness is generally ignored in practice, such an approach may lead to an unsafe design. Infill walls resist lateral loads but because of the openings in the infill wall the resistance may slightly reduce. The IS code provisions do not provide guidelines for the analysis and design of RC frames with infill wall and for different percentage of openings. In this study, an office or residential building outer side central opening or outer side partial openings are used and analysis is carried for Bare Frame model, infill walls without opening, infill walls with outer periphery central opening and infill wall with outer periphery partial opening models. In ETABS software G+14 RC framed building models has been prepared, Equivalent Static Lateral force method, Response spectrum method has been performed for analysis as per IS 1893 : 2002 including p-delta effects. Storey displacement, Storey shear, Storey drift, with soft storey considering the effects of infill wall with central and partial openings are the parameters considered in this study. For modeling, the Equivalent diagonal strut method has been used to find out the width of Strut using FEMA 273 .The results for bare frame, infill wall, and infill wall with central and partial openings are discussed and conclusions are made. Keywords: Equivalent diagonal strut, stiffness, Drift limitation
The optimum location of shear wall in high rise r.c bulidings under lateral l...eSAT Journals
Abstract Shear walls are the structural elements of the horizontal force resisting system .shear walls have high influence stiffness and strength and provided to resist gravity loads as well as lateral loads caused by seismic and wind. So many literatures are available to analyze and design of shear wall. However the optimum location and its effects in high rise r.c.buildings is not much discussed in any literatures. In this paper the main aim is to find the effective, efficient, and optimum location of shear walls in high rise irregular R.C building. In this present study the optimum location of shear wall has been investigated with the help of three different models. Model 1 is bare frame structural system and other two models are dual type structural system with central core wall and corner shear wall. An earthquake load is calculated as per IS 1893(PART-1)-2002 and applied to (G+20) storey R.C building in zone-2 and zone-5. The analysis is performed using ETABS 9.7.4 Software package. Keywords: Shear wall, Irregular building, ETABS, analysis of structure, High rise building
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effects of welding current and arc voltage on fcaw weld bead geometryeSAT Journals
Abstract Flux cored arc welding(FCAW) process is characterized with its high deposition rate and productivity. Control of the operating parameters in FCAW is essential to obtain high production rates and good quality welds. Bead on plate welds were carried out on mild steel plates to study the influence of welding current and arc voltage on weld bead geometry parameters. The weld bead coss-sections were metallographically investigated. The effects of these welding parameters were evaluated by measuring penetration depth, reinforcement height, bead width, wetting angle, electrod deposit area and plate fusion area. The bead cross-section area and the weld shape factor were calculated from the measured results. The effects of welding parameters on weld bead geometry have been presented by histograms. Key Words: Flux cored arc welding, arc welding parameters, weld bead geometry, weld shape factor
Review paper on seismic responses of multistored rcc building with mass irreg...eSAT Journals
Abstract
From past earthquakes it is proved that many of structure are totally or partially damaged due to earthquake. So, it is necessary to determine seismic responses of such buildings. There are different techniques of seismic analysis of structure. Time history analysis is one of the important techniques for structural seismic analysis generally the evaluated structural response is non-linear in nature. For such type of analysis, a representative earthquake time history is required. In this project work seismic analysis of RCC buildings with mass irregularity at different floor level are carried out. Here for analysis different time histories have been used. This paper highlights the effect of mass irregularity on different floor in RCC buildings with time history and analysis is done by using ETABS software.
Keywords: Seismic Analysis, Time History Analysis, Base Shear, Storey Shear, Story Displacement.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
PriorAge É um segmento da linha Ciclos que chegou
Revolucionar para os tratamento existentes antissinais
No Mercado. Ativos tecnológicos aliados concentrados
aos Peptídeos Mimetizadores do Fator de Crescimento,
conhecidos por modular uma elasticidade pela regulação da
síntese de colágeno, Reestruturando profundamente a pele.
Comprovação de resultados para despertar a juventude da sua
Pelé, tanto corporal como facial.
Com a chegada do PriorAge Ciclos, Racco fará uma parte de
Um momento histórico para a Indústria Cosmética. A
primeira empresa nacional a lançar um produto com Fator de
Crescimento! Produtos com exclusiva fórmula desenvolvida
com a mais moderna tecnologia dos tratamentos cosméticos internacionais.
Seismic Response of R C Building With Different Arrangement of Steel Bracing ...IJERA Editor
In general the most suitable choices in improvement of reinforcement concrete frame against lateral loading is used steel bracing system. The use of steel bracing has potential advantage over other scheme like higher strength and stiffness, economical, occupies less space, adds much less weight to existing structure. In this study, the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with different types of bracing (Diagonal, V type, inverted V type, X type) is studied. The bracing is provided for peripheral columns. A seven-storey (G+6) building is situated at seismic zone III. The building models are analyze by equivalent static analysis as per IS 1893:2002 using Staad Pro V8i software. The main parameters consider in this paper to compare the seismic analysis of buildings are lateral displacement, storey drift, axial force, base shear. It is found that the X type of steel bracing significantly contributes to the structural stiffness and reduces the maximum interstorey drift of R.C.C building than other bracing system.
Out of Plane Behavior of Contained Masonry Infilled Frames Subjected to Seism...paperpublications3
Abstract: Brick masonry infill although considered as non-structural element largely affects the strength, stiffness and ductility of the reinforced concrete frames during the application of lateral loads due to wind or earthquake. Contained masonry refers here to the brick masonry which is used as infill in a reinforced concrete frame, wound round with 8mm diameter mild steel wires in vertical and horizontal directions and stitched to the brick masonry as well as to the reinforced concrete frames. This thesis focuses on the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete structures with contained masonry infill, with a particular interest in the development of rational procedures for the analysis and design of RC frames with contained masonry infill. The estimation of the natural frequencies of the structural system is the basic investigation in dynamic analysis of a structure. Therefore the analysis is primarily to find out the modal frequencies of the structure and to simulate the mathematical model to earthquake loads. The structure vibrates in different modes when the earthquake takes place. The methodology suggested is to carry out a detailed study on the influence of contained masonry infill including un-reinforced masonry infill in multi-storey Reinforced Concrete frames on the fundamental natural frequencies and response due to various earthquake excitation forces. Numerical Finite element analysis is carried out on two dimensional Reinforced Concrete Frames under different configurations of contained masonry infill in addition to plain masonry and bare frames. The RC frames were designed and detailed as per relevant Indian standard codes. The present work consists of study of the behaviour of five storeyed RC frames infilled with contained masonry and also infilled with plain masonry, subjected to various earthquake excitation forces. Three types of models are considered for analysis; five storey frames of 4m wide, 5m wide and 6m wide models having total height of 16m with plain masonry infill and contained masonry infill are considered.
Dynamic Response of High Rise Structures Under The Influence of Shear WallsIJERA Editor
This study presents the procedure for seismic performance estimation of high-rise buildings based on a concept of the capacity spectrum method. In 3D analytical model of thirty storied buildings have been generated for symmetric buildings Models and analyzed using structural analysis tool ETABS. The analytical model of the building includes all important components that influence the mass, strength, stiffness and deformability of the structure. To study the effect of concrete core wall & shear wall at different positions during earthquake, seismic analysis using both linear static, linear dynamic and non-linear static procedure has been performed. The deflections at each storey level has been compared by performing Equivalent static, response spectrum method as well as pushover method has also been performed to determine capacity, demand and performance level of the considered building models. From the below studies it has been observed that non-linear pushover analysis provide good estimate of global as well as local inelastic deformation demands and also reveals design weakness that may remain hidden in an elastic analysis and also the performance level of the structure. Storey drifts are found within the limit as specified by code (IS: 1893-2002) in Equivalent static, linear dynamic & non-linear static analysis.
Effect of infill walls on the seismic performance of the multistoried buildingseSAT Journals
Abstract The most commonly used structural system in our country for almost all types of building are multi-storey reinforced concrete frames with masonry infills. Therefore it is essential to understand the seismic behaviour of these structures when subjected to lateral forces. Several research works has been done on the masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames in the past decades. Mortar is used as a binder in normal brick construction in order to create continuous structural form and to bind together the individual units in brickwork. In the present study, analysis has been carried out by considering the increase in height of building from five to ten storied by using finite element software ANSYS 14.5. The seismic analysis of multi-storeyed building frames with infill walls and without infill walls are conducted. 3D analysis will give more realistic values of deflection and stresses. Since this type of study is not feasible in terms of analysis time taken, 2D model was adopted for the present study. A three bay two dimensional building frame is considered with the number of stories varying from 5 storied to 10 storied. The loading applied is as per IS 1893 (Part I): 2002. Equivalent diagonal strut method is adopted for modelling infill walls. The results showed that there is considerable decrease in deflection when infills are used in RC frames. Key Words: Deflection , Equivalent diagonal strut method, lateral load, Solid brick infills, Storey drift
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
Ke3418281832
1. Prof. Wakchaure M. R, Nagare Y U / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1828-1832
1828 | P a g e
Effect of Torsion Consideration in Analysis of Multi Storey frame
Prof. Wakchaure M. R1
, Nagare Y U 2
1, 2
(Department of Civil Engineering, Pune University, India
ABSTRACT
At present scenario many buildings are
asymmetric in plan and/or in elevation based on
the distribution of mass and stiffness along each
storey throughout the height of the building.
Most recent earthquakes have shown that the
irregular distribution of mass, stiffness and
strengths may cause serious damage in
structural systems.Torsional behavior of
asymmetric building is one of the most frequent
cause of structural damage and failure during
strong ground motions. In this work a study on
the influence of the torsion effects on the
behavior of structure is done. In building two
cases are considered, case one is without
considering torsion and case two is considering
torsion. The Indian standard code of practice IS-
1893 (Part I: 2002) guidelines and methodology
are used to analyzed and designed building.
Results are compared in terms of % Ast in
columns.
Keywords: Asymmetric plan, Earthquake,
Eccentricity, Torsion.
I. INTRODUCTION
Most recent earthquakes have shown that
the irregular distribution of mass, stiffness and
strengths maycause serious damage in structural
systems. However an accurate evaluation of the
seismic behaviorof irregular buildings is quite
difficult and a complicated problem [1].Due to the
variety of parameters andthe choice of possible
models for torsionally unbalanced systems, there is
as yet no common agreementnor any accurate
procedure advised by researchers on common
practice in order to evaluate the torsionaleffects.
Seismic damage surveys and analyses conducted
on modes of failure of building structures during
past severe earthquakes concluded that most
vulnerable building structures are those, which are
asymmetric in nature. Asymmetric building
structures are almost unavoidable in modern
construction due to various types of functional and
architectural requirements. Torsion in buildings
during earthquake shaking may be caused from a
variety of reasons, the most common of which are
non-symmetric distributions of mass and stiffness
[4,6]. Modern codes deal with torsion by placing
restrictions on the design of buildings with
irregular layouts and also through the introduction
of an accidental eccentricity that must be
considered in design. The lateral-torsional coupling
due to eccentricity between centre of mass (CM)
and centre of rigidity (CR) in asymmetric building
structure generates torsional vibration even under
purely translational ground shaking [2,3]. During
seismic shaking of the structural systems, inertia
force acts through the centre of mass while the
resistive force acts through the centre of rigidity as
shown in Fig. 1.
Fig1- Generation of torsional moment in
asymmetric structures during seismic excitation.
II. BUILDING DETAILS
Torsional behavior of asymmetric building
is one of the most frequent sources of structural
damage and failure during strong ground motions.
In this work a study on the influence of the torsion
effects on the behavior of structure is done. In
building two cases are considered,
i) with considering torsion ii) without
considering torsion.
The Indian standard code of practice IS-
1893 (Part I: 2002) guidelines and methodologyare
used to analyzed and designed building. Results
with and without torsion is compared in terms of
Ast required.Each case includes 9 beams of same
orientation from first to last floor.
The structural analysis and design of nine
storey reinforced concrete asymmetrical frame
building has been done with the help of Staad.pro
software. The building is assumed as residential
building. Linear static analysis has been done.
Regular grid plan of the structure is shown in fig 2.
The structure is assumed to be located in seismic
zone III on a site with medium soil. Building
contains different irregularity like plan irregularity
and Re-Entrant corner irregularity [3].
2. Prof. Wakchaure M. R, Nagare Y U / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1828-1832
1829 | P a g e
Fig 2- Building plan
Structural data: Table1: Structural data ,
No of storey = 9
Ground storey height = 2m
Intermediate storey height = 3m
Total no of columns = 41
Slab thickness = 140mm
Outer wall = 230mm
Inner wall = 150mm
Parapet (1m height) = 230mm
Beam size = B1= 150 x 450 mm
= B2= 230 x 300mm
= B3= 230 x 450 mm
Column size = A1 = 300 x 450 mm
= A2= 300 x 600 mm
= A3= 300 x 750 mm
Grade of concrete = M25
Grade of steel = Fe500
Density of concrete = 25kN/m3
Density of brick = 20 kN /m3
Live load = 2 kN /m2
Roof Live load = 1.5 kN /m2
Floor finish = 1.5 kN /m2
. .
III. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
The asymmetric building is analyzed by
modeling two models
Case 1: With considering torsion
Case 2: Without considering torsion.
Case 1 building is modeled in Staad.pro software.
Supports are assigned as fixed supports neglecting
soil structure interaction. Case 1 is design for 13 load
combinations. Case 2 building is same as case1, from
output data from Staad.pro the design area of steel
required is calculated by considering one beam at
ground floor up to top floor of same orientation.
Considering 4 numbers of cases of beams at critical
stage to define the torsion effect. Each case includes
9 beams of same orientation from first to last floor.
Taking Floor No. on X-axis and Area of steel (Ast) in
3. Prof. Wakchaure M. R, Nagare Y U / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1828-1832
1830 | P a g e
mm2
on Y-axis in both with considering and without
considering torsion effect.
IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table No. 1.Comparison of area of steel (Ast) in
mm2
for beam - B6
No.
Of
Floor
Beam
No.
Area of
Top
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Top
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Gr.
fl. 757 337.55 268.9 333.08 269.41
1 925 703.78 523.93 674.16 521.53
2 1093 705.83 525.06 679.59 522.85
3 1261 678.38 507.54 664.32 503.96
4 1429 651.13 476.92 635.61 467.04
5 1597 626.42 429.58 612.25 423.9
6 1765 578.82 398.35 562.86 392.38
7 1933 516.52 351.29 497.29 338.81
8 2101 458.07 278.95 437.87 267.86
9 2269 520.32 317.69 497.40 297.55
Graph 1.1 Astvs floor No.with torsion.
Graph 1.2Astvs floor No. without torsion.
Beam B6 is an exterior beam with span
3.6m. From the above graphs it can be concluded that
area of steel decreases from ground floor to top floor.
The trend of this curve declining towards end
because the torsional moment deceases from ground
floor to top floor. Top steel with torsion & without
torsion isvaries by 2% to 5%. Bottom steel with
torsion & without torsion is varies by 3% to 6%. Here
the variation of torsion moment is not significant
becausestiffness of beam is less. Stiffness is varying
according to span of beam. Displacement increases
due to seismic force increases towards top floor.
Table No. 2 Comparison of area of steel (Ast) in
mm2
for beam-B40.
No.
Of
Floo
r
Bea
m
No.
Area of
Top
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Top
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Gr.fl
. 759 415.74 320.95 412.17 323.76
1 927 640.28 509.03 636.83 513.16
2 1095 640.52 519.44 639.07 521.43
3 1263 609.86 496.27 610.67 495.96
4 1431 549.53 442.35 553.25 439.21
5 1599 493.72 385.38 493.4 379.56
6 1767 435.21 329.92 430.89 321.42
7 1935 373.1 255.23 363.9 243.76
8 2103 309.81 184.77 295.62 169.67
9 2271 253.35 148.95 241.71 140.71
Graph 2.1Astvs floor No. with torsion.
Graph 2.2Astvs floor No. without torsion.
Beam B40 is an interior beam with span
3.5m. Above graphs shows that area of steel for
decreases towards top floor. This trend shows that
torsion moment & stresses decrease towards top
floor. Top steel with torsion & without torsion is
varies by 2% to 4%. Bottom steel with torsion &
without torsion is varies by 2% to 8%. The seismic
load is varying according to floor that is increases
250
450
650
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
AreaofsteelRequired
(mm2)
Floor No.
Top steel
(With
torsion)
Bottom
steel with
torsion
250
450
650
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
AreaofsteelRequired
(mm2)
Floor No.
Top steel
(Without
torsion)
Bottom
steel
without
torsion
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
Areaofsteel
Required(mm2)
Floor No.
top steel
with
torsion
Bottom
steel
with
torsion
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
Areaofsteel
Required(mm2)
Floor No.
top steel
without
torsion
Bottom
steel
without
torsion
4. Prof. Wakchaure M. R, Nagare Y U / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1828-1832
1831 | P a g e
towards top floor. Displacement increases due to
seismic force increases towards top floor.
Table No. 3.Comparison of area of steel (Ast) in
mm2
for beam B7.
Graph 3.1: Astvs floor No. for top & bottom steel
with & without torsion
Beam B-7 is an interior beam with span
1.2m. Here the span of beam is less. Due to this
stiffness is more. Hence more moment will be
attracted. Above graph shows that top steel with
torsion & without torsion is varies by 15% to 25 %.
Bottom steel with torsion & without torsion is varies
by 2% to 20%. Here torsion moment is more
significant. The load from secondary beam comes on
it. The effect of seismic force is observed at end of
beam but there is no effect on mid span moment &
hence on mid span steel.
Table No.4 Comparison of area of steel
(Ast) in mm2
for beam B60.
No.
Of
Floor
Beam
No.
Area of
Top
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Top
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Gr.fl 795 355.72 163.83 306.52 163.83
1 963 493.67 196.23 429.98 163.83
2 1131 548.31 197.89 488.97 163.83
3 1299 545.77 190.08 494.29 163.83
4 1437 904.61 226.99 764.92 163.83
5 1635 538.99 164.22 466.9 163.83
6 1803 502.6 164.22 425.14 163.83
7 1971 444.41 164.22 373.61 163.83
8 2139 407.04 164.22 324.91 163.83
9 2298 236.97 105.57 234.61 105.57
Graph 4.1: Astvs floor No. for top & bottom steel
with & without torsion
Beam B-60 is an interior beam with span 1.7m. It can
be concluded from above graph that top steel with
torsion & without torsion is varies by 10% to 20 %.
Bottom steel with torsion & without torsion is varies
by 15% to 30%. Here torsion moment is more
significant. The load from secondary beam comes on
it. The effect of seismic force is observed at end of
beam. There is no effect on mid span moment &
hence on midspan steel.
V. CONCLUSION
Thus, it can be said that the torsion effect
must be taken into account in design practice for
asymmetrichigh-rise structures to understand the
actual safety margins.
After analyzing the building following concluding
points are drawn,
i) In the asymmetric building case 2, that is
without considering torsion, it was observed
that the area of steel in the beams at critical
stage are much smaller than those obtained
in the case 1, that is with considering
torsion. The bottom bars should be more
critical, because they seem to be subjected
to more tension than the top bars therefore
torsional behavior of asymmetric building is
one of the most frequent source of structural
damage and failure during strong ground
motions.
ii) The variation of Ast is much higher for
small span beams.
Most of the designer adopts approximate methods for
the torsional analysis of building. However this may
be an inaccurate assessment. Several studies of
structural damage during the past earthquake reveal
0
200
400
600
800
1000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
AreaofSteelRequired
(mm2)
Floor No.
Top steel
(With
torsion)
Top steel
(Without
torsion)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
AstRequired
(mm2)
Floor No.
Top steel
(With
torsion)
Top steel
(Without
torsion)
No.
Of
Floor
Beam
No.
Area of
Top
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
with
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Top
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Area of
Bottom
steel
without
Torsion
mm2
Gr.fl 755 553.37 164.22 477.75 163.83
1 923 772.96 203.36 635.85 163.83
2 1091 798.9 205.01 658.34 163.83
3 1259 789.96 190.64 649.4 163.83
4 1427 763 170.2 622.41 163.83
5 1595 736.8 164.22 594.25 163.83
6 1763 698.3 164.22 549.07 163.83
7 1931 614.16 164.22 492.15 163.83
8 2099 538.36 164.22 409.02 163.83
9 2267 320.06 159.82 315.36 156.60
5. Prof. Wakchaure M. R, Nagare Y U / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1828-1832
1832 | P a g e
that torsion is the most critical factor leading to major
damage or complete collapse of building. It is,
therefore, necessary that irregular buildings should be
analyzed for torsion.
REFERENCES
[1] Dr. Naresh Kumar B.G. and Gornale
Avinash. Seismic Performance Evaluation
of Torsionally Asymmetric Buildings.
International Journal of Science and
Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 6,
June 2012.
[2] Edoardocosenza, Gaetano manfredi and
Roberto realfonzo. Earthquake damages at
the perimeter of buildings are often the
result of excessive deformations caused by
torsion during the earthquake.
[3] MaskeSachin G., Dr. Pajgade P. S.
Torsional Behavior of Asymmetrical
Buildings. International Journal of Modern
Engineering Research (IJMER) Vol.3,
March-April. 2013.
[4] Stathopoulos K.G. and Anagnostopoulos S.
A. Earthquake Induced Inelastic Torsion in
Asymmetric Multistory Buildings. 13th
World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada
August 1-6, 2004.
[5] Francisco crisafulli, AgustínReboredo and
Gonzalo Torrisi. Consideration of Torsion
Effects in the Displacement Control of
ductile Building. 13th World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada August 1-6, 2004.
[6] V.I. Fernandez-Davila and E.F. Cruz.
Estimating inelastic Bi-directional Seismic
Response of Multi- Storey asymmetric
Buildings Using a Set of Combination
Rules. The 14th World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering October 12-17,
2008, Beijing, China.
[7] Wensheng LU and Xilin LU. Seismic model
Test And Analysis Of Multi-Tower High
Rise Buildings.
[8] Amarnath Roy Chowdhury and Siddhartha
Ghosh. Inclusion of P-Delta Effect in the
Estimation of Hysteratic Energy Demand
Based on Modal Pushover Analysis.
[9] KohjuIkago. Dynamic Instability in the High
Rise Steel structures Subjected to Strong
Ground motions. GraduateSchool of
Engineering, TohokuUniversity, Sendai,
Japan.
[10] S. M. Wilkinsoni and R. A. Hileyii. Collapse
Behavior Of High Rise Buildings. 13th
World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada
August 1-6, 2004.
[11] Mario de Stefano, RaffaeleNudo,
StefaniaViti. Evaluation of Second Order
Effect On The Seismic Performance Of RC
Frame Structure. 13th World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada August 1-6, 2004.