The Kargil War took place from May to July 1999 between India and Pakistan in the Kargil district of Kashmir. Pakistani soldiers and Kashmiri militants had infiltrated positions on the Indian side of the Line of Control, sparking the conflict. Though Pakistan made early gains by taking Indian troops by surprise at high altitudes, India was eventually able to push them back with air support and artillery fire. International pressure led Pakistan to withdraw its forces in defeat, though one strategic peak remained under Pakistani control. The war weakened Pakistan's economy and government and increased tensions with militants.