The collective effort to know India among its neighbors.

1. Relationship Of India With Its
Neighbours.
Prof. Hardeepsinh R. Gohil
Gujarat College,
Ahmedabad.

2. The Geographical Situation.
‘Kuch Baat Hain Ki Hasti Mitati Nahi Hamari’

3. The Earliest Route of Business on The
Globe.

4. The Geographical Situation.

5. The Geographical Position.

6. The Heaven On Earth With Rich
Minerals.

7. The Areas Of Conflict.

8. The Geographical Vantage Point.

9. The Borders According To China.

10. The Route Of Energy.

11. The Issues of Conflict With China.
• The eternal race to become the Superpower.
• The close competitor in the race of economies. Ex. Chinese
products vs. Indian Products – Their longer impacts on the
societies.
• Most populated needs the land to accommodate the
population.
• Geographical advantage of water + other minerals.
Drinking Water. Ex. Water on Moon and Marsh.
For Agriculture.
For Industries.
• Power generation – Electronic generators. Ex. Having
mobile but not a charged battery.

12. The Word Pakistan.
• During the 1930s when the political
environment of India was heavy with
• A] Boycotts of Simon Commission
B] Demands of Purna Swaraj
C] Salt March Civil Disobedience Campaign
• A well-off group of Muslims at Cambridge
adopted a wishful acronym for a greater
Muslim homeland consisting of

13. The Acronym PAKISTAN
• P(unjab)
• A(fghania,i.e. the North-West Frontier)
• K(ashmir)
• I(ran)
• S(ind)
• T(urkharistan)
• A(fghanistan)
• (Baluchista)N

14. The Indo-Pak Relationship.
• Both the countries share the same historical,
geographical, political and economical past as
well as present links.
• The relationship has been strained by number of
political and historical issues.
• And defined by the Partisan by British rule, the
Kashmir dispute and numbers of military
conflicts.
• India – a secular nation – with Hindu majority
• Pakistan- an Islamic republic –with Muslim
majority.

15. The Disputed Issues During 1947
• The dispute of Junagadh.
• The dispute of Hyderabad.
• The dispute of Kashmir.

16. The War of 1965.

17. The Contentious Issues of 65.
• The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of skirmishes that took place
between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India.
• The war began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to
infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against rule
by India.
• The five-week war caused thousands of casualties on both sides.
• It ended in a United Nations (UN) mandated ceasefire and the subsequent
issuance of theTashkent Declaration.[1]

18. The Contentious Issues of 1971.
• Indo-Pakistani Wars and Bangladesh Liberation War.
• The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military conflict between India and Pakistan.
• Indian, Bangladeshi and international sources consider the beginning of the war to be Operation
Chengiz Khan.
• Pakistan's 3 December 1971 preemptive strike on 11 Indian airbases, which led to India's entry into
the Bangladesh Liberation War.
• Lasting just 13 days it is considered one of the shortest wars in history.
• The war effectively came to an end after the Eastern Command of the Pakistani Armed
Forces signed the Instrument of Surrender, on 16 December 1971 in Dhaka, marking the liberation
of the new nation of Bangladesh.
• Between 90,000 and 93,000 members of the Pakistan Armed Forces including paramilitary
personnel were taken as Prisoners of War by the Indian Army It is estimated that between
2,000,000 and 3,000,000 civilians were killed in Bangladesh, and up to four hundred
thousandwomen raped by the Pakistani armed forces, especially Bengali Hindus.

20. The War of Kargil.
• The Kargil War also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed
conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil
district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC).
• The conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay (Victory in Hindi) which was the name of
the Indian operation to clear the Kargil sector.
• The cause of the war was the infiltration of Pakistani soldiers and Kashmiri militants into
positions on the Indian side of the LOC, which serves as the de facto border between the two
states.
• During the initial stages of the war, Pakistan blamed the fighting entirely on independent
Kashmiri insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later statements by
Pakistan's Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff showed involvement of Pakistani
paramilitary forces, led by General Ashraf Rashid.
• The Indian Army, later on supported by the Indian Air Force, recaptured a majority of the
positions on the Indian side of the LOC infiltrated by the Pakistani troops and militants.
• With international diplomatic opposition, the Pakistani forces withdrew from the remaining
Indian positions along the LOC.

21. The Area of Conflict.

22. The Strategic Location.

23. The Srilankan System.

24. The Age Old Relations.
• NASA’s declaration of Adam’s Bridge or
Setubandha.
• The attacks and killing of our politicians.
• The injustices towards Hindu Tamils.
• The recent interventions of British Prime Minister
but not of our Indian Prime Minister!!
• Intervention of UN Human Rights division.
• The future problem of population and its
accomodation.

25. The Further Proceedings.
• Water Disputes.
• Bengal refugee crisis.
• Afghanistan.
• 2007 Samjhauta Express bombings.
• 2008 Mumbai attacks.
• Justice for Srilankan Tamils.

26. The Benefits of the Good Relations.
• Less Expenditure on weapons.
• Less casualties.
• More Economic Exchanges.
• The Optimum use of geographical assets.
• Bridging the broken hearts.

27. Thank You.
Jay Hind.