K562 cell line
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K562 cells were established the first human immortalized myelogenous leukemia line. This cell line is derived from a 53-year-old female chronic myelogenous leukemia patient in blast crisis. They can be used as a highly sensitive target for the in vitro natural killer assay. Recently, studies have shown the K562 blasts are multipotential, hematopoietic malignant cells that spontaneously differentiate into recognizable progenitors of the granulocyte, erythrocyte and monocytic series.
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Présentation de Radovan Komel réalisée durant le cours du réseau international des instituts Pasteur de "Médecine Génomique: du diagnostic à la thérapie " (17-21 octobre 2016)
Host tumor.pptx
This document discusses tumor-host interactions and the systemic effects of neoplasms. It covers topics such as invasion and metastasis, the molecular mechanisms of invasion through the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis in cancer, evidence of anti-tumor immunity including immune surveillance and immune escape, systemic symptoms of cancer including cachexia, and paraneoplastic syndromes. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate key concepts and mechanisms.
Various cell line & utilities in detection of
Cell lines are established cell cultures that can proliferate indefinitely in vitro. They are used in basic research and early drug development studies. Cell lines are categorized as finite or continuous based on their lifespan. Finite cell lines have limited proliferation while continuous cell lines can proliferate indefinitely. Characterization of cell lines is important to determine their species of origin, tissue of origin, and genetic stability. Common cell lines used in research include human cell lines like HeLa, mouse cell lines like 3T3 fibroblasts, and rat cell lines. Cell lines are useful for investigating disease pathways and developing therapies.
Seminario
GINS2 is a nucleic acid replication factor that initiates DNA replication. It is associated with genomic DNA damage and tumor formation. The study aimed to investigate GINS2's functions in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as it is highly expressed in many malignant solid tumors including EOC. The expression of GINS2 was determined in SKOV-3 and OVCAR3 cells using qPCR and western blot. Immunohistochemistry was also performed on 36 EOC samples and 12 normal ovarian tissues which showed higher GINS2 expression in EOC tissues.
Cell cycle and molecular basis of cancer.
The cell cycle and molecular basis of cancer can be summarized as follows:
The cell cycle is tightly regulated by cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and their inhibitors to ensure proper cell division and growth. Defects in cell cycle regulation can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer. Cancer develops through the accumulation of genetic mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which disrupt the normal cell cycle checkpoints and allow cells to proliferate uncontrollably. Key cellular capabilities acquired during cancer progression include self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to anti-growth signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis.
Dysplastic lipoma
Dysplastic lipoma
Terminology that acknowledges the cytomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic abnormalities
Positions the tumor midway in the spectrum between conventional lipoma and MDM2 gene amplified atypical lipomatous tumors
1-5-2016_blood-2014-03-559591.full
Lenalidomide inhibits the proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells through a mechanism dependent on cereblon and p21, but independent of p53. Treatment with lenalidomide upregulates the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in CLL cells, leading to inhibition of proliferation. Silencing of either cereblon or p21 impairs the ability of lenalidomide to inhibit CLL cell proliferation. Lenalidomide also induces p21 expression in CLL cells isolated from patients, indicating it can directly inhibit CLL cell proliferation through cereblon and p21 in vivo.
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CD34+ cells were isolated from the PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cell line. These CD34+ cells appeared to function as liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) based on their ability to form human liver carcinomas (HLCs) in immunodeficient mice with as few as 100 cells injected. When various subpopulations of these CD34+ PLC cells were injected into mice, they generated three types of HLCs - hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), cholangiocarcinomas (CCs), and combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinomas (CHCs). The expression of different cell surface antigens like OV6 and CD31 on CD
Galvan et al. - COL11A1 BMC Cancer 2014
- The study examines the expression of COL11A1/procollagen 11A1 in human mesenchymal cells, colon adenocarcinoma cells, and cancer-associated stromal cells.
- Immunostaining showed procollagen 11A1 expression in human bone marrow mesenchymal cells and colon cancer stromal cells, but not in normal colon cells.
- In colon cancers, high procollagen 11A1 expression in stromal cells was associated with nodal involvement, distant metastases, and advanced disease stage.
Microsoft power point presentation of master research at uwe, bristol
1. The document investigates using HepG2 liver spheroids and the chemo protective agents MESNA and carvacrol to protect mesenchymal stem cells from the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide.
2. Flow cytometry and light microscopy were used to characterize the mesenchymal stem cells and establish co-cultures with the liver spheroids.
3. Results showed that untreated mesenchymal stem cells proliferated well but those exposed to cyclophosphamide in the presence of liver spheroids were damaged. The addition of MESNA and carvacrol protected the mesenchymal stem cells from the effects of cyclophosphamide.
Cell cycle- Dr Deenadayalan,Medical Oncologst,Maurai
This document provides information about the cell cycle and its regulation. It discusses the key phases of the cell cycle - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It describes the cell cycle regulators including cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases, and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. It also discusses cell cycle checkpoints and alterations in cell cycle control proteins that can lead to cancer. Finally, it briefly mentions cell cycle phase specific and non-specific agents used in cancer treatment.
Transplantation journal
International Journal of Stem Cell Research and Transplantation (IJST) is an international, Open Access, peer-reviewed journal, which mainly focuses, on the advancements made in the field of cell biology, specifically in the field of Stem Cells.
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Microsoft power point presentation of master research at uwe, bristol
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Cell cycle- Dr Deenadayalan,Medical Oncologst,Maurai
Cell cycle- Dr Deenadayalan,Medical Oncologst,Maurai
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
What are the different types of Dental implants.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
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SENSORY NEEDS B.SC. NURSING SEMESTER II.
Sensation is the neurological process by which we become aware of surrounding environment.
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LOW BIRTH WEIGHT. PRETERM BABIES OR SMALL FOR DATES BABIES
low birth weight presentation. Low birth weight (LBW) infant is defined as the one whose birth weight is less than 2500g irrespective of their gestational age. Premature birth and low birth weight(LBW) is still a serious problem in newborn. Causing high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The nursing care provide to low birth weight babies is crucial in promoting their overall health and development. Through careful assessment, diagnosis,, planning, and evaluation plays a vital role in ensuring these vulnerable infants receive the specialize care they need. In India every third of the infant weight less than 2500g.
Birth period, socioeconomical status, nutritional and intrauterine environment are the factors influencing low birth weight
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
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In this document , the management of acute gout attacks and a description of urate lowering therapy is mentioned.
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K562 cell line
- 1. K562 Cell Line General Information Organism Homo sapiens, human Cell Line Description K562 cells were established the first human immortalized myelogenous leukemia line. This cell line is derived from a 53-year- old female chronic myelogenous leukemia patient in blast crisis. They can be used as a highly sensitive target for the in vitro natural killer assay. Recently, studies have shown the K562 blasts are multipotential, hematopoietic malignant cells that spontaneously differentiate into recognizable progenitors of the granulocyte, erythrocyte and monocytic series. Tissue Bone marrow Morphology Lymphoblast Disease Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) Age 53 years Primary No Gender Female Product Format Frozen
- 2. Growth Mode Suspension Biosafety Level 1 Biosafety classification is based on U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that their facilities comply with biosafety regulations for their own country. Applications Cell culture/growth conditions, stable cell transfection, transient transfection, gene expression, protein expression, protein purification Shipped in Dry ice Storage Temperature −196°C Characteristics Karyotype 2n = 46 Images
- 3. Antigen Expression CD7 (25%) Cytogenic Data The stemline chromosome number is triploid. Mycoplasma Contamination was eliminated with Ciprobay (ciprofloxacin), then negative in DAPI, microbiological culture, PCR assays Immunology CD3 -, CD14 -, CD15 +, CD19 -, CD33 +, CD71 +, CD235a + Viruses ELISA: reverse transcriptase negative; PCR: HBV -, HCV -, EBV -, HHV-8 -, HIV-1 -, HIV-2 -, HTLV-I/II -, MLV -, SMRV - Tumorigenic Yes Effects Yes, in nude mice Tumors developed within 21 days at 100% frequency (5/5) in nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with 107 cells. Culture Conditions and Handling Culture Medium RPMI 1640 + 2 mM Glutamine + 10% Foetal Bovine Serum (FBS). Morphology Round large, single cells in suspension Subculturing Cultures can be maintained by the addition or replacement of fresh medium. Seed out at ca. 0.5 x 106 cells/ml, and maintain at 0.1-1.0 x 106 cells/ml. Viability may be low after thawing, but cells recover
- 4. during the following 2-3 days. Starting the culture with 20% FBS in 12- or 24-well-plates could be of advantage. Split Ratio Split 1:3 to 1:5 Harvest Maximal density at 1.0-1.5 x 106 cells/ml Medium Renewal Add fresh medium every 2 to 3 days Freeze Medium Complete culture medium supplemented with 5% (v/v) DMSO Culture Temperature 37°C Incubation Condition Carbon dioxide (CO2), 5%