This document provides guidance on preparing a research article for publication in SCOPUS-indexed journals. It discusses selecting the right journal, following submission guidelines, common reasons for rejection, and tips for structuring the manuscript. The document emphasizes properly structuring the introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections according to IMRAD format. It also addresses ethics, referencing, and ensuring the manuscript addresses a significant problem and contributes new knowledge to the field.
'Understanding and benefiting from the publishing process'
Publishing Connect workshop Lancaster delivered by Anthony Newman, Senior Publisher, Elsevier.
Types of scientific publications
The different types of research papers published
Considerations before writing
Choosing the right journal
Writing using correct language
The structure of the manuscript
The submission and review procedure
Author responsibilities: publishing ethics and plagiarism
How to use information resources as a tool for authors (Scopus)
Slides shared with the permission of the speaker.
ICES ASC 2016, Riga
Skills workshop on getting your scientific work published.
Jacob Carstensen, Professor, Institut for Bioscience - Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark
ICES ASC 2016, Riga
Jacob Carstensen, Professor, Institut for Bioscience - Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University
Skills workshop on scientific writing and how to get your work published.
This is based on a presentation given before the Gwalior Association of Management Teachers and Researchers . This is based on experience as a researcher, reviewer and a reader .
'Understanding and benefiting from the publishing process'
Publishing Connect workshop Lancaster delivered by Anthony Newman, Senior Publisher, Elsevier.
Types of scientific publications
The different types of research papers published
Considerations before writing
Choosing the right journal
Writing using correct language
The structure of the manuscript
The submission and review procedure
Author responsibilities: publishing ethics and plagiarism
How to use information resources as a tool for authors (Scopus)
Slides shared with the permission of the speaker.
ICES ASC 2016, Riga
Skills workshop on getting your scientific work published.
Jacob Carstensen, Professor, Institut for Bioscience - Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark
ICES ASC 2016, Riga
Jacob Carstensen, Professor, Institut for Bioscience - Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University
Skills workshop on scientific writing and how to get your work published.
This is based on a presentation given before the Gwalior Association of Management Teachers and Researchers . This is based on experience as a researcher, reviewer and a reader .
How to write an original article an overview for beginners – pubricaPubrica
The literature search is the first step before writing and before beginning any original research manuscript writing activity. Prior evidence should be gathered, studied, and reflected upon as the beginning point and firm foundation for any publishing.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3stzSkk
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/physician-writing-services/orginal-research-article/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
A literature review is a survey of academic sources on a particular project topic. It gives an overview of the ebb and flows information, permitting you to distinguish significant hypotheses, strategies, and holes in the current research.
A literature review is to show your reader that you have read, and have a good grasp of, the main published work concerning a particular topic or question in your field.
These slides are related to our last event at the Sapienza University of Rome for the graduate students. Please follow our website: https://www.facebook.com/psa.sapienza
Lecture by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales Student Research Conference, Cardiff, on Friday 13th May 2011. Simon Haslett is Professor of Physical Geography and Dean of the School of STEM at the University of Wales.
Presentation by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales, Newport, on 29th June 2011. Presented in association with the Leadership Foundation.
Writing Great Research Papers is Possible Asem Khmaj
The aim of this Presentation is to identify and examine the components essential to planning and executing research writing papers and assignments.
At the end of this presentation, YOU will be able to :
1. Identify and conceptualize the essential steps in the research paper writing process;
2. Access valuable campus resources to help at various stages of the writing process;
3. Use time management strategies to plan for the successful and timely completion of a research paper.
Unit 4 LectureDeveloping a ProposalUnit 4 focuses on developi.docxmarilucorr
Unit 4: Lecture
Developing a Proposal
Unit 4 focuses on developing your topic for your final report and conducting some preliminary research for your final project. Your reading for this unit (Chs. 15, 17 and Appendix C ) cover how to research and write proposals, as well as how to cite your work in a business report. Make sure to review these chapters carefully as you prepare your discussion and assignment for this unit.
What are Proposals?
A proposal is a persuasive genre in which a writer convinces an audience to accept or approve some course of action. As your book says, “proposals argue for work that needs to be done” (552).
In business contexts, a proposal might outline a new policy and request implementation or request money to fund a special project. For our purposes, your proposal will focus on seeking approval for your topic for your final business report.
According to Ch. 17, good business proposals answer the following questions:
· What problem are you going to solve or what opportunity do you hope to fill?
· Why does the problem need to be solved now or the opportunity explored immediately?
· How are you going to solve it?
· Can you do the work?
· Why should you be the one to do it?
· When will you complete the work?
· How much will you charge?
· What exactly will you provide for us?
For our purpose in this class, we are not going to worry about the questions about timelines, qualifications, or fees, as our timeline is already set, everyone has to do the report, and you will be writing your report for experience and learning, rather than money. However, be mindful that in a real world situation, all of these questions may be important to address.
Defining a Problem to Explore in your Proposal and Report:
According to Ch. 15, a good problem to explore for a business report should use the following guidelines:
· The problem is real, significant enough to be worth solving, and narrow but challenging
· The audience is also real and has the power to make decisions based on your report
· The evidence (e.g. data, facts, sources) is sufficient to show the importance of the problem and to prove that your recommendations will solve the problem.
When writing your proposal, use the advice in Chapter 15 about writing a purpose statement and review the example on pg. 492.
How to Conduct Research:
There is a wide range of research available to you that could be used to develop your report.
For example, you may find any or all of these types useful in a business report:
· Newspaper articles (For example, The Washington Post)
· Articles in popular magazines or non-fiction books (for example, Newsweek)
· Articles in industry-specific publications (for example, HR Magazine)
· Websites and publications of professional organizations (for example, The National Association of Business Management Professionals)
· Journal articles and books written by academics (for example, Business Communication Quarterly)
· Surveys or interviews you have cond ...
Presentation by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales, Newport, Centre for Excellence in Learning and Teaching (CELT) Writing Retreat Workshop at Gregynog Hall, Wales, on Wedmesday 11th May 2011. Simon Haslett is Professor of Physical Geography and Dean of the School of STEM at the University of Wales. He is also Visiting Professor of Pedagogic Research at the University of Wales, Newport.
How to write an original article an overview for beginners – pubricaPubrica
The literature search is the first step before writing and before beginning any original research manuscript writing activity. Prior evidence should be gathered, studied, and reflected upon as the beginning point and firm foundation for any publishing.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3stzSkk
For our services: https://pubrica.com/services/physician-writing-services/orginal-research-article/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Bio statistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
A literature review is a survey of academic sources on a particular project topic. It gives an overview of the ebb and flows information, permitting you to distinguish significant hypotheses, strategies, and holes in the current research.
A literature review is to show your reader that you have read, and have a good grasp of, the main published work concerning a particular topic or question in your field.
These slides are related to our last event at the Sapienza University of Rome for the graduate students. Please follow our website: https://www.facebook.com/psa.sapienza
Lecture by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales Student Research Conference, Cardiff, on Friday 13th May 2011. Simon Haslett is Professor of Physical Geography and Dean of the School of STEM at the University of Wales.
Presentation by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales, Newport, on 29th June 2011. Presented in association with the Leadership Foundation.
Writing Great Research Papers is Possible Asem Khmaj
The aim of this Presentation is to identify and examine the components essential to planning and executing research writing papers and assignments.
At the end of this presentation, YOU will be able to :
1. Identify and conceptualize the essential steps in the research paper writing process;
2. Access valuable campus resources to help at various stages of the writing process;
3. Use time management strategies to plan for the successful and timely completion of a research paper.
Unit 4 LectureDeveloping a ProposalUnit 4 focuses on developi.docxmarilucorr
Unit 4: Lecture
Developing a Proposal
Unit 4 focuses on developing your topic for your final report and conducting some preliminary research for your final project. Your reading for this unit (Chs. 15, 17 and Appendix C ) cover how to research and write proposals, as well as how to cite your work in a business report. Make sure to review these chapters carefully as you prepare your discussion and assignment for this unit.
What are Proposals?
A proposal is a persuasive genre in which a writer convinces an audience to accept or approve some course of action. As your book says, “proposals argue for work that needs to be done” (552).
In business contexts, a proposal might outline a new policy and request implementation or request money to fund a special project. For our purposes, your proposal will focus on seeking approval for your topic for your final business report.
According to Ch. 17, good business proposals answer the following questions:
· What problem are you going to solve or what opportunity do you hope to fill?
· Why does the problem need to be solved now or the opportunity explored immediately?
· How are you going to solve it?
· Can you do the work?
· Why should you be the one to do it?
· When will you complete the work?
· How much will you charge?
· What exactly will you provide for us?
For our purpose in this class, we are not going to worry about the questions about timelines, qualifications, or fees, as our timeline is already set, everyone has to do the report, and you will be writing your report for experience and learning, rather than money. However, be mindful that in a real world situation, all of these questions may be important to address.
Defining a Problem to Explore in your Proposal and Report:
According to Ch. 15, a good problem to explore for a business report should use the following guidelines:
· The problem is real, significant enough to be worth solving, and narrow but challenging
· The audience is also real and has the power to make decisions based on your report
· The evidence (e.g. data, facts, sources) is sufficient to show the importance of the problem and to prove that your recommendations will solve the problem.
When writing your proposal, use the advice in Chapter 15 about writing a purpose statement and review the example on pg. 492.
How to Conduct Research:
There is a wide range of research available to you that could be used to develop your report.
For example, you may find any or all of these types useful in a business report:
· Newspaper articles (For example, The Washington Post)
· Articles in popular magazines or non-fiction books (for example, Newsweek)
· Articles in industry-specific publications (for example, HR Magazine)
· Websites and publications of professional organizations (for example, The National Association of Business Management Professionals)
· Journal articles and books written by academics (for example, Business Communication Quarterly)
· Surveys or interviews you have cond ...
Presentation by Professor Simon Haslett at the University of Wales, Newport, Centre for Excellence in Learning and Teaching (CELT) Writing Retreat Workshop at Gregynog Hall, Wales, on Wedmesday 11th May 2011. Simon Haslett is Professor of Physical Geography and Dean of the School of STEM at the University of Wales. He is also Visiting Professor of Pedagogic Research at the University of Wales, Newport.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. Preparing Research Article for SCOPUS-
Indexed Publications
JUNIEL G. LUCIDOS
Director for Extension,Romblon State University
2. Why do we want to publish?
Finding the right journals/conferences
Why SCOPUS?
Facts and Tips in preparing your manuscript
3. Preparing and submitting of a manuscript to a journal for
publication is both exciting and challenging experience for
researchers.
It is more exciting and rewarding if you receive an acceptance
letter from the journal Editor.
News of rejection is usually very depressing but everyone’s
papers rejected once or even more (Be Ready for Rejection!).
7. REJECTION
There is insufficient new, interesting and
significant information in the paper
Weak references/related literatures
Objectives are not clear
Local issues with insufficient interest for an
international audience
The manuscript is poorly structured
8. If your research is not
published in a
journal it does not
exist.
Prof Gustaf Olsson
Editor‐in‐Chief
Water Science & Technology
9. Contribution to the body of knowledge?
Address specific research problem/gaps?
Professional growth and
development/Invited as Reviewer?
International recognition and linkages?
Enhanced teaching quality?
Attainment of university targets and
rankings?
Rewards and incentives?
Promotions (NBC 461)?
10. SCOPUS
SCOPUS is the largest abstract and citation database of peer
reviewed literatures, scientific journals, books, and conferences.
Its vast database contains abstracts and references from more than
21,000 titles, obtained from over 5,000 publishers (Elsevier)
worldwide (2013).
Its broad interdisciplinary coverage in the fields of science,
technology, medicine, social sciences and the arts and humanities
Search for relevant topics or articles during the literature review
phase
11. SCOPUS
Decide where, and with whom, to publish- analyze the top
journals and authors in your discipline.
Discover who is citing you, see their h-index and output
information
Explore how many citations and article or author has received,
and identify potential collaborators.
Manage your research output and monitor your reputation
(received citation alerts, use the SCOPUS Author Profile Page
to view and analyze your output including your h-index)
23. PUBLISHABLE.
Ask your self??
Have I done something new and interesting?
Is there anything challenging in my work?
Is my work related directly to a current hot topic?
Have I provided solutions to some difficult problems?
YES
Start preparing your
manuscript
NO
Submit to local journals
or with lower impact
factor
24. PUBLISHABLE.
Reviewers are using questionnaires in which they must respond to questions
such as:
Does the paper contain sufficient new material?
Is the topic within the scope of the journal?
Is it presented concisely and well organized?
Are the methods and experiments presented in the way that they can be replicated
again?
Are the results presented adequately?
Is the discussion relevant, concise and well documented?
Are the conclusions supported by the data presented?
Is the language acceptable?
Are figures and tables adequate and well designed? Are they to many?
Are all references cited in the text included in the reference list?
25. FULL ARTICLES/ORIGINAL
ARTICLES
LETTERS/RAPID
COMMUNICATIONS/SHORT
COMMUNICATIONS
REVIEW PAPERS OR
PERSPECTIVES
Most important paper
Original research
Completed research
Quick and early
communication of
significant and
original advances
Much shorter than full
articles
Summarize recent
developments on a
specific hot topic
(highlighting
important points that
have previously been
reported& introduce
no new information)
Normally they are
submitted on
invitation by the editor
26. Is it sufficient for a full article, or are your results so thrilling that they
should be shown as soon as possible?
Ask your supervisor or a colleague for advice on the manuscript type
to be submitted (Remember also that sometimes outsiders- i.e.,
colleagues not involved in your research- can see things more clearly
than you.
Whatever type of article you write, plan to submit only one
manuscript, not a series of manuscripts. (Normally editors hate this
practice, since they have limited space in the journals and series of
manuscripts consume too many pages for a single topic or an
author/group of authors)
Self-evaluate your work:
27. Do not gamble by scattering your manuscript to many journals at the
same time. Only submit once and wait for the response of the editor
and the reviewers.
The most common way of selecting the right journal is to look at the
articles you have consulted to prepare your manuscript. Probably
most of them are concentrated in one or two journals.
Read recent publications in each candidate journal and find out the
hot topics and the types of articles accepted.
Consider the high rejection rates of the journal (e.g. Nature, Science,
The Lancet, and Cell). If your research is not very challenging, focus
in more humble
28. Researchers can be lured by the promise of being
published in distinguished journals or being offered to
speak in international conference. Sadly, sometimes they
end up being duped and paying high rates.
“Publish or Perish” has been the phrase many have
adhered to. But before submitting your intellectual works,
take a step back and consider the following tips to avoid
being a VICTIM.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33. A journal is Indexed when its bibliographic and citation
information is included by the citation data supplier.
For “Research University” the citation data supplier is
Scopus & Web of Science
What is an Indexed-Journal???
34. A journal’s “impact factor” is an annual measure of
the extent to which articles in that journal are cited.
It’s a rating that’s calculated by the Institute for
Scientific Information and published in an annual
volume of the Science Citation Index or on their
website.
It can be used - with caution - as a rough measure of
the reputation of a journal.
What is Impact Factor???
36. Check the webpage of the selected journal and download
the Guide for Authors. Read the guidelines again and
again!
It generally include detailed editorial guidelines,
submission procedures, fees for publishing open access,
and copyright and ethical guidelines.
You must know that all editors hate wasting time on poorly
prepared manuscripts.
37.
38.
39. SECTION FOR INDEXING MAIN TEXT ADDITIONAL SECTIONS
Title
Authors
Affiliations
Abstracts
Keywords
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussions
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Supplementary
Materials/Annexes
40. The structure of full articles follows the IMRAD format, introduces as a
standard by the American National Standards Institute:
INTRODUCTION
What did you/others do? Why did you
do it?
METHODS How did you do it?
RESULTS What did you find?
DISCUSSIONS What does it all mean?
41. One of the worst things in science is plagiarism.
Plagiarism and stealing work from colleagues can lead to serious
consequences, both professionally and legally.
Violations include data fabrication and falsification, improper use
of human subjects and animals in research, and using another
author’s ideas or wording without proper attribution (It’s also
possible to commit ethics violations without intending to).
Educational resources include the Publishing Ethics Resources Kits
(PERK) from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and
Elsevier’s Ethics in Publication & Research Website
42.
43.
44. The topic to be studied should be the first issue to be solved. Define
your hypothesis and objectives (These will go in the Introduction.)
Review the literature related to the topic and select some papers
(about 30) that can be cited in your paper (These will be listed in the
References.)
Finally, keep in mind that each publisher has its own style guidelines
and preferences, so always consult the publisher's Guide for Authors.
But before you set out to write a paper, there are two important things you
should do that will set the groundwork for the entire process.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49. If you are using photographs, each must have a scale marker,or
scale bar, of professional quality in one corner.
50.
51. How the problem was
studied?
Include detailed information
so a knowledgeable reader
can reproduce the
experiment.
Do not repeat the details of
established methods. Broad
summaries or key references
are sufficient.
52. List the methods in the same order they will appear
in the Results section, in the logical order in which
you did the research:
Description of the site
Description of the surveys or experiments done
Description of the laboratory methods
Description of the statistical methods used
(including confidence levels, etc.)
53. This section responds to the
question "What have you
found?"
Hence, only representative
results from your research
should be presented.The
results should be essential
for discussion.
54. Some tips in writing results:
For numbers,use two significant digits unless more precision is
necessary (2.08, not 2.07856444).
Never use percentages for very small samples e.g., "one out of
two" should not be replaced by 50%.
Remember that most journals offer the possibility of adding
Supporting Materials, so use them freely for data of secondary
importance. In this way, do not attempt to "hide" data in the
hope of saving it for a later paper.
An important issue is that you must not include references in
this section; you are presenting your results, so you cannot refer
to others here.
55. What do the results mean? So what?
The hardest section to get right
Take into account that a huge
numbers of manuscripts are rejected
because the Discussion is weak.
You need to make the Discussion
corresponding to the Results, but do
not reiterate the results.
You need to compare the published
results by your colleagues with yours
56. Some tips for discussion:
Avoid statements that go beyond what the results can support
Avoid unspecific expressions such as "higher temperature", "at
a lower rate", "highly significant". Quantitative descriptions are
always preferred
Avoid sudden introduction of new terms or ideas; you must
present everything in the introduction, to be confronted with
your results here.
Speculations on possible interpretations are allowed, but these
should be rooted in fact, rather than imagination.
Revision of Results and Discussion is not just paper work.
57. This section shows how the work
advances the field from the present
state of knowledge.
A common error in this section is
repeating the abstract, or just listing
experimental results.
Trivial statements of your results are
unacceptable in this section.
58. This is your opportunity to convince
readers that you clearly know why
your work is useful.
A good introduction should answer
the following questions:
What is the problem to be solved?
Are there any existing solutions?
Which is the best/recommended?
What is its main limitation?
What do you hope to achieve?
59. Some tips in writing the introduction:
Never use more words than necessary (be concise and to-the-
point). Don't make this section into a history lesson.Long
introductions put readers off.
The introduction must be organized from the global to the
particular point of view,guiding the readers to your objectives
when writing this paper.
Hypothesis and objectives must be clearly remarked at the end
of the introduction.
60. The abstract tells prospective
readers what you did and what the
important findings in your research
were.
Together with the title, it's the
advertisement of your article.
Make it interesting and easily
understood without reading the
whole article.
Avoid using jargon,uncommon
abbreviations and references.
A clear abstract will strongly
influence whether or not your work is
further considered.
61. The title must explain what the
paper is broadly about. It is your
first (and probably only)
opportunity to attract the
reader's attention.
Remember that the first readers
are the Editor and the referees.
Also, readers are the potential
authors who will cite your
article, so the first impression is
powerful!
62.
63.
64.
65. When looking for keywords,avoid
words with a broad meaning and
words already included in the title.
Some journals require that the
keywords are not those from the
journal name, because it is implicit
that the topic is that.
For example,the journal Soil Biology
& Biochemistry requires that the word
"soil" not be selected as a keyword.
66. Here, you can thank people who have
contributed to the manuscript but not
to the extent where that would justify
authorship.
Probably,the most important thing is
to thank your funding agency or the
agency giving you a grant or
fellowship.
67. Typically, there are more mistakes in the
references than in any other part of the
manuscript.
In the text, you must cite all the scientific
publications on which your work is based.
But do not over-inflate the manuscript with too
many references
Avoid excessive self-citations and excessive
citations of publications from the same region.
Minimize personal communications, do not
include unpublished observations,
manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted
for publication, publications that are not peer
reviewed, or articles not published in English.
69. References:
Borja, Angel. Six things to do before writing your manuscript. May 12,
2014. https://www.elsevier.com/connect/six-things-to-do-before-writing-
your-manuscript
Borja, Angel. 11 steps to structuring a science paper editors will take
seriously. June 24, 2014. https://www.elsevier.com/connect/11-steps-to-
structuring-a-science-paper-editors-will-take-seriously
UPLB RDE Digest Vol.9 No.1