This document provides an overview of Judaism, including its origins, key figures, texts, beliefs, and practices. It discusses how Judaism traces back to Abraham and Moses and the Israelites' exodus from Egypt. It outlines the timeline of Moses' life and leadership. It also summarizes the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and other sacred texts like the Talmud. Finally, it briefly outlines some of Judaism's core principles of faith and the Ten Commandments.
The document summarizes key periods and events in early Judaism and Israelite history:
1) The Patriarchal period from around 2000-1550 BC when Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob lived in Canaan.
2) The time of Moses and Joshua in the 15th-13th century BC, including the Exodus from Egypt and establishment of Israel.
3) The united kingdom of Israel under kings Saul, David, and Solomon from the 11th-10th century BC. This was later divided into the northern and southern kingdoms.
The Middle East is strategically located at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, and Europe. It contains important waterways like the Suez Canal and Strait of Hormuz. The Fertile Crescent region, including the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, was historically fertile. The region also has significant oil resources. Arabs are the predominant ethnic group, and Israel has a majority Jewish population.
The document provides an overview of the origins and foundations of Judaism through its history. It discusses how Judaism emerged from the patriarchal family of Abraham in 2000-1500 BCE and the key defining moments of the Exodus from Egypt under Moses and receiving the Ten Commandments. It also summarizes the periods of exile and return, the development of prophets and scripture, and continuing traditions up to present times.
The early stages of Judaism began with the patriarchs Abraham, Moses, and the Israelites who settled in Canaan at God's command in 1900 BC. The kingdom of Israel was established but later split into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Both kingdoms were eventually conquered and the Israelites exiled, but maintained their religion. The editing of the Bible began as a way to preserve national identity and history during and after the exile. The diaspora and loss of the temple led to Judaism being centered around synagogues and rabbis rather than the land of Israel.
The document provides an overview of Judaism from its origins with Moses and the Torah to modern times. It discusses key figures like Moses and Maimonides, the development of Zionism and establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and the three main branches of modern Judaism - Reform, Orthodox, and Conservative. It also briefly outlines some of the challenges faced by Israel such as defending its borders during wars and ongoing debates around its status as a Jewish state.
Judaism is one of the original monotheistic faiths that developed a relationship with God through the teachings in the Torah. The Torah was given to important figures like the patriarchs and Moses and contains the first five books of the Hebrew Bible known as the Pentateuch. Key events in Jewish history include Moses receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, King Solomon building the first temple in Jerusalem, and the establishment of Israel as a recognized nation in 1947. Major Jewish holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Hanukkah, and Passover.
Judaism began during the Bronze Age in the Middle East. Key events included the destruction of the first temple in 175 BCE and revolts against Roman rule in 63 BCE. Important figures included Abraham, who established the belief in one God, and Sarah, his wife. Jews believe in one God who created the universe and continues to work in the world. There are several branches of Judaism including Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform. Major holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Passover, and Hanukkah.
Judaism began with the ancient Hebrew people who believed they were God's chosen ones. Abraham is considered the father of Judaism after making a covenant with Yahweh, the Jewish God. The Kingdom of Israel was formed in 1025 BC with Jerusalem as its capital under kings David and Solomon. After various foreign rulers, the Romans took over Israel and forced the Jews from their holy land, beginning the Jewish Diaspora. Central to Judaism is the belief in one God, Yahweh, and obedience to the laws in the Torah, including the Ten Commandments, as a way for people and rulers to lead moral lives.
The document summarizes key periods and events in early Judaism and Israelite history:
1) The Patriarchal period from around 2000-1550 BC when Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob lived in Canaan.
2) The time of Moses and Joshua in the 15th-13th century BC, including the Exodus from Egypt and establishment of Israel.
3) The united kingdom of Israel under kings Saul, David, and Solomon from the 11th-10th century BC. This was later divided into the northern and southern kingdoms.
The Middle East is strategically located at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, and Europe. It contains important waterways like the Suez Canal and Strait of Hormuz. The Fertile Crescent region, including the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, was historically fertile. The region also has significant oil resources. Arabs are the predominant ethnic group, and Israel has a majority Jewish population.
The document provides an overview of the origins and foundations of Judaism through its history. It discusses how Judaism emerged from the patriarchal family of Abraham in 2000-1500 BCE and the key defining moments of the Exodus from Egypt under Moses and receiving the Ten Commandments. It also summarizes the periods of exile and return, the development of prophets and scripture, and continuing traditions up to present times.
The early stages of Judaism began with the patriarchs Abraham, Moses, and the Israelites who settled in Canaan at God's command in 1900 BC. The kingdom of Israel was established but later split into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Both kingdoms were eventually conquered and the Israelites exiled, but maintained their religion. The editing of the Bible began as a way to preserve national identity and history during and after the exile. The diaspora and loss of the temple led to Judaism being centered around synagogues and rabbis rather than the land of Israel.
The document provides an overview of Judaism from its origins with Moses and the Torah to modern times. It discusses key figures like Moses and Maimonides, the development of Zionism and establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and the three main branches of modern Judaism - Reform, Orthodox, and Conservative. It also briefly outlines some of the challenges faced by Israel such as defending its borders during wars and ongoing debates around its status as a Jewish state.
Judaism is one of the original monotheistic faiths that developed a relationship with God through the teachings in the Torah. The Torah was given to important figures like the patriarchs and Moses and contains the first five books of the Hebrew Bible known as the Pentateuch. Key events in Jewish history include Moses receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, King Solomon building the first temple in Jerusalem, and the establishment of Israel as a recognized nation in 1947. Major Jewish holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Hanukkah, and Passover.
Judaism began during the Bronze Age in the Middle East. Key events included the destruction of the first temple in 175 BCE and revolts against Roman rule in 63 BCE. Important figures included Abraham, who established the belief in one God, and Sarah, his wife. Jews believe in one God who created the universe and continues to work in the world. There are several branches of Judaism including Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform. Major holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Passover, and Hanukkah.
Judaism began with the ancient Hebrew people who believed they were God's chosen ones. Abraham is considered the father of Judaism after making a covenant with Yahweh, the Jewish God. The Kingdom of Israel was formed in 1025 BC with Jerusalem as its capital under kings David and Solomon. After various foreign rulers, the Romans took over Israel and forced the Jews from their holy land, beginning the Jewish Diaspora. Central to Judaism is the belief in one God, Yahweh, and obedience to the laws in the Torah, including the Ten Commandments, as a way for people and rulers to lead moral lives.
The document provides an overview of Judaism, including its origins, basic teachings, and practices. It discusses how Judaism traces its origins to Abraham and the Hebrew people over 4000 years ago. The religion is based on monotheism and the belief that God revealed the Torah and commandments to Moses and the Jewish people. Key practices include observing the Sabbath and Jewish holidays, studying the Torah, and praying in congregations three times daily.
Judaism originated from the ancient Hebrews who lived in Canaan, now known as Palestine. According to the Torah, God chose Abraham and promised the land of Canaan to his descendants. Moses led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt in an event known as the Exodus. The Ten Commandments given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai formed the basis of Jewish religious law. The Kingdom of Israel was established but divided into the northern kingdom of Israel and southern kingdom of Judah. Both kingdoms were later conquered and the first temple was destroyed, though the Hebrews were allowed to return and rebuild the second temple under Persian rule.
The origins of Judaism can be traced back to the ancient Hebrew people who settled in Canaan, located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. According to the Torah, God chose Abraham and promised him land and protection if he obeyed God and established a covenant. Abraham's descendants, called the Hebrews, later moved to Egypt but were eventually enslaved. Moses then led the Hebrews out of Egypt to Mount Sinai, where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. The Hebrews later settled in Canaan but the kingdom divided and both parts were eventually conquered by outside empires, with many Jews exiled to Babylon.
The document provides an overview of the origins and early history of Judaism. It discusses how the location of Israel contributed to trade but also made it a battleground. It outlines some of the key figures and events in early Judaism, including Abraham establishing the faith, Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt, receiving the Ten Commandments, and their conquest of Canaan under Joshua. The document also mentions important later figures like judges, prophets, and kings Saul, David, and Solomon who built the first temple.
Judaism originated as an ethnic identity rather than a religious one. It began as an oral tradition among the Israelites and was compiled into written texts like the Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim, which together form the Hebrew Bible. The Hebrew Bible contains the creation story, narratives of patriarchs like Abraham, and accounts of the Israelites' slavery in Egypt and deliverance under Moses. It was not until around 400 BCE that authors compiled and organized the stories and laws that make up Judaism's holiest texts.
Judaism originated with the Hebrews who settled in Palestine, the promised land, in 930 BCE. The kingdom later split into Israel and Judah. Jews believe in one God and that they are God's chosen people according to the sacred texts of the Torah and the Ten Commandments. Important Jewish figures include the patriarch Abraham, leader Moses who led the Exodus, and kings David and Solomon. Today Israel is a Jewish state and the site of ongoing conflict with neighboring Palestine.
The earliest historical reference to Judaism comes from the Torah, which describes the exodus of Jews from Egypt to Canaan around 2000 BC. Abraham is considered the first Jewish patriarch and introduced monotheism to the region in 1800 BC. Moses led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt around 1300-1200 BC and received the Ten Commandments from God at Mount Sinai. The Kingdom of Israel was established but divided into Israel and Judah after Solomon's death in 922 BC. Both kingdoms fell to the Assyrians and Babylonians by 722 and 586 BC, respectively, destroying Jewish temples and exiling many Jews. After almost 2000 years of diaspora, the modern state of Israel was established in
This document provides an overview of some of the most influential early Church fathers and martyrs from North Africa, including their writings, teachings, and contributions to the development of Christianity. It discusses figures such as Clement of Alexandria, Origen of Alexandria, Tertullian of Carthage, Cyprian of Carthage, Athanasius of Alexandria, and Augustine of Hippo and highlights their roles in establishing Christian schools, defending orthodox doctrine against heresies, providing guidance for Christian living, suffering persecution and martyrdom, and leaving behind extensive biblical commentaries and other theological works. The document also mentions the early spread of Christianity to Egypt and Ethiopia by figures like John Mark and the links between the
Judaism is one of the oldest religions and has influenced Christianity and Islam. It originated with the Hebrews and Abraham over 4,000 years ago. Some key beliefs include monotheism, the Ten Commandments, and the Torah. Jews were exiled and dispersed after conquests but maintained their faith and traditions. There are approximately 15 million Jews worldwide today.
The document provides an overview of the history and beliefs of Judaism, beginning with its biblical roots in figures like Abraham and Moses and key events like the Exodus and establishment of the Law at Sinai. It discusses the development of Jewish religious institutions and worship during biblical times and through the exile and diaspora, as well as the contributions of historical periods like the Middle Ages. The summary also outlines major modern developments and responses in Judaism like Zionism, the Holocaust, and the establishment of the modern State of Israel, as well as different Jewish religious movements today.
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Judaism including stories of origin, important figures, core beliefs, symbols, holy places, rites of passage, holidays, and history. It notes that Moses and Abraham were important founding figures and that the Torah contains the laws and origin story. It also describes some of the core beliefs like monotheism and that Jesus was a regular person, not the son of God. Symbols mentioned include the Star of David and objects include the shofar and tallit. The Western Wall and synagogues are described as holy places. Rites highlighted are bar/bat mitzvahs and some purification rituals. Major holidays discussed are Rosh Hashanah, Han
Judaism in the time of Jesus was complex with different groups holding varying beliefs and practices. The basic beliefs shared among groups included belief in one God, the covenant God made with Israel, and the Torah as the foundational law. The main groups were the Pharisees who emphasized strict observance of the purity code and oral tradition, the Sadducees who were more focused on the Temple practices, and the Essenes who lived separately and anticipated the Messiah. Overall, Judaism was still developing different interpretations on how to properly worship God and live as God's people.
Judaism originated with Abraham, who established a covenant with God to believe in radical monotheism. Moses then led the Jews out of slavery in Egypt into the region of Israel. Key Jewish figures included judges like Deborah and kings David and Solomon, who built the Temple in Jerusalem. The core texts are the Torah and Talmud, while beliefs centered around ethical monotheism and remembering history through rituals and celebrations. Over time, the Jewish kingdom fell to empires like Babylon and Persia, and expulsions led to the Diaspora with Jewish communities spreading worldwide.
The document summarizes the history of the ancient Hebrews. It discusses how they originated as nomadic herders from Mesopotamia who settled in the region of Palestine and developed a monotheistic religion. It describes Abraham's journey from Ur to Canaan, the Exodus story of Moses freeing the Hebrew slaves from Egypt, and the development of the Hebrew civilization and kingdoms under Saul, David, and Solomon. The kingdoms later split and the Israelites were taken into captivity before the Romans destroyed Jerusalem.
Samuel Ajayi Crowther was born in Yorubaland in 1807. At age 13, he was captured and sold into slavery. In 1822, he was rescued by the British navy and brought to Freetown, Sierra Leone. In Sierra Leone, he converted to Christianity and received an education. In 1843, he was ordained as a minister for the Church Missionary Society. Crowther led a successful missionary effort back to Yorubaland, where Christianity grew. In 1864, he became the first African bishop of the Church of England. Crowther worked to translate scripture, oppose slavery and witchcraft, and win converts among various tribes in Nigeria. Today there are over 18 million
Why Did Christianity Die Out in Northern Sudan?Peter Hammond
For over 1000 years, Christianity was the dominant religion in northern Sudan. However, by the late 15th century, the Christian kingdoms had fallen due to attacks from Muslim Arabs. The Christian faith then died out in northern Sudan due to a combination of factors: the churches' overdependence on foreign clergy who could no longer access the region once contact was cut off; lack of literacy and Bible teachings for common people; and the churches being too closely tied to political powers so that they fell along with the Christian kingdoms. Today, northern Sudan is officially an Islamic state.
The document discusses the ancient Hebrews, who lived as semi-nomadic herders and farmers in Mesopotamia and Canaan. They believed in one God and that Abraham founded their religion of Judaism. Due to a famine, many Hebrews migrated to Egypt where they were enslaved. Moses led them out of Egypt through the parted Red Sea to the promised land of Canaan, in obedience to God's command. In 1000 BC, King David united the Hebrews and built a temple dedicated to God. The Hebrews believed God made a covenant promising them the land of Canaan if they remained faithful and obeyed religious laws like the Ten Commandments.
Israel is located in the Middle East along the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, bordered by Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon. Its maritime plain is fertile while much of the southern Negev region is desert. The Jordan River flows through several bodies of water before emptying into the Dead Sea, the lowest elevation on land. According to the Hebrew Bible, the name "Israel" was given to the patriarch Jacob after he wrestled with an angel. His twelve sons became the ancestors of the Israelites. Israel has a parliamentary democracy government with Benjamin Netanyahu currently serving as prime minister. The area has a long history involving many rulers and civilizations over thousands of years.
Comparative Study of Major Religions.pptxHappy Ladher
The document provides an overview of Judaism, covering its early origins, history, scriptures, and beliefs. It notes that Judaism was established by Abraham around 1800 BC and involves a covenant with God to worship Him alone in Canaan. Key figures mentioned include Moses, who led the Israelites out of Egypt around 1250 BC and received the Ten Commandments. The document outlines the major events and time periods in Jewish history, from kings Saul and David to exile and diaspora. Jewish scriptures discussed include the Torah, Prophets, and Writings that make up the Tanakh, as well as other texts like the Talmud and Mishnah.
1. The document summarizes a sermon given on Moses' last days based on passages in Deuteronomy 32-34.
2. Key points included Moses viewing the Promised Land before his death, the song of Moses that will be sung in heaven, Michael disputing with Satan over Moses' body, and Moses appearing at the transfiguration of Jesus.
3. The sermon emphasized lessons about eternal life, God fulfilling his promises, and believers having hope beyond physical death.
The document provides an overview of Judaism, including its origins, basic teachings, and practices. It discusses how Judaism traces its origins to Abraham and the Hebrew people over 4000 years ago. The religion is based on monotheism and the belief that God revealed the Torah and commandments to Moses and the Jewish people. Key practices include observing the Sabbath and Jewish holidays, studying the Torah, and praying in congregations three times daily.
Judaism originated from the ancient Hebrews who lived in Canaan, now known as Palestine. According to the Torah, God chose Abraham and promised the land of Canaan to his descendants. Moses led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt in an event known as the Exodus. The Ten Commandments given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai formed the basis of Jewish religious law. The Kingdom of Israel was established but divided into the northern kingdom of Israel and southern kingdom of Judah. Both kingdoms were later conquered and the first temple was destroyed, though the Hebrews were allowed to return and rebuild the second temple under Persian rule.
The origins of Judaism can be traced back to the ancient Hebrew people who settled in Canaan, located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. According to the Torah, God chose Abraham and promised him land and protection if he obeyed God and established a covenant. Abraham's descendants, called the Hebrews, later moved to Egypt but were eventually enslaved. Moses then led the Hebrews out of Egypt to Mount Sinai, where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. The Hebrews later settled in Canaan but the kingdom divided and both parts were eventually conquered by outside empires, with many Jews exiled to Babylon.
The document provides an overview of the origins and early history of Judaism. It discusses how the location of Israel contributed to trade but also made it a battleground. It outlines some of the key figures and events in early Judaism, including Abraham establishing the faith, Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt, receiving the Ten Commandments, and their conquest of Canaan under Joshua. The document also mentions important later figures like judges, prophets, and kings Saul, David, and Solomon who built the first temple.
Judaism originated as an ethnic identity rather than a religious one. It began as an oral tradition among the Israelites and was compiled into written texts like the Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim, which together form the Hebrew Bible. The Hebrew Bible contains the creation story, narratives of patriarchs like Abraham, and accounts of the Israelites' slavery in Egypt and deliverance under Moses. It was not until around 400 BCE that authors compiled and organized the stories and laws that make up Judaism's holiest texts.
Judaism originated with the Hebrews who settled in Palestine, the promised land, in 930 BCE. The kingdom later split into Israel and Judah. Jews believe in one God and that they are God's chosen people according to the sacred texts of the Torah and the Ten Commandments. Important Jewish figures include the patriarch Abraham, leader Moses who led the Exodus, and kings David and Solomon. Today Israel is a Jewish state and the site of ongoing conflict with neighboring Palestine.
The earliest historical reference to Judaism comes from the Torah, which describes the exodus of Jews from Egypt to Canaan around 2000 BC. Abraham is considered the first Jewish patriarch and introduced monotheism to the region in 1800 BC. Moses led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt around 1300-1200 BC and received the Ten Commandments from God at Mount Sinai. The Kingdom of Israel was established but divided into Israel and Judah after Solomon's death in 922 BC. Both kingdoms fell to the Assyrians and Babylonians by 722 and 586 BC, respectively, destroying Jewish temples and exiling many Jews. After almost 2000 years of diaspora, the modern state of Israel was established in
This document provides an overview of some of the most influential early Church fathers and martyrs from North Africa, including their writings, teachings, and contributions to the development of Christianity. It discusses figures such as Clement of Alexandria, Origen of Alexandria, Tertullian of Carthage, Cyprian of Carthage, Athanasius of Alexandria, and Augustine of Hippo and highlights their roles in establishing Christian schools, defending orthodox doctrine against heresies, providing guidance for Christian living, suffering persecution and martyrdom, and leaving behind extensive biblical commentaries and other theological works. The document also mentions the early spread of Christianity to Egypt and Ethiopia by figures like John Mark and the links between the
Judaism is one of the oldest religions and has influenced Christianity and Islam. It originated with the Hebrews and Abraham over 4,000 years ago. Some key beliefs include monotheism, the Ten Commandments, and the Torah. Jews were exiled and dispersed after conquests but maintained their faith and traditions. There are approximately 15 million Jews worldwide today.
The document provides an overview of the history and beliefs of Judaism, beginning with its biblical roots in figures like Abraham and Moses and key events like the Exodus and establishment of the Law at Sinai. It discusses the development of Jewish religious institutions and worship during biblical times and through the exile and diaspora, as well as the contributions of historical periods like the Middle Ages. The summary also outlines major modern developments and responses in Judaism like Zionism, the Holocaust, and the establishment of the modern State of Israel, as well as different Jewish religious movements today.
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Judaism including stories of origin, important figures, core beliefs, symbols, holy places, rites of passage, holidays, and history. It notes that Moses and Abraham were important founding figures and that the Torah contains the laws and origin story. It also describes some of the core beliefs like monotheism and that Jesus was a regular person, not the son of God. Symbols mentioned include the Star of David and objects include the shofar and tallit. The Western Wall and synagogues are described as holy places. Rites highlighted are bar/bat mitzvahs and some purification rituals. Major holidays discussed are Rosh Hashanah, Han
Judaism in the time of Jesus was complex with different groups holding varying beliefs and practices. The basic beliefs shared among groups included belief in one God, the covenant God made with Israel, and the Torah as the foundational law. The main groups were the Pharisees who emphasized strict observance of the purity code and oral tradition, the Sadducees who were more focused on the Temple practices, and the Essenes who lived separately and anticipated the Messiah. Overall, Judaism was still developing different interpretations on how to properly worship God and live as God's people.
Judaism originated with Abraham, who established a covenant with God to believe in radical monotheism. Moses then led the Jews out of slavery in Egypt into the region of Israel. Key Jewish figures included judges like Deborah and kings David and Solomon, who built the Temple in Jerusalem. The core texts are the Torah and Talmud, while beliefs centered around ethical monotheism and remembering history through rituals and celebrations. Over time, the Jewish kingdom fell to empires like Babylon and Persia, and expulsions led to the Diaspora with Jewish communities spreading worldwide.
The document summarizes the history of the ancient Hebrews. It discusses how they originated as nomadic herders from Mesopotamia who settled in the region of Palestine and developed a monotheistic religion. It describes Abraham's journey from Ur to Canaan, the Exodus story of Moses freeing the Hebrew slaves from Egypt, and the development of the Hebrew civilization and kingdoms under Saul, David, and Solomon. The kingdoms later split and the Israelites were taken into captivity before the Romans destroyed Jerusalem.
Samuel Ajayi Crowther was born in Yorubaland in 1807. At age 13, he was captured and sold into slavery. In 1822, he was rescued by the British navy and brought to Freetown, Sierra Leone. In Sierra Leone, he converted to Christianity and received an education. In 1843, he was ordained as a minister for the Church Missionary Society. Crowther led a successful missionary effort back to Yorubaland, where Christianity grew. In 1864, he became the first African bishop of the Church of England. Crowther worked to translate scripture, oppose slavery and witchcraft, and win converts among various tribes in Nigeria. Today there are over 18 million
Why Did Christianity Die Out in Northern Sudan?Peter Hammond
For over 1000 years, Christianity was the dominant religion in northern Sudan. However, by the late 15th century, the Christian kingdoms had fallen due to attacks from Muslim Arabs. The Christian faith then died out in northern Sudan due to a combination of factors: the churches' overdependence on foreign clergy who could no longer access the region once contact was cut off; lack of literacy and Bible teachings for common people; and the churches being too closely tied to political powers so that they fell along with the Christian kingdoms. Today, northern Sudan is officially an Islamic state.
The document discusses the ancient Hebrews, who lived as semi-nomadic herders and farmers in Mesopotamia and Canaan. They believed in one God and that Abraham founded their religion of Judaism. Due to a famine, many Hebrews migrated to Egypt where they were enslaved. Moses led them out of Egypt through the parted Red Sea to the promised land of Canaan, in obedience to God's command. In 1000 BC, King David united the Hebrews and built a temple dedicated to God. The Hebrews believed God made a covenant promising them the land of Canaan if they remained faithful and obeyed religious laws like the Ten Commandments.
Israel is located in the Middle East along the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, bordered by Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon. Its maritime plain is fertile while much of the southern Negev region is desert. The Jordan River flows through several bodies of water before emptying into the Dead Sea, the lowest elevation on land. According to the Hebrew Bible, the name "Israel" was given to the patriarch Jacob after he wrestled with an angel. His twelve sons became the ancestors of the Israelites. Israel has a parliamentary democracy government with Benjamin Netanyahu currently serving as prime minister. The area has a long history involving many rulers and civilizations over thousands of years.
Comparative Study of Major Religions.pptxHappy Ladher
The document provides an overview of Judaism, covering its early origins, history, scriptures, and beliefs. It notes that Judaism was established by Abraham around 1800 BC and involves a covenant with God to worship Him alone in Canaan. Key figures mentioned include Moses, who led the Israelites out of Egypt around 1250 BC and received the Ten Commandments. The document outlines the major events and time periods in Jewish history, from kings Saul and David to exile and diaspora. Jewish scriptures discussed include the Torah, Prophets, and Writings that make up the Tanakh, as well as other texts like the Talmud and Mishnah.
1. The document summarizes a sermon given on Moses' last days based on passages in Deuteronomy 32-34.
2. Key points included Moses viewing the Promised Land before his death, the song of Moses that will be sung in heaven, Michael disputing with Satan over Moses' body, and Moses appearing at the transfiguration of Jesus.
3. The sermon emphasized lessons about eternal life, God fulfilling his promises, and believers having hope beyond physical death.
This document provides an overview and summary of Moses' final days according to the book of Deuteronomy chapters 32-34. It discusses Moses teaching the Song of Moses to Israel, his view of the Promised Land before dying, his death and burial by God, and his later appearance at Jesus' transfiguration. It also covers lessons about God fulfilling his promises, the consequences of sin, and life after death.
This document provides background information on Moses and the story of Exodus from the Bible. It discusses who Moses was, including being raised in Egypt but born to Hebrew parents. It also summarizes the key events of Exodus such as the 10 plagues, Israelites being freed from slavery, and wandering in the desert for 40 years. However, it notes that some details are not likely historical facts, such as the parting of the Red Sea which was more likely a marsh that trapped Egyptian chariots. The overall message is that the religious truths of God's love for his people and leading them to freedom are more important than the specific factual details. Students are assigned to read more on Moses and answer accompanying questions.
The document discusses the "Moses Model" where God prepares people in stages over long periods of time for their divine purpose. It uses Moses' life as an example, describing his three 40-year periods: in Egypt where he was educated, in Midian where he learned to wait on God, and back in Egypt where he delivered the Israelites. The document encourages the audience to surrender their lives fully to God and be open to a "repositioning" as God may be preparing them for a greater purpose, like delivering their people from bondage, just as Moses did.
B I B S T U D Lesson 12 Moses And The DecalogueDennis Maturan
Moses was the liberator of the Jewish people from slavery in Egypt. He received the Ten Commandments from God and established Judaism. Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt after God sent ten plagues and helped them escape across the Red Sea. He served as a prophet and lawgiver, establishing God's covenant with the Israelites and receiving the commandments before dying at age 120.
Basic Bible Survey Lesson 2 Old TestamentJerry Smith
This is the second lesson of a basic study of Bible survey. It is not meant for seminary study, but for the everyday believer who wants to gain a practical understanding of the subject for their own personal reading, for small group bible studies, or for teaching in church.
Judaism began over 3,500 years ago and was founded by Abraham around 1750 BCE. The religion is based on the belief in one God and obedience to his laws and commandments as passed down in the Torah and other holy texts. Some key figures and events in early Judaism include Moses leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt to Mount Sinai where God gave them the Ten Commandments. Symbols of Judaism include the Star of David and the Western Wall in Jerusalem, while synagogues serve as important houses of worship around the world.
The document provides information about three major world religions: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. It includes details about their founders, sacred texts, places of worship, major splits, locations, sizes, and other key facts. Comparing the three religions reveals both similarities, like belief in one God, and differences, such as variations in founders, sacred texts, and dates of founding. Understanding different religions can help provide context for current global events and cultural practices.
A lecture I gave in preparation for Foundation Day. It mainly focuses on Moses and Joshua's courses looking at the parallels and challenges between that time and this time. Also looking at some issues in the period of the monarchy and Temple. There is an accompanying video http://www.ustream.tv/channel/ffwpu-seminars?utm_source=live+Ustream+link+for+foundation+day+workshop+-+pastor%27s+update&utm_campaign=19th+january+2013&utm_medium=socialshare#/recorded/28627787
Judaism originated over 3,500 years ago with Abraham, who is considered the first Patriarch. The Jewish people trace their lineage to Abraham's grandson Jacob. Traditionally, one is considered Jewish if their mother is Jewish or they have undergone a conversion ceremony. Core beliefs of Judaism include monotheism and adherence to the commandments in the Torah and oral traditions. Some key symbols and sites of Judaism include the Star of David, the Western Wall in Jerusalem, and synagogues where people gather to pray and study.
The document provides information about three major monotheistic religions - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - that originated in the Middle East. It discusses their origins and key figures like Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad. It outlines important beliefs and practices for each religion such as the Five Pillars of Islam, Jewish holidays, and symbols like the Star of David and cross. The Middle East is described as the birthplace of monotheism and these influential faiths that have spread globally over millennia.
Judaism originated with Abraham establishing a covenant with God that included the belief in one God and agreement that humans would live under God's rule. Key figures included Moses who led the Jews out of Egypt, and David and Solomon who established the kingdom of Israel and built the Temple. The core texts are the Torah and Talmud, and beliefs center around ethical monotheism and remembering the covenant through rituals and celebrations. Over time the Jewish kingdom fell under other empires, leading to the diaspora and spread of Judaism worldwide.
Judaism began over 3,500 years ago and was founded by Abraham around 1750 BCE. The core beliefs of Judaism are monotheism and that God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. Important Jewish symbols include the Star of David, menorah, and architecture like the Western Wall and synagogues where people worship and study.
Deuteronomy: an introduction 12 july 2020Rodney Tan
The document provides an overview of the book of Deuteronomy, including its:
1) Title, theme of remembering God's commands and past faithfulness;
2) Authorship attributed to Moses for sermons delivered before Israel entered the Promised Land;
3) Influence on the Old and New Testaments through its repetition of God's law and Jesus' quotation of passages.
This document provides an overview of Judaism. It begins with definitions of Judaism and its origins in the Middle East thousands of years ago. It then covers the religious demography of Jews today. Next, it discusses the historical and Quranic names for Jews. The document outlines the history of Jews from the patriarchs to modern times. It also examines the main Jewish scriptures and the writings of rabbis. Finally, it explores the articles of Jewish faith as described by different Jewish philosophers and scholars over time. The document concisely summarizes the key people, events, beliefs and texts that are fundamental to understanding Judaism.
This document provides an overview of the history and geography of ancient Israel in 4 parts:
1) Israel's ancestry beginning with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob during the Middle Bronze Age in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
2) Israel's beginnings under Moses and Joshua, including their exodus from Egypt and conquest of Canaan.
3) Israel's statehood under King David and his dynasty, followed by the divided kingdom and influence of Assyria and Babylon.
4) Israel's exile in Babylon and restoration under Cyrus the Great of Persia, which set the stage for Second Temple Judaism.
The document provides an overview of key figures and stories from Judaism's creation narrative and early history. It describes how God created the world over 7 days according to Judaism. It discusses Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden and their act of disobedience that led to original sin. It also summarizes stories of Noah and the flood, Abraham being considered the father of Judaism/Christianity/Islam, Jacob wrestling with an angel and being renamed Israel, and Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt after receiving the Ten Commandments from God.
This document provides an overview of the basic contents and origins of the Bible. It discusses that the Bible is a collection of 66 books accepted as divinely inspired. It was written over 1500 years by around 40 authors from various backgrounds. The events primarily took place in the Middle East. Prophecies, historical accuracy, and scientific statements within the Bible provide evidence of its supernatural origin. The document outlines many of the human authors and approximate dates they wrote different books. It also summarizes some of the fulfilled prophecies as further proof of the Bible's divine authorship.
The history of Judaism began with Abraham around 1800 BCE. Abraham was considered the first Hebrew and the founder of Judaism. His descendants Isaac and Jacob, who took the name Israel, were also important figures. Moses then led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt around 1300 BCE and received the Ten Commandments from God. After periods of rule under judges and kings, the kingdom split and the Israelites were exiled to Babylon in 587 BCE before returning and rebuilding the temple.
This document outlines a course curriculum organized into 4 modules covering Philippine politics and governance. Module 1 has 4 lessons covering basic concepts. Module 2 has 5 lessons, including topics on political ideologies, power, and globalization. Module 3 focuses on the historical background and democratic politics of the Philippines. It also covers the executive, legislative, and judiciary departments. Module 4 addresses decentralization, local governance, political parties, social movements, terrorism, and citizenship. The course uses written works and performance tasks for assessment, counting for 40% and 60% of the total grade respectively.
The document outlines a course curriculum organized into 4 modules covering 15 weeks of material. Module 1 has 3 lessons and covers weeks 1-3, focusing on introducing culture, society, and politics. Module 2 has 4 lessons spanning weeks 5-8, examining human social evolution, socialization, and social organization. Module 3 takes weeks 9-12 with 4 lessons on state and non-state institutions, education, and social stratification. Module 4 addresses weeks 13-15 with 3 lessons covering government programs, social inequalities, and cultural/social/political change.
Humans are social beings who have organized into groups and societies throughout history in order to bond, survive, and fulfill various needs. Groups provide a sense of belonging, socialization, and transmission of culture. While not all collections of individuals form true social groups, authentic groups are characterized by regular interaction and communication among members who share common experiences, identities, and interests. Societies contain various types of groups that serve different purposes, from intimate primary groups to large, impersonal organizations. Group membership and reference groups help shape individuals' identities and behaviors.
The document discusses personality development and deviance from sociological perspectives. It defines personality as characteristics of an individual, influenced by hereditary factors, birth order, parents, and culture. The Filipino concept of personality includes traits like "Bahala na" attitude, hospitality, religiosity, loyalty, adaptability, and respect for elders. Deviance is defined as violating norms, whether formal laws or informal social norms. Societies use sanctions and social control to regulate behaviors. Deviance can be primary or secondary and functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives view its causes and functions differently in society.
The document discusses several theories of personality and socialization. It describes socialization as the process through which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate for their culture and society. Key agents of socialization include family, school, peer groups, media, and government. The document also summarizes Freud's psychosexual stages of development, Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Erikson's psychosocial stages, Mead's theory of the self emerging through social interaction, and Cooley's looking glass self theory.
Evolution in a social and cultural context refers to how evolution theory was applied to sociology and politics through social Darwinism. Social Darwinism argued that in societies, the strongest should prevail through competition as in nature, promoting ideas like "survival of the fittest." These ideas were used to justify harmful policies, most infamously by the Nazi regime in Germany. Social Darwinism also related to the emergence of racism and ethnocentrism in some western cultures in the late 19th century.
Culture can be defined as the beliefs, values, and behaviors shared by a group of people. It is learned and shared, evolving over time in a cumulative and dynamic way. A culture comprises various elements like beliefs, values, norms, language, and material objects. Culture is transmitted through enculturation and shapes people's identities. There are various perspectives of analyzing culture including anthropological, sociological, and social views. The sociological perspective examines concepts such as mainstream culture, subcultures, countercultures, ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, xenophobia, and multiculturalism.
This document outlines three major sociological perspectives: symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism, and social conflict theory. It also discusses concepts such as social consensus, human functions, class conflict, cultural variation, social change, and political identities in the Philippines. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meanings of everyday symbols and how people interact. Structural functionalism views society as a system whose parts contribute to stability. Social conflict theory sees society as groups struggling over resources. The document provides an overview of key concepts and theories in sociology.
The document discusses the intersections between anthropology, sociology, and political science. Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity through examining biological and cultural aspects of human groups. Sociology seeks to understand human behavior in social contexts and groups. Political science analyzes governance and power structures through empirical methods. The disciplines can be used together to better understand humanity, societies, cultures, and their relationships to politics. Examining them intersectionally provides insights into human behavior, social issues, and how power shapes human lives.
This document discusses both the positive and negative effects of religion. Among the positive effects, it notes that religion can promote social harmony through shared beliefs and rituals. It also provides moral values and social change. Religion reduces fears of death and the unknown, and gives people positive goals and a sense of belonging. However, the document also discusses some negative effects, such as religion affirming social hierarchies and causing discrimination. It has also triggered conflicts and wars. Some argue religion can be used as an economic tool to exploit people and impede scientific success. Overall, the document presents a balanced view of both the benefits and drawbacks of religion.
This document outlines a course on world religions divided into 4 modules covering the origins and significance of religion, western Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and eastern religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shintoism. The course is structured into 15 weekly lessons exploring topics like defining religion, how religions began, effects of religion, comparative analyses of religious traditions, and introductions to specific religious faiths.
The document provides an overview of the historical origins and basic beliefs of several major world religions, including:
- Abrahamic religions like Judaism, Christianity, and Islam trace their origins back to the prophet Abraham. They believe in one God and share scriptures like the Torah and Bible.
- Hinduism is one of the oldest religions originating over 4,000 years ago in India. It is a collection of traditions rather than a single religion and teaches goals of Dharma, Artha, Karma and Moksha. Core texts are the Vedas.
- Buddhism arose in India in the 5th century BC by Siddhartha Gautama and focuses on ending suffering through enlight
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
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Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
2. AT THE END OF THE LESSON, YOU
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
• Narrate central events in the lives of Abraham and Moses as founders of
Judaism
• Identify and distinguish between the different sacred texts of Judaism.
• Identify and explain the basic doctrines and practices of Judaism.
• Distinguish the various denominations of Judaism.
• Discuss some of the challenges faced today by Judaism.
3. JUDAISM AND THE JEWS
• The term Judaism and Jew were derived from the word Judah, which
was the name of the fourth of the twelve sons of Jacob.
• Jews are also called Hebrews (The descendants of Abraham) and
Israelites (The descendants of Jacob who was also called Israel).
• Israelites mean Children of Israel or “God’s chosen people”.
• Non-Jews are called Gentiles.
7. TIMELINE OF
MOSES’ LIFE
•Joseph saves children of Israel from the famine
•Jacob and family move to Egypt
•430 years the children of Israel multiply and prosper in the land of Egypt
•Under new Pharaoh, the Hebrew people become slaves
Before Moses’ birth:
•Moses hidden in the bulrushes; found by Pharoah’s daughter
•Moses raised as Egyptian prince
•Moses kills an Egyptian and flees to Midian
•Moses marries Jethro’s daughter
•Burning Bush experience; God calls Moses to lead the people out of bondage
First 40 Years:
•Pharaoh refuses to let the Hebrew people go
•Ten Plagues
•Passover inaugurated
•Flight to Red Sea; Crossing of the sea and defeat of the Egyptians
Second 40 Years: Rescue of Israelites
8. TIMELINE OF
MOSES’ LIFE
•Joseph saves children of Israel from the famine
•Jacob and family move to Egypt
•430 years the children of Israel multiply and prosper in the land of Egypt
•Under new Pharaoh, the Hebrew people become slaves
Before Moses’ birth:
•Moses hidden in the bulrushes; found by Pharoah’s daughter
•Moses raised as Egyptian prince
•Moses kills an Egyptian and flees to Midian
•Moses marries Jethro’s daughter
•Burning Bush experience; God calls Moses to lead the people out of bondage
First 40 Years:
•Pharaoh refuses to let the Hebrew people go
•Ten Plagues
•Passover inaugurated
•Flight to Red Sea; Crossing of the sea and defeat of the Egyptians
Second 40 Years: Rescue of Israelites
9. TIMELINE OF
MOSES’ LIFE
•Joseph saves children of Israel from the famine
•Jacob and family move to Egypt
•430 years the children of Israel multiply and prosper in the land of Egypt
•Under new Pharaoh, the Hebrew people become slaves
Before Moses’ birth:
•Moses hidden in the bulrushes; found by Pharoah’s daughter
•Moses raised as Egyptian prince
•Moses kills an Egyptian and flees to Midian
•Moses marries Jethro’s daughter
•Burning Bush experience; God calls Moses to lead the people out of bondage
First 40 Years:
•Pharaoh refuses to let the Hebrew people go
•Ten Plagues
•Passover inaugurated
•Flight to Red Sea; Crossing of the sea and defeat of the Egyptians
Second 40 Years: Rescue of Israelites
10. Escape and First Year of Wandering
Trek to Sinai
Complaining and murmuring to Moses
Manna and Quails appear
Moses Sets up a Government
•Ten Commandments on Mt. Sinai; God gives
them to Moses orally
•God gives Moses tables of stone with
commandments
•God tells Moses how to build the tabernacle
Wilderness Wanderings Second Year
Israel disobeys God, builds a golden calf
Moses’ anger, he is the first to literally break the
commandments (of stone)
Goes back up the mountain; Moses is now the
one to hew the stone tablets and write
•God’s words again
Skin of his face shone
cloud by day and pillar of fire by night: all
centered around the tabernacle
spies sent out into Canaan
38 Years of Desert Wanderings
Children believe the evil report of the 10 spies:
want to return to Egypt
Condemned to 40 years of wandering
Kadesh-barnea area
passage through Moab
11. Escape and First Year of Wandering
Trek to Sinai
Complaining and murmuring to Moses
Manna and Quails appear
Moses Sets up a Government
•Ten Commandments on Mt. Sinai; God gives
them to Moses orally
•God gives Moses tables of stone with
commandments
•God tells Moses how to build the tabernacle
Wilderness Wanderings Second Year
Israel disobeys God, builds a golden calf
Moses’ anger, he is the first to literally break the
commandments (of stone)
Goes back up the mountain; Moses is now the
one to hew the stone tablets and write
•God’s words again
Skin of his face shone
cloud by day and pillar of fire by night: all
centered around the tabernacle
spies sent out into Canaan
38 Years of Desert Wanderings
Children believe the evil report of the 10 spies:
want to return to Egypt
Condemned to 40 years of wandering
Kadesh-barnea area
passage through Moab
12. Escape and First Year of Wandering
Trek to Sinai
Complaining and murmuring to Moses
Manna and Quails appear
Moses Sets up a Government
•Ten Commandments on Mt. Sinai; God gives
them to Moses orally
•God gives Moses tables of stone with
commandments
•God tells Moses how to build the tabernacle
Wilderness Wanderings Second Year
Israel disobeys God, builds a golden calf
Moses’ anger, he is the first to literally break the
commandments (of stone)
Goes back up the mountain; Moses is now the
one to hew the stone tablets and write
•God’s words again
Skin of his face shone
cloud by day and pillar of fire by night: all
centered around the tabernacle
spies sent out into Canaan
38 Years of Desert Wanderings
Children believe the evil report of the 10 spies:
want to return to Egypt
Condemned to 40 years of wandering
Kadesh-barnea area
passage through Moab
13. TIMELINE OF MOSES’
LIFE
Commandments Repeated: End of Moses’ Human Experience
Joshua to succeed Moses
Allotment of tribes
Children of Israel told to destroy all high places and pictures
in Canaan (they do not do that)
Sema is instigated
Death of Moses – body never found (Deut 34:6)—120 years
old
Deut 34:6,7
6 And he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, over against
Bethpeor: but no man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day.
7 And Moses was an hundred and twenty years old when he died: his
eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.
14. THE HEBREW BIBLE
AND OTHER
SACRED WRITINGS
The Tanakh (or The Hebrew
Bible)
- the primary or
foundational writings of
Judaism.
- contains the Torah,
the Nevi’im, and the Kethuvim.
- Written Torah is
often referred to as the Tanakh,
which is an acrostic of Torah,
Nevi'im and Ketuvim.
Torah
(The Teachings)
Nevi’im
(The Prophets)
Kethuvim
(The Writings)
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
(Former Prophets)
Joshua, Judges,
First and Second
Kings
(Latter Prophets)
Isaiah, Jeremiah,
and The Twelve
(treated as one
book) consisting of
Hosea, Joel, Amos,
Obadiah, Jonah,
Micah, Nahum,
Habakkuk,
Zephaniah, Haggai,
Zechariah, and
Malachi
Psalms, Proverbs,
Job, and the Festal
Scrolls:
Song of Songs,
Ruth,
Lamentations,
Ecclesiastes, and
Esther, Daniel, Ezra,
Nehemiah, and
First and Second
Chroicles
15. TALMUD
• Oral Torah
• a tradition explaining what the above scriptures
mean and how to interpret them and apply the
Laws. Orthodox Jews believe G-d taught the Oral
Torah to Moses, and he taught it to others,
down to the present day. This tradition was
maintained only in oral form until about the 2d
century C.E., when the oral law was compiled
and written down in a document called the
Mishnah.
16. TALMUD
• Over the next few centuries, additional
commentaries elaborating on the Mishnah were
written down in Jerusalem and Babylon. These
additional commentaries are known as the
Gemara. The Gemara and the Mishnah
together are known as the Talmud. This was
completed in the 5th century C.E.
• There are actually two Talmuds: the Jerusalem
Talmud and the Babylonian Talmud. The
Babylonian Talmud is more comprehensive,
and is the one most people mean if they just say
"the Talmud" without specifying which one.
17. THE NAMES OF G-D
Elohim
This Name is used in scripture when
emphasizing God's might, His creative power, and
His attributes of justice and rulership. Variations on
this Name include El, Eloha, Elohai (my God) and
Elohaynu (our God).
El Shaddai: this is usually translated as "God
Almighty,"
Yod-Hei-Vav-Hei (YHVH): It is often referred to as
the Ineffable Name, the Unutterable Name or the
Distinctive Name.
It is frequently shortened to Yah (Yod-Hei), Yahu or
Yeho (Yod-Hei-Vav), especially when used in
combination with names or phrases, as in
Yehoshua (Joshua, meaning "the Lord is my
Salvation"), Eliyahu (Elijah, meaning "my God is the
Lord"), and Halleluyah ("praise the Lord")
18. 13 PRINCIPLES OF FAITH
G-d exists G-d is one and unique G-d is incorporeal G-d is eternal
Prayer is to be directed to G-d
alone and to no other
The words of the prophets are
true
Moses' prophecies are true, and
Moses was the greatest of the
prophets
The Written Torah (first 5 books
of the Bible) and Oral
Torah (teachings now contained
in the Talmud and other
writings) were given to Moses
There will be no other Torah
G-d knows the thoughts and
deeds of men
G-d will reward the good and
punish the wicked
The Messiah will come
The dead will be resurrected
19. ASERET HA-DIBROT: THE "TEN COMMANDMENTS"
1. Belief in G-d
This category is derived from the declaration in Ex. 20:2 beginning, "I am the L-rd, your G-d..."
2. Prohibition of Improper Worship
This category is derived from Ex. 20:3-6, beginning, "You shall not have other gods..." It encompasses within it the prohibition against the worship of other gods as well as
the prohibition of improper forms of worship of the one true G-d, such as worshiping G-d through an idol.
3. Prohibition of Oaths
This category is derived from Ex. 20:7, beginning, "You shall not take the name of the L-rd your G-d in vain..." This includes prohibitions against perjury, breaking or
delaying the performance of vows or promises, and speaking G-d's name or swearing unnecessarily.
4. Observance of Sacred Times
This category is derived from Ex. 20:8-11, beginning, "Remember the Sabbath day..." It encompasses all mitzvot related to Shabbat, holidays, or other sacred time.
5. Respect for Parents and Teachers
This category is derived from Ex. 20:12, beginning, "Honor your father and mother..."
6. Prohibition of Physically Harming a Person
This category is derived from Ex. 20:13, saying, "You shall not murder."
7. Prohibition of Sexual Immorality
This category is derived from Ex. 20:13, saying, "You shall not commit adultery."
8. Prohibition of Theft
This category is derived from Ex. 20:13, saying, "You shall not steal." It includes within it both outright robbery as well as various forms of theft by deception and unethical
business practices. It also includes kidnapping, which is essentially "stealing" a person.
9. Prohibition of Harming a Person through Speech
This category is derived from Ex. 20:13, saying, "You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor." It includes all forms of lashon ha-ra (sins relating to speech).
10. Prohibition of Coveting
This category is derived from Ex. 20:14, beginning, "You shall not covet your neighbor's house...
20. DOCTRINES
• The 613 Mitzvot
- Jewish tradition teaches that there are 613 commandments
- (commandments) that G-d gave to the Jewish people in the Torah (the
first five books of the Bible).
21. MITZVOT
G-d
• To know that G-d exists (Ex. 20:2; Deut. 5:6) (CCA1).
• Not to entertain the idea that there is any god but the Eternal (Ex. 20:3)
(CCN8).
• Not to blaspheme (Ex. 22:27; in Christian texts, Ex. 22:28), the penalty for
which is death (Lev. 24:16) (negative).
• To hallow G-d's name (Lev. 22:32) (CCA5).
• Not to profane G-d's name (Lev . 22:32) (CCN155).
• To know that G-d is One, a complete Unity (Deut. 6:4) (CCA2).
• To love G-d (Deut. 6:5) (CCA3).
• To fear Him reverently (Deut. 6:13; 10:20) (CCA4).
• Not to put the word of G-d to the test (Deut. 6:16) (negative).
• To imitate His good and upright ways (Deut. 28:9) (CCA6).
22. TORAH
• To honor the old and the wise (Lev. 19:32)
(CCA17).
• To learn Torah and to teach it (Deut. 6:7)
(CCA14).
• To cleave to those who know Him (Deut. 10:20)
(the Talmud states that cleaving to scholars is
equivalent to cleaving to Him) (CCA16).
• Not to add to the commandments of the Torah,
whether in the Written Law or in its
interpretation received by tradition (Deut. 13:1)
(CCN159).
• Not to take away from the commandments of
the Torah (Deut. 13:1) (CCN160).
• That every person shall write a scroll of the
Torah for himself (Deut. 31:19) (CCA15).
23. SIGNS AND
SYMBOLS
To circumcise the male
offspring (Gen. 17:12;
Lev. 12:3) (CCA47)
To put tzitzit on the
corners of clothing
(Num. 15:38) (CCA10).
To bind tefillin on the
head (Deut. 6:8) (CCA9).
To bind tefillin on the
arm (Deut. 6:8) (CCA8).
To affix the mezuzah to
the doorposts and
gates of your house
(Deut. 6:9) (CCA12).
24. PRAYER AND
BLESSINGS
To pray to G-d (Ex. 23:25; Deut. 6:13) (according to
the Talmud, the word "serve" in these verses refers to
prayer) (CCA7).
To read the Shema in the morning and at night
6:7) (CCA11).
To recite grace after meals (Deut. 8:10) (CCA13).
Not to lay down a stone for worship (Lev. 26:1)
(CCN161)
25. LOVE AND BROTHERHOOD
• To love all human beings who are of the covenant (Lev. 19:18) (CCA60).
• Not to stand by idly when a human life is in danger (Lev. 19:16) (CCN82).
• Not to wrong any one in speech (Lev. 25:17) (CCN48).
• Not to carry tales (Lev. 19:16) (CCN77).
• Not to cherish hatred in one's heart (Lev. 19:17) (CCN78).
• Not to take revenge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN80).
• Not to bear a grudge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN81).
• Not to put any Jew to shame (Lev. 19:17) (CCN79).
• Not to curse any other Israelite (Lev. 19:14) (by implication: if you may not curse those
who cannot hear, you certainly may not curse those who can) (CCN45).
• Not to give occasion to the simple-minded to stumble on the road (Lev. 19:14) (this
includes doing anything that will cause another to sin) (CCN76).
• To rebuke the sinner (Lev. 19:17) (CCA72).
• To relieve a neighbor of his burden and help to unload his beast (Ex. 23:5) (CCA70).
• To assist in replacing the load upon a neighbor's beast (Deut. 22:4) (CCA71).
• Not to leave a beast, that has fallen down beneath its burden, unaided (Deut. 22:4)
(CCN183).
26. DIETARY LAWS
• To examine the marks in cattle (so as to distinguish the clean from the unclean) (Lev. 11:2)
(affirmative).
• Not to eat the flesh of unclean beasts (Lev. 11:4) (CCN93). See Animals that may not be eaten.
• To examine the marks in fishes (so as to distinguish the clean from the unclean (Lev. 11:9)
(affirmative).
• Not to eat unclean fish (Lev. 11:11) (CCN95).
• To examine the marks in fowl, so as to distinguish the clean from the unclean (Deut. 14:11)
(affirmative).
• Not to eat unclean fowl (Lev. 11:13) (CCN94).
• To examine the marks in locusts, so as to distinguish the clean from the unclean (Lev. 11:21)
(affirmative).
• Not to eat a worm found in fruit (Lev. 11:41) (CCN98).
• Not to eat of things that creep upon the earth (Lev. 11:41-42) (CCN97)
• Not to eat any vermin of the earth (Lev. 11:44) (CCN100).
• Not to eat things that swarm in the water (Lev. 11:43 and 46) (CCN99).
• Not to eat of winged insects (Deut. 14:19) (CCN96).
• Not to eat the flesh of a beast that is terefah (lit torn) (Ex. 22:30) (CCN87).
• Not to eat the flesh of a beast that died of itself (Deut. 14:21) (CCN86).
• To slay cattle, deer and fowl according to the laws of shechitah if their flesh is to be eaten (Deut.
12:21) ("as I have commanded" in this verse refers to the technique) (CCA48).
27. DIETARY LAWS
• Not to slaughter an animal and its young on the same day (Lev. 22:28)
(CCN108).
• Not to take the mother-bird with the young (Deut. 22:6) (CCN189).
• To set the mother-bird free when taking the nest (Deut. 22:6-7) (CCA74).
• Not to eat the flesh of an ox that was condemned to be stoned (Ex. 21:28)
(negative).
• Not to boil meat with milk (Ex. 23:19) (CCN91).
• Not to eat flesh with milk (Ex. 34:26) (according to the Talmud, this passage
is a distinct prohibition from the one in Ex. 23:19) (CCN92).
• Not to eat the of the thigh-vein which shrank (Gen. 32:33) (CCN1).
• Not to eat chelev (tallow-fat) (Lev. 7:23) (CCN88).
• Not to eat blood (Lev. 7:26) (CCN89).
• To cover the blood of undomesticated animals (deer, etc.) and of fowl that
have been killed (Lev. 17:13) (CCA49).
• Not to eat or drink like a glutton or a drunkard (not to rebel against father or
mother) (Lev. 19:26; Deut. 21:20) (CCN106)
28. ANIMALS
THAT MAY
NOT BE
EATEN
Of the "beasts of the earth" (which basically
refers to land mammals with the exception of
swarming rodents), you may eat any animal
that has cloven hooves and chews its cud.
Lev. 11:3; Deut. 14:6. Any land mammal that
does not have both of these qualities is
forbidden.
Ex.
- The camel, the rock badger, the hare and
the pig are not kosher because each lacks
one of these two qualifications.
- Cattle, sheep, goats, deer and bison are
kosher.
Of the things that are in the waters, you may
eat anything that has fins and scales. Lev. 11:9;
Deut. 14:9.
- Thus, shellfish such as lobsters, oysters,
shrimp, clams and crabs are all forbidden.
Fish like tuna, carp, salmon and herring are all
permitted.
29. DIETARY LAWS
The Torah provides a list of
forbidden birds (Lev. 11:13-19;
Deut. 14:11-18), but does not
specify why these particular
birds are forbidden. All of the
birds on the list are birds of
prey or scavengers,
Other birds are permitted, such
as chicken, geese, ducks and
turkeys. However, some people
avoid turkey, because it is was
unknown at the time of the
giving of the Torah, leaving
room for doubt.
Of the "winged swarming
things" (winged insects), a few
are specifically permitted (Lev.
11:22), but the Sages are no
longer certain which ones they
are, so all have been forbidden.
Rodents, reptiles, amphibians,
and insects (except as
mentioned above) are all
forbidden. Lev. 11:29-30, 42-43.
30. A GENTILE'S GUIDE TO THE JEWISH
HOLIDAYS
• Passover
• This holiday commemorates the Exodus from
Egypt. Passover is celebrated for seven or eight
days (depending on your branch of Judaism)
starting on the night of a full moon in April.
Passover usually overlaps with Easter, though
occasionally Passover occurs a month after Easter.
31. A GENTILE'S GUIDE
TO THE JEWISH
HOLIDAYS
• Rosh Hashanah
• Rosh Hashanah is Jewish New Year, the day
when the year number on the Jewish calendar
increases. It occurs between Labor Day and
Columbus Day. It lasts for one or two days,
depending on your branch of Judaism.
• Yom Kippur
• Yom Kippur is the Jewish day of atonement, a
day of fasting and repentance to reconcile
ourselves with the Creator for the mistakes we
have made in the last year. It occurs on the ninth
day after the first day of Rosh Hashanah (Rosh
Hashanah occurs on the first day of the Jewish
month; Yom Kippur occurs on the 10th), so it is
usually in late September or early October
32. A GENTILE'S GUIDE
TO THE JEWISH
HOLIDAYS
• Chanukkah
• Chanukkah is the festival of lights,
commemorating the rededication of the Temple
in Jerusalem after a successful revolt against the
Seleucid Greeks. As part of the rededication, the
victorious Jews needed to light the Temple's
menorah (candelabrum), but they had only
enough oil to last one day and it would take
eight days to prepare more oil. Miraculously, the
one-day supply of oil lasted for eight days. The
miracle of the oil is commemorated with this
eight-day candlelighting holiday.
33. THE AFTERLIFE
The Jewish belief in an afterlife is called
Olam Ha-Ba, translated as The World
to Come. The expression is also used to
to refer to the messianic age, the
period in which the Messiah that the
Jews are waiting for will come.
Hell for Jews is temporary, which means
there is a specified time for punishment
after which the soul is either completely
destroyed or goes to a state of
remorse.
Jews emphasize on how to live life in
the here and now according to the laws
of God, and not on how to get into
heaven.
34. NATURE OF G-D
Most areas of Jewish belief are open to significant dispute, but
not the nature of the Creator:
• G-d Exists
• G-d is One
• There is only one G-d. No other being participated in the work of creation.
• G-d is a unity. He is a single, whole, complete indivisible entity. He cannot be
divided into parts or described by attributes. Any attempt to ascribe attributes
to G-d is merely man's imperfect attempt to understand the infinite.
• G-d is the only being to whom we should offer praise. The Shema can also be
translated as "The L-rd is our G-d, The L-rd alone," meaning that no other is
our G-d, and we should not pray to any other.
35. NATURE OF G-D
G-d is the Creator of
Everything
G-d is Incorporeal- We
are forbidden to represent
G-d in a physical form.
That is considered idolatry.
G-d is Neither Male nor
Female- (G-d has no
physical form.)
G-d is Omnipresent G-d is Omnipotent G-d is Omniscient
G-d is Eternal
G-d is Both Just and
Merciful
G-d is Holy and Perfect
Avinu Malkeinu: G-d is
our Father and our King
36. COMMON FACTS
ABOUT JUDAISM
The Jewish place of worship is called a Synagogue
The religious leader of a Jewish community is called a Rabbi
Unlike leaders in many other faiths, a rabbi is not a priest and has no special religious
status
The Jewish holy day, or Sabbath(Shabbat), starts at sunset on Friday and continues until
sunset on Saturday
During the Sabbath, Jews do not work(drive, cook, etc)
37. TYPES OF JUDAISM
• Orthodox Judaism: Orthodox Jews are typically known for their strict
observance of traditional Jewish law and rituals. For instance, most
believe Shabbat shouldn’t involve working, driving or handling money.
• Orthodox Judaism is a diverse sect that includes several subgroups,
including Hasidic Jews. This form started in the 18th century in Eastern
Europe and holds different values than traditional or ultra-Orthodox
Judaism. Hasidic Jews emphasize a mystical experience with God that
involves direct communion through prayer and worship. Chabad is a
well-known Orthodox Jewish, Hasidic movement.
• Reform Judaism: Reform Judaism is considered a liberal category of the
religion that values ethical traditions over strict observance of Jewish
laws. Followers promote progressive ideas and adaptation. Most of the
Jews living in the United States follow Reform Judaic traditions.
38. TYPES OF JUDAISM
• Conservative Judaism: Many people consider this form of Judaism
somewhere in between Orthodox and Reform Judaism. Typically,
conservative Jews honor the traditions of Judaism while allowing for some
modernization.
• Reconstructionist Judaism: Reconstructionism dates back to 1922 when
Mordecai Kaplan founded the Society for the Advancement of Judaism. This
sect believes that Judaism is a religious civilization that’s constantly evolving.
• Humanistic Judaism: Rabbi Sherwin Wine founded this denomination of
Judaism in 1963. Humanistic Jews celebrate Jewish history and culture
without an emphasis on God.
• Messianic Judaism: This modern movement combines the beliefs of
Judaism and Christianity. Messianic Jews believe that Jesus Christ was the
Messiah but still follow Jewish traditions.
• While there are various denominations of Judaism, many Jews don’t identify
with a particular classification and simply refer to themselves as Jewish.
39. LINKS FOR REFERENCES
• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (January 02, 2008) Neviʾim.
Encyclopædia Britannica, inc.. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Neviim
• Tracey R Rich (2011). Welcome to Judaism 101!. Judaism101.
http://www.jewfaq.org/index.shtml
• History.com Editors (January 5, 2018) Judaism. HISTORY. A&E Television
Networks. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/judaism