The document summarizes the history of the ancient Hebrews. It discusses how they originated as nomadic herders from Mesopotamia who settled in the region of Palestine and developed a monotheistic religion. It describes Abraham's journey from Ur to Canaan, the Exodus story of Moses freeing the Hebrew slaves from Egypt, and the development of the Hebrew civilization and kingdoms under Saul, David, and Solomon. The kingdoms later split and the Israelites were taken into captivity before the Romans destroyed Jerusalem.

1. Ancient Hebrews Ms. Susan M. Pojer

2. 4. The Ancient Hebrews

3. Hebrew Kingdom Nomadic Herders from Mesopotamia Settled in Palestine (modern day Israel) Also called Canaan Monotheistic – belief in one God 1 st to believe in one all powerful God Justice Good vs. Evil/right and wrong (especially in God’s eyes Rise of Judaism – Became one of the major religions of the world

4. Abraham’s Genealogy ABRAHAM SARAH HAGAR Isaac Esau Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes

5. Abraham’s Journey from Ur Canaan  The “Promised Land”

6. Abraham’s Journeys

7. Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People The Torah The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible. The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

8. Ancient Palestine

9. EXODUS Famine Hebrews left Canaan because they were starving Went To Egypt Became enslaved by Egyptians Story of Moses – raised by Egyptian Pharaoh Moses learns he is Hebrew – Frees people and leads them back to Canaan (Promise Land/Israel/Palestine) Called Exodus

10. Land of Goshen, Egypt

11. Moses “ Prince of Egypt” “ Shepherd of His People”

12. The Exodus

13. Route of the Exodus

14. Moses and the 10 Commandments A new “covenant” with Yahweh (God) Keeps societies stable

15. Mount Sinai

16. St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai

17. Hebrew Civilization Hebrews developed an advanced civilization Hebrew Tribes united under King Saul Continued under King David Saw their greatest strength and prosperity

18. King David’s Empire

19. Solomon’s Kingdom Beautified Jerusalem Built Temple of Solomon After Solomon’s death the kingdom weakened

20. Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

21. King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple

22. Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant

23. The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

24. Kingdoms of Judah & Israel

25. Israelites in Captivity

26. Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near East

27. The Great Library at Alexandria. Egypt

28. Jerusalem: Studying the Torah

29. After Israel became part of the Roman Empire Romans destroyed Jerusalem and scattered the Jews throughout the world Jews did not return until 1948 (after WWII)

30. Herod the Great’s Kingdom