JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements. There are four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge and ODBC driver; Type 2 uses a native database API; Type 3 uses a middleware layer for database independence; Type 4 communicates directly with the database using its native protocol. To connect to a database using JDBC, an application loads the appropriate JDBC driver and then calls DriverManager.getConnection(), specifying the database URL, username, and password.
The document discusses the four types of JDBC drivers:
- Type 1 drivers use JDBC-ODBC bridge, which converts JDBC to ODBC. They are platform dependent.
- Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and are partly Java. The database client is needed.
- Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer that converts JDBC to the database protocol. They support multiple databases.
- Type 4 drivers directly convert JDBC to the database protocol. They are 100% Java but database dependent.
A quick view of the types of the JDBC drivers in Java. This document contains a simpler introduction about JDBC driver, their types, advantages, disadvantages and where or in which scenario they should be used.
A JDBC driver enables a Java application to interact with a database. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers: 1) Type 1 drivers use the JDBC-ODBC bridge and convert JDBC calls to ODBC. They are platform dependent. 2) Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and client-side libraries. 3) Type 3 drivers use middleware that converts JDBC calls to database protocols. They support multiple databases. 4) Type 4 drivers directly convert JDBC calls to vendor protocols. They are pure Java and platform independent but database dependent.
A JDBC driver allows Java code to interact with a database. There are four types of JDBC drivers:
1. Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but have poor performance.
2. Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and have better performance than Type 1 but require client libraries.
3. Type 3 drivers use middleware that converts JDBC calls to database protocols, requiring no client code but adding overhead.
4. Type 4 drivers communicate directly with databases via sockets, have best performance but depend on the database.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and its components. It begins with an introduction to JDBC, explaining that JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and interact with multiple database sources. It then discusses the four types of JDBC drivers - JDBC-ODBC bridge drivers, native-API partly Java drivers, network protocol all-Java drivers, and native protocol all-Java drivers - and their characteristics. The document proceeds to explain the standard seven steps to querying databases using JDBC: loading the driver, defining the connection URL, establishing the connection, creating a statement object, executing a query or update, processing results, and closing the connection.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). It discusses what JDBC is, the different types of JDBC drivers, how to connect to databases using JDBC, and how to execute SQL statements and process result sets. It also covers how to access database metadata and provides examples of using JDBC to connect to and query a Microsoft Access database.
This document discusses JDBC architecture and driver types. It introduces JDBC as an API that allows Java applications to connect to databases. The JDBC architecture involves using driver classes like DriverManager and Connection to communicate with a database through a specific driver. There are four types of JDBC drivers: type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, type 2 uses native database APIs, type 3 uses a middleware, and type 4 is a pure Java driver that connects directly to the database.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). It describes JDBC as a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements. It provides methods for querying and updating data within a database. The document outlines the different components and specifications of JDBC, including the JDBC driver manager, JDBC drivers, and JDBC APIs. It also discusses the different types of JDBC drivers and their architectures.
The document discusses the four types of JDBC drivers:
- Type 1 drivers use JDBC-ODBC bridge, which converts JDBC to ODBC. They are platform dependent.
- Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and are partly Java. The database client is needed.
- Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer that converts JDBC to the database protocol. They support multiple databases.
- Type 4 drivers directly convert JDBC to the database protocol. They are 100% Java but database dependent.
A quick view of the types of the JDBC drivers in Java. This document contains a simpler introduction about JDBC driver, their types, advantages, disadvantages and where or in which scenario they should be used.
A JDBC driver enables a Java application to interact with a database. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers: 1) Type 1 drivers use the JDBC-ODBC bridge and convert JDBC calls to ODBC. They are platform dependent. 2) Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and client-side libraries. 3) Type 3 drivers use middleware that converts JDBC calls to database protocols. They support multiple databases. 4) Type 4 drivers directly convert JDBC calls to vendor protocols. They are pure Java and platform independent but database dependent.
A JDBC driver allows Java code to interact with a database. There are four types of JDBC drivers:
1. Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but have poor performance.
2. Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and have better performance than Type 1 but require client libraries.
3. Type 3 drivers use middleware that converts JDBC calls to database protocols, requiring no client code but adding overhead.
4. Type 4 drivers communicate directly with databases via sockets, have best performance but depend on the database.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and its components. It begins with an introduction to JDBC, explaining that JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and interact with multiple database sources. It then discusses the four types of JDBC drivers - JDBC-ODBC bridge drivers, native-API partly Java drivers, network protocol all-Java drivers, and native protocol all-Java drivers - and their characteristics. The document proceeds to explain the standard seven steps to querying databases using JDBC: loading the driver, defining the connection URL, establishing the connection, creating a statement object, executing a query or update, processing results, and closing the connection.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). It discusses what JDBC is, the different types of JDBC drivers, how to connect to databases using JDBC, and how to execute SQL statements and process result sets. It also covers how to access database metadata and provides examples of using JDBC to connect to and query a Microsoft Access database.
This document discusses JDBC architecture and driver types. It introduces JDBC as an API that allows Java applications to connect to databases. The JDBC architecture involves using driver classes like DriverManager and Connection to communicate with a database through a specific driver. There are four types of JDBC drivers: type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, type 2 uses native database APIs, type 3 uses a middleware, and type 4 is a pure Java driver that connects directly to the database.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). It describes JDBC as a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements. It provides methods for querying and updating data within a database. The document outlines the different components and specifications of JDBC, including the JDBC driver manager, JDBC drivers, and JDBC APIs. It also discusses the different types of JDBC drivers and their architectures.
Sun Microsystems introduced the JDBC driver and API in 1996 to allow Java programmers to interact with databases. The JDBC driver translates messages between the Java application and database using a specified protocol. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 translates to ODBC, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 is all Java and uses a middleware server, and Type 4 also uses a proprietary protocol but is all Java. The basic JDBC process involves loading the driver, connecting to the database, executing SQL statements, processing result sets, and closing the connection.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and access databases. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 uses middleware, and Type 4 communicates directly with database using vendor-specific protocols. The basic JDBC process involves loading the driver, connecting to the database, creating statements to execute queries, processing result sets, and closing the connection.
This document summarizes the history and concepts of database connectivity prior to and with the introduction of JDBC and ODBC. It discusses how database connectivity was previously vendor-specific and difficult, and how JDBC and ODBC standardized connectivity through open APIs. It then covers the key aspects of JDBC including its definition, tasks, support for different architectures, and types of JDBC drivers.
This document provides an introduction to JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) and how to connect to and query databases using JDBC. It discusses loading the appropriate JDBC driver, establishing a connection to the database using that driver, creating statements to execute queries, and processing the result sets returned by queries. It includes code examples to demonstrate connecting to a sample bikes database, executing a simple SELECT query, and iterating through the result set.
The Java .sql package contains interfaces and classes for connecting to and interacting with databases. It includes interfaces like Connection, PreparedStatement, and ResultSet as well as classes like Date, DriverManager, and Types. JDBC drivers provided by companies implement the Driver interface to enable communication with different databases via the standard JDBC API.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which provides Java applications with an API for accessing databases. It describes the four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 communicates through a middle-tier server, and Type 4 communicates directly via sockets. The document also outlines the basic steps to use JDBC for database connectivity including loading a driver, establishing a connection, creating statements, executing SQL, and processing result sets.
Introduction on Java database connectivity : Database servers and clients, JDBC, Connecting to a
Database, Stored Procedures and Callable Statement, Storing file and Image into database, retrieving
a file and images from database, Types of JDBC drivers.
A JDBC driver enables a Java application to interact with a database by implementing the JDBC API and translating queries to the database's protocol. For each supported database, a specific JDBC driver is required. The driver handles the communication between the application and database, executing queries and returning results.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and how to connect a Java application to a database. It describes that JDBC is a Java API that uses JDBC drivers to connect to databases. There are four types of JDBC drivers: JDBC-ODBC bridge driver, native API driver, network protocol driver, and thin driver. It provides code examples for how to register the driver, create a connection, execute statements, and close the connection in five steps using the Oracle database as an example.
JDBC provides a standard Java API for connecting Java applications to relational databases. It defines interfaces for establishing a connection to a database, sending SQL statements, processing results, and handling errors. There are four types of JDBC drivers that implement the API in different ways, including bridge drivers, native drivers, network protocol drivers, and pure Java drivers.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and working with databases in Java applications. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but are only compatible with Windows. Type 2 drivers use native database client libraries but require the libraries to be installed. Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer to support multiple database types without native libraries. Type 4 drivers connect directly to databases using a pure Java implementation, providing cross-platform compatibility without additional layers.
There are four types of JDBC drivers: 1) JDBC-ODBC bridge driver, which uses ODBC to connect to databases but has performance issues. 2) Native-API driver, which uses client libraries but requires installation. 3) Network protocol driver, which uses middleware but requires database-specific coding. 4) Thin driver, which directly converts JDBC calls to database protocols and has best performance without requiring client/server software.
This document provides an overview of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) including:
- JDBC allows Java applications to connect to databases using SQL and handles vendor differences through drivers.
- There are 4 types of JDBC drivers that handle database connections differently.
- Key JDBC interfaces like Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, CallableStatement, ResultSet allow executing queries and accessing results.
- Stored procedures can be executed through CallableStatements. Transactions ensure atomic execution across databases. Connections must be closed in the proper sequence.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and interacting with relational databases in Java. It uses drivers specific to each database vendor to translate JDBC calls to calls native to that database. The key components of JDBC include the DriverManager for loading drivers, Connection for establishing a connection, Statement for executing SQL queries, and ResultSet for accessing the results.
Databases organize data to support processes that require information. A database system includes users, data, hardware to store data, and software to manage storage and retrieval. JDBC is a Java API that defines how clients access databases. It provides methods for querying and updating relational databases. JDBC implementations establish a database connection using a driver, submit queries with a Statement object to retrieve results in a ResultSet, and close resources when done. Future work could involve using servlets to extend server capabilities and host database applications.
JDBC provides Java APIs to connect to different databases in a standardized way. It defines interfaces that database vendors implement to support connectivity. JDBC drivers act as middleware to translate JDBC calls to vendor-specific APIs. This allows software to connect to any database without being database-specific, unlike earlier approaches. The document explains the JDBC architecture, driver types, and basic steps to connect to a database and perform CRUD operations through examples.
This document provides information on JDBC programming and connecting to databases in Java. It discusses the four types of JDBC drivers (Type 1 to Type 4), how to connect to a database by loading the appropriate driver, formulating the database URL, and creating a connection object. It also covers executing SQL queries, updating and retrieving result sets from the database, and handling errors and exceptions using the SQLException class.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which provides a standard interface for connecting Java applications to various databases. It describes the JDBC architecture including common components like DriverManager, Connection, Statement, and ResultSet. It also explains the four types of JDBC drivers and how to register drivers, establish a connection, execute queries, and extract result sets in a JDBC application. Key classes like Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, and ResultSet and their common methods are outlined.
Sun Microsystems introduced the JDBC driver and API in 1996 to allow Java programmers to interact with databases. The JDBC driver translates messages between the Java application and database using a specified protocol. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 translates to ODBC, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 is all Java and uses a middleware server, and Type 4 also uses a proprietary protocol but is all Java. The basic JDBC process involves loading the driver, connecting to the database, executing SQL statements, processing result sets, and closing the connection.
Mumbai Academics is Mumbai’s first dedicated Professional Training Center for Training with Spoke and hub model with Multiple verticles . The strong foundation of Mumbai Academics is laid by highly skilled and trained Professionals, carrying mission to provide industry level input to the freshers and highly skilled and trained Software Professionals/other professional to IT companies.
JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and access databases. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 uses middleware, and Type 4 communicates directly with database using vendor-specific protocols. The basic JDBC process involves loading the driver, connecting to the database, creating statements to execute queries, processing result sets, and closing the connection.
This document summarizes the history and concepts of database connectivity prior to and with the introduction of JDBC and ODBC. It discusses how database connectivity was previously vendor-specific and difficult, and how JDBC and ODBC standardized connectivity through open APIs. It then covers the key aspects of JDBC including its definition, tasks, support for different architectures, and types of JDBC drivers.
This document provides an introduction to JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) and how to connect to and query databases using JDBC. It discusses loading the appropriate JDBC driver, establishing a connection to the database using that driver, creating statements to execute queries, and processing the result sets returned by queries. It includes code examples to demonstrate connecting to a sample bikes database, executing a simple SELECT query, and iterating through the result set.
The Java .sql package contains interfaces and classes for connecting to and interacting with databases. It includes interfaces like Connection, PreparedStatement, and ResultSet as well as classes like Date, DriverManager, and Types. JDBC drivers provided by companies implement the Driver interface to enable communication with different databases via the standard JDBC API.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which provides Java applications with an API for accessing databases. It describes the four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, Type 2 uses native database APIs, Type 3 communicates through a middle-tier server, and Type 4 communicates directly via sockets. The document also outlines the basic steps to use JDBC for database connectivity including loading a driver, establishing a connection, creating statements, executing SQL, and processing result sets.
Introduction on Java database connectivity : Database servers and clients, JDBC, Connecting to a
Database, Stored Procedures and Callable Statement, Storing file and Image into database, retrieving
a file and images from database, Types of JDBC drivers.
A JDBC driver enables a Java application to interact with a database by implementing the JDBC API and translating queries to the database's protocol. For each supported database, a specific JDBC driver is required. The driver handles the communication between the application and database, executing queries and returning results.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and how to connect a Java application to a database. It describes that JDBC is a Java API that uses JDBC drivers to connect to databases. There are four types of JDBC drivers: JDBC-ODBC bridge driver, native API driver, network protocol driver, and thin driver. It provides code examples for how to register the driver, create a connection, execute statements, and close the connection in five steps using the Oracle database as an example.
JDBC provides a standard Java API for connecting Java applications to relational databases. It defines interfaces for establishing a connection to a database, sending SQL statements, processing results, and handling errors. There are four types of JDBC drivers that implement the API in different ways, including bridge drivers, native drivers, network protocol drivers, and pure Java drivers.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and working with databases in Java applications. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but are only compatible with Windows. Type 2 drivers use native database client libraries but require the libraries to be installed. Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer to support multiple database types without native libraries. Type 4 drivers connect directly to databases using a pure Java implementation, providing cross-platform compatibility without additional layers.
There are four types of JDBC drivers: 1) JDBC-ODBC bridge driver, which uses ODBC to connect to databases but has performance issues. 2) Native-API driver, which uses client libraries but requires installation. 3) Network protocol driver, which uses middleware but requires database-specific coding. 4) Thin driver, which directly converts JDBC calls to database protocols and has best performance without requiring client/server software.
This document provides an overview of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) including:
- JDBC allows Java applications to connect to databases using SQL and handles vendor differences through drivers.
- There are 4 types of JDBC drivers that handle database connections differently.
- Key JDBC interfaces like Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, CallableStatement, ResultSet allow executing queries and accessing results.
- Stored procedures can be executed through CallableStatements. Transactions ensure atomic execution across databases. Connections must be closed in the proper sequence.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and interacting with relational databases in Java. It uses drivers specific to each database vendor to translate JDBC calls to calls native to that database. The key components of JDBC include the DriverManager for loading drivers, Connection for establishing a connection, Statement for executing SQL queries, and ResultSet for accessing the results.
Databases organize data to support processes that require information. A database system includes users, data, hardware to store data, and software to manage storage and retrieval. JDBC is a Java API that defines how clients access databases. It provides methods for querying and updating relational databases. JDBC implementations establish a database connection using a driver, submit queries with a Statement object to retrieve results in a ResultSet, and close resources when done. Future work could involve using servlets to extend server capabilities and host database applications.
JDBC provides Java APIs to connect to different databases in a standardized way. It defines interfaces that database vendors implement to support connectivity. JDBC drivers act as middleware to translate JDBC calls to vendor-specific APIs. This allows software to connect to any database without being database-specific, unlike earlier approaches. The document explains the JDBC architecture, driver types, and basic steps to connect to a database and perform CRUD operations through examples.
This document provides information on JDBC programming and connecting to databases in Java. It discusses the four types of JDBC drivers (Type 1 to Type 4), how to connect to a database by loading the appropriate driver, formulating the database URL, and creating a connection object. It also covers executing SQL queries, updating and retrieving result sets from the database, and handling errors and exceptions using the SQLException class.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which provides a standard interface for connecting Java applications to various databases. It describes the JDBC architecture including common components like DriverManager, Connection, Statement, and ResultSet. It also explains the four types of JDBC drivers and how to register drivers, establish a connection, execute queries, and extract result sets in a JDBC application. Key classes like Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, and ResultSet and their common methods are outlined.
The document discusses the four types of JDBC drivers:
1) Type 1 drivers use JDBC-ODBC bridge and allow access to any database with an ODBC driver but require the ODBC driver to be installed on the client machine.
2) Type 2 drivers use native database APIs and are faster than Type 1 but require vendor client libraries and are platform dependent.
3) Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer that converts JDBC calls to the database protocol and provide services like caching but add latency.
4) Type 4 drivers are implemented entirely in Java, provide platform independence, and connect directly to the database server for best performance but are database dependent.
The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and how it allows Java programs to connect to databases. It describes the four types of JDBC drivers, the core JDBC interfaces like Driver, Connection, and Statement, and how to use JDBC to perform CRUD operations. The key interfaces allow establishing a database connection and executing SQL statements to retrieve and manipulate data.
JDBC java database connectivity with dbmsKhyalNayak
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and interacting with databases in Java applications. There are four types of JDBC drivers: 1) Type 1 drivers use JDBC-ODBC bridges but are platform dependent. 2) Type 2 drivers convert JDBC calls to native database calls and require client-side libraries. 3) Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer and allow connection to multiple databases from a single driver. 4) Type 4 drivers directly convert JDBC calls to database protocols and are 100% pure Java but require a separate driver for each database.
This document discusses various ways to interact with databases from Java programs using JDBC. It covers the main JDBC components like DriverManager, Connection, Statement, and ResultSet. It also describes the different types of JDBC drivers and their characteristics. The key steps to connect a Java application to a database are outlined as registering the driver, getting a connection, creating statements, executing queries, and closing the connection. Sample code is provided to demonstrate connecting to MySQL.
J2EE is a platform-independent Java-centric environment for developing, building, and deploying web-based enterprise applications. It consists of services, APIs, and protocols that provide functionality for developing multi-tier, web-based applications. J2EE supports component-based development of multi-tier enterprise applications consisting of client, web, EJB, and EIS tiers. Statements are used to send SQL commands and receive data from databases, with PreparedStatements being useful for queries with parameters and CallableStatements for stored procedures.
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) enables connectivity between Java applications and relational databases. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses the JDBC-ODBC bridge and allows access to any database but has performance issues; Type 2 converts JDBC calls to native database calls for a specific database but is not portable; Type 3 passes requests through a middleware server which can support multiple databases but requires maintaining a server; Type 4 communicates directly with databases using Java networking and is portable but requires a separate driver for each database.
JDBC allows Java programs to execute SQL statements. It includes interfaces and classes that provide methods for connecting to a database, executing queries, processing result sets, and managing transactions. The key components of JDBC are the JDBC API, driver manager, drivers, and Java SQL package. There are four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses JDBC-ODBC bridge, Type 2 uses a native database API, Type 3 uses a network protocol, and Type 4 communicates directly with a database via its network protocol. Creating a database connection in JDBC involves loading the driver, getting a connection, creating statements, executing queries, and closing resources.
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a standard Java API for connecting to databases. It provides interfaces for tasks like making database connections, executing SQL statements, and retrieving results. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers that implement the JDBC interfaces in different ways. A basic JDBC program imports SQL packages, registers the JDBC driver, gets a database connection, executes SQL statements using a Statement object, extracts result data, and closes resources.
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a standard Java API for connecting to databases. It provides interfaces for tasks like making database connections, executing SQL statements, and retrieving result sets. There are 4 types of JDBC drivers that implement the JDBC interfaces in different ways. A common JDBC application involves importing packages, registering the driver, getting a database connection, executing statements using that connection, and closing resources. Statements, PreparedStatements, and CallableStatements are used to send SQL/PLSQL commands and retrieve results.
The document provides an overview of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) including definitions, architecture, driver types, connecting to databases, executing queries, and retrieving results. JDBC provides a standard API for Java programs to connect to databases and execute SQL statements. It uses drivers to translate JDBC calls into database-specific calls. There are four types of JDBC drivers. The document discusses establishing a connection, executing queries using Statement objects, and retrieving data from the ResultSet object returned.
The document provides an overview of Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) including the key components, architecture, driver types, and basic steps for connecting to and querying a database. It discusses JDBC drivers, the driver manager, URLs for identifying databases, and how to load drivers, establish a connection, create statements, execute queries, and retrieve result sets.
Java applications cannot directly communicate with a database to submit data and retrieve the results of queries.
This is because a database can interpret only SQL statements and not Java language statements.
For this reason, you need a mechanism to translate Java statements into SQL statements.
The JDBC architecture provides the mechanism for this kind of translation.
The JDBC architecture can be classified into two layers :
JDBC application layer.
JDBC driver layer.
JDBC application layer : Signifies a Java application that uses the JDBC API to interact with the JDBC drivers. A JDBC driver is software that a Java application uses to access a database. The JDBC driver manager of JDBC API connects the Java application to the driver.
JDBC driver layer : Acts as an interface between a Java applications and a database. This layer contains a driver , such as a SQL server driver or an Oracle driver , which enables connectivity to a database.
A driver sends the request of a Java application to the database. After processing the request, the database sends the response back to the driver. The driver translates and sends the response to the JDBC API. The JDBC API forwards it to the Java application.
This document provides an overview of Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). It discusses how JDBC allows Java programs to connect to and interact with databases. It describes the key components of JDBC, including the JDBC API, driver manager, drivers, and JDBC-ODBC bridge. It also covers basic SQL queries and how to install and set up JDBC.
The document provides an overview of Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) including defining JDBC, the different types of JDBC drivers, connecting to databases using JDBC, executing queries, and retrieving results from the database. It discusses key JDBC concepts such as the DriverManager, connections, statements, and result sets. It also covers topics like prepared statements, connection pooling, and logging.
JDBC is a Java API that allows Java programs to connect to databases. It provides interfaces for establishing a connection to a database, executing SQL statements, and processing the results. There are four types of JDBC drivers that implement the connection between Java programs and databases in different ways, including using ODBC, native database APIs, network protocols, or thin drivers directly connecting to the database. The example shows how to use a JDBC-ODBC bridge driver to connect a Java program to a Microsoft Access database, running queries to retrieve and display records from a table.
2. What is JDBC?
• JDBC is Java application programming interface
that allows the Java programmers to access
database management system from Java code.
• It was developed by JavaSoft, a subsidiary of Sun
Microsystems.
• It is a java API which enables the java programs
to execute SQL statements.
3. • JDBC is actually a Java application programming
interface provides a mechanism for dynamically
loading the correct Java packages and drivers.
• It also helps to register them with the JDBC
Driver Manager that is used as a connection
factory for creating JDBC connections which
supports creating and executing statements such
as SQL INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE.
• Driver Manager is the backbone of the jdbc
architecture
4. In short JDBC helps the programmers to write java
applications that manage these three programming
activities:
1. It helps us to connect to a data source, like a
database.
2. It helps us in sending queries and updating statements
to the database and
3. Retrieving and processing the results received from
the database in terms of answering to your query.
5. Fig: A driver that acts as an interface between a client and Database Server
Client JDBC Driver Database Server
SQL Request
SQL Result
7. Process
A Java program that uses the JDBC API loads the specified driver for a
particular DBMS before it actually connects to a database. The JDBC
DriverManager class then sends all JDBC API calls to the loaded
driver.
• When opening a connection to a database it is the DriverManager' s
role to choose the most appropriate driver from the previously
loaded drivers. (ie, from the system property jdbc. Drivers)
8. • Driver types are used to categorize the technology
used to connect to the database. A JDBC driver
vendor uses these types to describe how their
product operates.
• Some JDBC driver types are better suited for
some applications than others.
9. Types of JDBC drivers
There are four types of JDBC drivers known as:
• JDBC-ODBC bridge plus ODBC driver, also called
Type 1.
• Native-API, partly Java driver, also called Type 2.
• JDBC-Net, pure Java driver, also called Type 3.
• Native-protocol, pure Java driver, also called Type 4.
11. • It is a database driver implementation that employs
the ODBC driver to connect to the database. The driver
converts JDBC method calls into ODBC function calls.
• The driver is platform-dependent as it makes use of
ODBC which in turn depends on native libraries of the
underlying operating system the JVM is running upon.
• Type 1 drivers also don't support the complete Java
command set and are limited by the functionality of
the ODBC driver.
• This driver is not written entirely in java, the use of this
driver is discouraged if the alternative of a pure-Java
driver is available.
12. • Advantages:
Almost any database for which ODBC driver is installed,
can be accessed.
Disadvantages:
• Performance overhead since the calls have to go
through the JDBC overhead bridge to the ODBC driver,
then to the native database connectivity interface.
• The ODBC driver needs to be installed on the client
machine.
• Not suitable for applets, because the ODBC driver
needs to be installed on the client.
14. • It is a database driver implementation that
uses the client-side libraries of the database.
The driver converts JDBC method calls into
native calls (the language in which database API is written) of the
database API.
15. Advantages
• As there is no implementation of jdbc-odbc bridge, its
considerably faster than a type 1 driver.
Disadvantages
• The vendor client library needs to be installed on the
client machine.
• Not all databases have a client side library
• This driver is platform dependent
• This driver supports all java applications except Applets
17. • The JDBC type 3 driver, also known as the Pure
Java Driver for Database Middleware, is a
database driver implementation which makes
use of a middle tier between the calling
program and the database.
• The middle-tier (application server)
converts JDBC calls directly or indirectly into
the vendor-specific database protocol.
• The type 3 driver is written entirely in Java.
18. • The same driver can be used for multiple
databases.
• It depends on the number of databases the
middleware has been configured to support.
• The type 3 driver is platform-independent as the
platform-related differences are taken care of by
the middleware.
• Also, making use of the middleware provides
additional advantages of security and firewall
access.
19. • Functions
• Follows a three tier communication approach.
• Can interface to multiple databases - Not vendor
specific.
• The JDBC Client driver written in
java, communicates with a middleware-net-
server using a database independent
protocol, and then this net server translates this
request into database commands for that
database.
• Thus the client driver to middleware
communication is database independent.
20. Advantages
• Since the communication between client and the
middleware server is database independent, there is no
need for the database vendor library on the client. The
client need not be changed for a new database.
• The middleware server (which can be a full fledged J2EE
Application server) can provide typical middleware
services like caching (of connections, query results, etc.),
load balancing, logging, and auditing.
• A single driver can handle any database, provided the
middleware supports it.
21. Disadvantages
• Requires database-specific coding to be done
in the middle tier.
• The middleware layer added may result in
additional latency, but is typically overcome by
using better middleware services.
23. • The JDBC type 4 driver, also known as the Direct to
Database Pure Java Driver, is a database driver
implementation that converts JDBC calls directly into a
vendor-specific database protocol.
• Written completely in Java, type 4 drivers are thus platform
independent.
• They install inside the Java Virtual Machine of the client.
• This provides better performance than the type 1 and type
2 drivers as it does not have the overhead of conversion of
calls into ODBC or database API calls.
• Unlike the type 3 drivers, it does not need associated
software to work.
24. • Advantages
• Completely implemented in Java to achieve platform
independence.
• These drivers don't translate the requests into an
intermediary format (such as ODBC).
• The client application connects directly to the database
server. No translation or middleware layers are used,
improving performance.
• The JVM can manage all aspects of the application-to-
database connection; this can facilitate debugging.
25. • Disadvantages
Drivers are database dependent, as different
database vendors use wildly different (and
usually proprietary) network protocols.
26. CONNECTING TO A DATABASE
JDBC applications must perform two steps to
connect to a database:
• 1. Load the JDBC driver
• 2. Connect to the driver
27. STEP 1: Load the JDBC Driver Using Class.forName
• The Class.forName method takes as its argument the
fully-qualified class name for the JDBC Driver. If it finds
the class, the method loads and links the class, and
returns the Class object representing the class.
To load the JDBC Driver, use it as the argument to
Class.forName method:
// Load the driver
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
28. • We can also load the driver by
registerDriver(Driver driver) : It registers the
driver with the DriverManager class register
methods.then the DriverManager class will load
the needed.
29. • STEP 2: Connect to the JDBC Driver Using
DriverManager.getConnection
• To connect to a MYSQL database through the JDBC
Driver, an application specifies:
• A database connection string in the form of a JDBC URL
• User authentication detail (user name and password)
• Applications specify this information as arguments to the
DriverManager.getConnection method.
30. Java URL Connection String
• DriverManager.getConnection requires at least
one argument, a character string specifying a
database connection URL. The URL takes the
following form:
• Jdbc : mysql: host_name: db_name: port:
optional connection information
31. • Jdbc:mysql: An identifying protocol and subprotocol string for
the Dharma JDBC Driver.
• :host_name :Name of the server system where the database
resides.
• :db_name: Name of the database.
• :port :The port number associated with the JDBC server on
• the host system.
• :optional connection information:The optional connection
information component of the URL is optional. If it is
specified, the port information must also be specified in order
for the string to be correctly parsed.
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:mysql://172.16.18.25:3306/insurance","roll1","roll2");
32. Eg:Creating a Database in MySQL
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
public class CreateDatabase{
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Database creation example!");
Connection con = null;
try{
//loading a driver
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//Establish connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:mysql://172.16.18.25:3306/insurance","roll1","roll2");
33. • try{
//create statement //
Statement st = con.createStatement();
BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Enter Database name:");
String database = bf.readLine();
//execute the query
st.executeUpdate("CREATE DATABASE "+database);
System.out.println("1 row(s) affected");
//Closing the connection
con.close();
st.close();
}
catch (SQLException s){
System.out.println("SQL statement is not executed!");
}
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}}
34. To Execute a query
Statement st=con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs=st.executeQuery(“Select * from
student”);
While(rs.next())
System.out.println(“Firstname=“+rs.getString(“first
name”));
35. To create and insert in database
Statement st=con.createStatement();
String stud =“create table student”+”(age
integer,name varchar(40),”+”weight integer)”;
St.executeUpdate(stud);
Insert
String sql = "INSERT INTO student" + "VALUES
(10, 'Zara', 50)";
st.executeUpdate(sql);